PKS 1502+106: A new and distant gamma-ray blazar in outburst discovered by the fermi large area telescope

Astrophysical Journal

Volumn 710, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 810-827

  Angelakis, E ^ad,ad   Abdo, A A ^a,b   Ackermann, M ^c   Ajello, M ^c   Atwood, W B ^d   Axelsson, M ^e,f   Baldini, L ^g   Ballet, J ^h   Barbiellini, G ^i,j   Bastieri, D ^k,l   Baughman, B M ^m   Bechtol, K ^c   Bellazzini, R ^g   Berenji, B ^c   Bloom, E D ^c   Bogaert, G ⁿ   Bonamente, E ^o,p   Borgland, A W ^c   Bregeon, J ^g   Brez, A ^g   Brigida, M ^q,r   Bruel, P ⁿ   Burnett, T H ^s   Caliandro, G A ^t   Cameron, R A ^c   Caraveo, P A ^u   Casandjian, J M ^h   Cavazzuti, E ^v   Cecchi, C ^o,p   Celik O ^w,x   Chekhtman, A ^a,y   Cheung, C C ^a,b   Chiang, J ^c   Ciprini, S ^p   Claus, R ^c   Cohen Tanugi, J ^z   Conrad, J ^e,f   Cutini, S ^v   Dermer, C D ^a   De Angelis, A ^aa   De Palma, F ^q,r   Digel, S W ^c   Do Couto E Silva, E ^c   Drell, P S ^c   Dubois, R ^c   Dumora, D ^ab,ac   Farnier, C ^z   Favuzzi, C ^q,r   Fegan, S J ⁿ   Ferrara, E C ^w   Focke, W B ^c   Frailis, M ^aa   Fuhrmann, L ^ad   Fukazawa, Y ^ae   Funk, S ^c   Fusco, P ^q,r   Gargano, F ^r   Gasparrini, D ^v   Gehrels, N ^w,af,ag   Germani, S ^o,p   Giebels, B ⁿ   Giglietto, N ^q,r   Giordano, F ^q,r   Giroletti, M ^ah   Glanzman, T ^c   Godfrey, G ^c   Grenier, I A ^h   Grondin, M H ^ab,ac   Grove, J E ^a   Guillemot, L ^ad   Guiriec, S ^ai   Hanabata, Y ^ae   Harding, A K ^w   Hayashida, M ^c   Hays, E ^w   Hughes, R E ^m   Johannesson G ^c   Johnson, A S ^c   Johnson, R P ^d   Johnson, W N ^a   Kadler, M ^w,aj,ak,al   Kamae, T ^c   Katagiri, H ^ae   Kataoka, J ^am   Kerr, M ^s   Knodlseder J ^an   Kocian, M L ^c   Kuehn, F ^m   Kuss, M ^g   Lande, J ^c   Latronico, L ^g   Lemoine Goumard, M ^ab,ac   Longo, F ^i,j   Loparco, F ^q,r   Lott, B ^ab,ac   Lovellette, M N ^a   Lubrano, P ^o,p   Madejski, G M ^c   Makeev, A ^a,y   Marelli, M ^u   Massaro, E ^ao   Max Moerbeck, W ^ap   Mazziotta, M N ^r   McConville, W ^w,ag   McEnery, J E ^w,ag   Meurer, C ^e,f   Michelson, P F ^c   Mitthumsiri, W ^c   Mizuno, T ^ae   Moiseev, A A ^w,ag   Monte, C ^q,r   Monzani, M E ^c   Morselli, A ^aq   Moskalenko, I V ^c   Murgia, S ^c   Nolan, P L ^c   Norris, J P ^ar   Nuss, E ^z   Ohsugi, T ^ae   Omodei, N ^g   Orlando, E ^as   Ormes, J F ^ar   Ozaki, M ^at   Paneque, D ^c   Panetta, J H ^c   Parent, D ^ab,ac   Pavlidou, V ^ap   Pearson, T J ^ap   Pelassa, V ^z   Pepe, M ^o,p   Pesce Rollins, M ^g   Piron, F ^z   Porter, T A ^d   Raino S ^q,r   Rando, R ^k,l   Razzano, M ^g   Razzaque, S ^a,b   Readhead, A ^ap   Reimer, A ^c,au   Reimer, O ^c,au   Reposeur, T ^ab,ac   Richards, J L ^ap   Ritz, S ^d   Rochester, L S ^c   Rodriguez, A Y ^t   Romani, R W ^c   Roth, M ^s   Ryde, F ^f,av   Sadrozinski, H F W ^d   Sanchez, D ⁿ   Sander, A ^m   Parkinson, P M Saz ^d   Scargle, J D ^aw   Sgro C ^g   Shaw, M S ^c   Siskind, E J ^ax   Smith, D A ^ab,ac   Smith, P D ^m   Spandre, G ^g   Spinelli, P ^q,r   Stevenson, M ^ap   Strickman, M S ^a   Suson, D J ^ay   Tajima, H ^c   Takahashi, H ^ae   Tanaka, T ^c   Thayer, J B ^c   Thayer, J G ^c   Thompson, D J ^w   Tibaldo, L ^h,k,l   Tibolla, O ^az   Torres, D F ^t,ba   Tosti, G ^o,p   Tramacere, A ^c,bb   Ubertini, P ^bc   Uchiyama, Y ^c   Usher, T L ^c   Vasileiou, V ^w,x   Vilchez, N ^an   Vitale, V ^aq,bd   Waite, A P ^c   Wang, P ^c   Winer, B L ^m   Wood, K S ^a   Yasuda, H ^ae   Ylinen, T ^f,av,be   Zensus, J A ^ad   Ziegler, M ^d   Hovatta, T ^bf   Hoversten, E ^af   Ikejiri, Y ^ae   Kawabata, K S ^ae   Kovalev, Y Y ^ad,bg   Kovalev, Yu A ^bg   Krichbaum, T P ^ad   Lister, M L ^bh   Lahteenmaki A ^bf   Marchili, N ^ad   Ogle, P ^ap   Pagani, C ^af   Pushkarev, A B ^ad,bi,bj   Sakimoto, K ^ae   Sasada, M ^ae   Tornikoski, M ^bf   Uemura, M ^ae   Yamanaka, M ^ae   Yamashita, T ^ae   more..

