Characterizing transport between the surface mixed layer and the ocean interior with a forward and adjoint global ocean transport model

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 545-564

  Primeau, François ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FLUIDS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; NUMERICAL METHODS; PROBLEM SOLVING; WATER;

CIRCULATION MODELS; DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS;

OCEANOGRAPHY;

MASS TRANSPORT; MIXED LAYER; OCEANIC CIRCULATION;

EID: 18844386039     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JPO2699.1     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Amestoy, P. R., I. S. Duff, J. Koster, and J.-Y. L'Excellent, 2001: A fully asynchronous multifrontal solver using distributed dynamic scheduling. SIAM, 23 (1), 15-41. [An early version appeared as Tech. Rep. ENSEEIHT-IRIT, RT/APO/99/2, 1999, and is available online at http://www.enseeiht.fr/apo/MUMPS/.]
2. Broecker, W. S., and T.-H. Peng, 1982: Tracers in the Sea. Eldigio Press, 690 pp.
3. Broecker, W. S., S. Blanton, and W. M. Smethie Jr., 1991: Radiocarbon decay and oxygen utilization in the deep Atlantic Ocean. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 5, 87-117.
4. Broecker, W. S., and Coauthors, 1998: How much deep water is formed in the Southern Ocean? J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15 833-15 843.
5. Caldeira, K., H. J. Herzog, and M. E. Wickett, 2001: Predicting and evaluating the effectiveness of ocean carbon sequestration by direct injection. First Nat. Conf. on Carbon Sequestration, Washington, DC, National Energy Technology Laboratory.
6. Deleersnijder, E., J.-M. Campin, and E. J. M. Delhez, 2001: The concept of age in marine modelling. Part I: Theory and preliminary model results. J. Mar. Syst., 28, 229-267.
7. Delhez, E. J. M., and E. Deleersnijder, 2002: The concept of age in marine modelling. Part II: Concentration distribution function in the English Channel and the North Sea. J. Mar. Syst., 31, 279-297.
8. England, M. H., 1995: The age of water and ventilation timescales in a global ocean model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2756-2777.
9. England, M. H., and G. Holloway, 1998: Simulations of CFC content and water mass age in the deep North Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15 885-15 901.
10. Gent, P. R., and J. C. McWilliams, 1990: Isopycnal mixing in ocean circulation models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 150-155.
11. Goodman, P. J., 1998: The role of North Atlantic Deep Water formation in an OGCM's ventilation and thermohaline circulation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 1759-1785.
12. Gurney, K., R. Law, P. Rayner, and A. S. Denning, 2000: TransCom 3 Experimental Protocol. Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University Paper No. 707, 97 pp.
13. Haine, T. W., and T. M. Hall, 2002: A generalized transport theory: Water-mass composition and age. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1932-1946.
14. Hall, T. M., and R. A. Plumb, 1994: Age as a diagnostic of stratospheric transport, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 1059-1079.
15. Hall, T. M., and T. W. Haine, 2002: On ocean transport diagnostics: The idealized age tracer and the age spectrum. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1987-1991.
16. Hall, T. M., T. W. Haine, and D. W. Waugh, 2002: Inferring the concentration of anthropogenic carbon in the ocean from tracers. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 16, 1131, doi:10.1029/ 2001GB001835.
17. 2 disequilibrium. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 18, 1031, doi:10.1029/2003GB002120.
18. Holzer, M., and T. Hall, 2000: Transit-time and tracer-age distributions in geophysical flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 3539-3558.
19. 3He. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 15 817-15 831.
20. Khatiwala, S., M. Visbeck, and P. Schlosser, 2001: Age tracers in an ocean GCM. Deep-Sea Res., 48, 1423-1441.
21. Large, W. G., J. C. McWilliams, and S. C. Doney, 1994: Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization. Rev. Geophys., 32, 363-403.
22. Qiu, B., and R. X. Huang, 1995: Ventilation of the North Atlantic and North Pacific: Subduction versus abduction. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 2374-2390.
23. Redner, S., 2001: A Guide to First-Passage Processes. Cambridge University Press, 312 pp.
24. Sidje, R. B., 1998: Expokit: A software package for computing matrix exponentials. ACM Trans. Math. Softw., 24(1), 130-156.
25. Sigman, D. M., and E. A. Boyle, 2000: Glacial/interglacial variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide. Nature, 407, 859-869.
26. Stommel, H., and A. B. Arons, 1960: On the abyssal circulation of the world ocean. Part I: Stationary planetary flow patterns on a sphere. Deep-Sea Res., 6, 140-154.
27. Stratonovich, R. L., 1963: General Theory of Random Processes Nonlinear Transformations of Signals and Noise. Vol. 1, Topics in the Theory of Random Noise, Gordon and Breach, 292 pp. (Translated from Russian by Richard A. Silverman.)
28. 2 uptake by the oceans. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 547-550.
29. Waugh, D. W., and T. M. Hall, 2002: Age of stratospheric air: theory, observations, and models. Rev. Geophys., 40, 1010, doi:10.1029/2000RG000101.
30. Waugh, D. W., T. M. Hall, and T. W. N. Haine, 2003: Relationships among tracer ages. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3138, doi:10.1029/ 2023JC001325.
31. Wunsch, C., 2002: Oceanic age and transient tracers: Analytical and numerical solutions. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 3048, doi:10.1029/2001JC000797.