^a NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ   (United States)

^e STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^f OSKAR KLEIN CENTRE   (Sweden)

^g INFN SEZIONE DI PISA   (Italy)

^h CEA SACLAY   (France)

ⁱ SEZIONE DI TRIESTE   (Italy)

^j UNIVERSITY OF TRIESTE   (Italy)

^k SEZIONE DI PADOVA   (Italy)

^l UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

^m OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

ⁿ LABORATOIRE LEPRINCE RINGUET   (France)

^o INFN SEZIONE DI PERUGIA   (Italy)

^p UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^q POLITECNICO DI BARI   (Italy)

^r INFN SEZIONE DI BARI   (Italy)

^s UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^t UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^u INAF IASF MILANO   (Italy)

^v ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY   (Italy)

^w NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^x University of Marylandw Baltimore County   (United States)

^y GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^z UNIVERSITÉ MONTPELLIER II   (France)

^aa UNIVERSITY OF UDINE   (Italy)

^ab UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^ac CENTRE D ETUDES NUCLÉAIRES DE BORDEAUX GRADIGNAN   (France)

^ad MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR RADIOASTRONOMIE   (Germany)

^ae HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^af PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^ag UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^ah INAF ISTITUTO DI RADIOASTRONOMIA   (Italy)

^ai UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA IN HUNTSVILLE   (United States)

^aj Dr Remeis Sternwarte Bamberg   (Germany)

^ak UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^al UNIVERSITIES SPACE RESEARCH ASSOCIATION   (United States)

^am WASEDA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^an CNRS   (France)

^ao SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^ap CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^aq INFN SEZIONE DI ROMA   (Italy)

^ar UNIVERSITY OF DENVER   (United States)

^as MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR EXTRATERRESTRISCHE PHYSIK   (Germany)

^at JAPAN AEROSPACE EXPLORATION AGENCY   (Japan)

^au INNSBRUCK MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Austria)

^av ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

^aw NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^ax NYCB REAL TIME COMPUTING INC   (United States)

^ay PURDUE UNIVERSITY CALUMET   (United States)

^az MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR KERNPHYSIK   (Germany)

^ba INSTITUCIÓ CATALANA DE RECERCA I ESTUDIS AVANÇATS ICREA   (Spain)

^bb University of Kalmar ^*  (Italy)

^bc INAF IASF ROMA   (Italy)

^bd UNIVERSITY OF ROME TOR VERGATA   (Italy)

^be LINNAEUS UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^bf AALTO UNIVERSITY   (Finland)

^bg LEBEDEV PHYSICAL INSTITUTE   (Russian Federation)

^bh PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^bi CRIMEAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY   (Ukraine)

^bj RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (Russian Federation)

more..

Author keywords

Galaxies: active; Galaxies: jets; Gamma rays: general; Quasars: general; X rays: galaxies

Indexed keywords

EID: 76949104429     PISSN: 0004637X     EISSN: 15384357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/710/1/810     Document Type: Article

References (131)

1. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2009a, ApJ, 699, 817
2. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2009b, ApJ, 700, 597
3. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2009c, ApJS, 183, 46
4. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2009d, Astropart. Phys., 32, 193
5. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2010a, ApJ, submitted (AGN variability)
6. Abdo, A. A. et al. 2010b, ApJ, submitted (PKS 1510-089)
7. Aharonian, F. et al. 2007, ApJ, 664, L71
8. Akiyama, M., Ueda, Y., Ohta, K., Takahashi, T., & Yamada, T. 2003, ApJS, 148, 275
9. Aller, M. F., Aller, H. D., Hughes, P. A., & Latimer, G. E. 1999, ApJ, 512, 601
10. Amato, E., Blasi, P., & Gabici, S. 2008, MNRAS, 385, 1946
11. An, T., Hong, X. Y., Venturi, T., Jiang, D. R., & Wang, W. H. 2004, A&A, 421, 839
12. Angelakis, E., Fuhrmann, L., Marchili, N., Krichbaum, T. P., & Zensus, J. A. 2008, Mem. SAIt, 79, 1042
13. Argue, A. N. & Sullivan, C. 1980, Observatory, 100, 152
14. Atwood, W. B. et al. 2007, Astropart. Phys., 28, 422
15. Atwood, W. B. et al. 2009, ApJ, 697, 1071
16. Baars, J. W. M., Genzel, R., Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K., & Witzel, A. 1977, A&A, 61, 99
17. Begelman, M. C., Blandford, R. D., & Rees, M. J. 1984, Rev. Mod. Phys., 56, 255
18. Bellazzini, R. et al. 2002, Nucl. Phys. B: Proc. Suppl., 113, 303
19. Bertin, E. & Arnouts, S. 1996, A&AS, 117, 393
20. Blake, G. M. 1970, Astrophys.Lett., 6, 201
21. Böttcher, M. & Chiang, J. 2002, ApJ, 581, 127
22. Burbidge, E. M. & Strittmatter, P. A. 1972, ApJ, 174, L57
23. Burnett, T. H. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 530
24. Camilo, F. et al. 2009, ApJ, 705, 1
25. Casandjian, J.-M. & Grenier, I. A. 2008, A&A, 489, 849
26. Cecchi, C. et al. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 540
27. Chiaberge, M. & Ghisellini, G. 1999, MNRAS, 306, 551
28. Chiang, J. & Böttcher, M. 2002, ApJ, 564, 92
29. Chiang, J., Carson, J., & Focke, W. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 544
30. Chiang, J., Digel, S., Silva, E. D. C. E., & Reimer, O. 2006, BAAS, 38, 382
31. Ciaramella, A. et al. 2004, A&A, 419, 485
32. Ciprini, S. 2008, Proc. of Blazar Variability Across the Electromagnetic Spectrum, PoS(BLAZARS2008), n.073
33. Ciprini, S. et al. 2007a, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 546
34. Ciprini, S. et al. 2007b, A&A, 467, 465
35. Cooper, N. J., Lister, M. L., & Kochanczyk, M. D. 2007, ApJS, 171, 376
36. Crowther, J. H. & Clarke, R. W. 1966, MNRAS, 132, 405
37. Damiani, F., Maggio, A., Micela, G., & Sciortino, S. 1997, ApJ, 483, 350
38. D'Arcangelo, F. D. et al. 2007, ApJ, 659, L107
39. Day, G. A., Shimmins, A. J., Ekers, R. D., & Cole, D. J. 1966, Aust. J. Phys., 19, 35
40. D'Elia, V., Padovani, P., & Landt, H. 2003, MNRAS, 339, 1081
41. Dermer, C. D. 2007, ApJ, 659, 958
42. Dermer, C. D. & Schlickeiser, R. 2002, ApJ, 575, 667
43. Drury, L. O. 1991, MNRAS, 251, 340
44. Fichtel, C. E. et al. 1994, ApJS, 94, 551
45. Fitch, L. T., Dixon, R. S., & Kraus, J. D. 1969, AJ, 74, 612
46. Fossati, G. et al. 2000, ApJ, 541, 166
47. Fuhrmann, L., Zensus, J. A., Krichbaum, T. P., Angelakis, E., & Readhead, A.C.S. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 249
48. Fuhrmann, L. et al. 2008, A&A, 490, 1019
49. Gehrels, N. et al. 2004, ApJ, 611, 1005
50. Georganopoulos, M. & Marscher, A. P. 1998, ApJ, 506, L11
51. Georganopoulos, M., Perlman, E. S., Kazanas, D., & Wingert, B. 2006, AIP Conf. Proc., 350, 178
52. George, I. M., Nandra, K., Turner, T. J., & Celotti, A. 1994, ApJ, 436, L59
53. Ghisellini, G. & Tavecchio, F. 2009, MNRAS, 397, 985
54. Ghisellini, G., Tavecchio, F., & Ghirlanda, G. 2009, MNRAS, 399, 2041
55. Graff, P. B., Georganopoulos, M., Perlman, E. S., & Kazanas, D. 2008, ApJ, 689, 68
56. Hartman, R. C. et al. 1999, ApJS, 123, 79
57. Hartman, R. C. et al. 2001, ApJ, 553, 683
58. Healey, S. E. et al. 2008, ApJS, 175, 97
59. Houck, J. R. et al. 2004, ApJS, 154, 18
60. Hovatta, T., Tornikoski, M., Lainela, M., Lehto, H. J., Valtaoja, E., Torniainen, I., Aller, M. F., & Aller, H. D. 2007, A&A, 469, 899
61. Hovatta, T., Valtaoja, E., Tornikoski, M., & Lähteenmäki, A. 2009, A&A, 494, 527
62. Hughes, P. A., Aller, H. D., & Aller, M. F. 1992, ApJ, 396, 469
63. Inoue, S. & Takahara, F. 1996, ApJ, 463, 555
64. Jorstad, S. et al. 2007, AJ, 134, 799
65. Kataoka, J. et al. 2008, ApJ, 672, 787
66. Kellermann, K. I. et al. 2004, ApJ, 609, 539
67. Kirk, J. G., Rieger, F. M., & Mastichiadis, A. 1998, A&A, 333, 452
68. Komatsu, E. et al. 2009, ApJS, 180, 330
69. Korolkov, D. V. & Parijskij, Yu. N. 1979, Sky Telesc., 57, 324
70. Kovalev, Y. Y., Nizhelsky, N. A., Kovalev, Yu. A., Berlin, A. B., Zhekanis, G.V., Mingaliev, M. G., & Bogdantsov, A. V. 1999, A&AS, 139, 545
71. Kovalev, Y. Y. et al. 2005, AJ, 130, 2473
72. Kovalev, Y. Y. et al. 2009, ApJ, 696, L17
73. Landau, R. et al. 1986, ApJ, 308, 78
74. Leipski, C. et al. 2009, ApJ, 701, 891
75. Lister, M. L., Aller, H. D., & Aller, M. F. 2009a, AJ, 137, 3718
76. Lister, M. L. & Homan, D. C. 2005, AJ, 130, 1389
77. Lister, M. L., Homan, D. C., Kadler, M., Kellermann, K. I., Kovalev, Y. Y., Ros, E., Savolainen, T., & Zensus, J. A. 2009b, ApJ, 696, L22
78. Liu, Y., Jiang, D. R., & Gu, M. F. 2006, ApJ, 637, 669
79. López-Caniego, M. et al. 2007, ApJS, 170, 108
80. Lott, B. et al. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 347
81. Madejski, G. et al. 1996, ApJ, 459, 156
82. Marcucci, F., Cecchi, C., & Tosti, G. 2004, Frascati Phys. Ser., 37, 285
83. Marscher, A. P. et al. 2008, Nature, 452, 966
84. Massaro, E., Perri, M., Giommi, P., & Nesci, R. 2004, A&A, 413, 489
85. Massaro, E. et al. 2009, A&A, 495, 691
86. Mattox, J. R. et al. 1993, ApJ, 410, 609
87. Mattox, J. R. et al. 1996, ApJ, 461, 396
88. McEnery, J. 2006, Blazar Variability Workshop II: Entering the GLAST Era (ASP Conf. Ser. 350), ed. H. R. Miller, K. Marshall, J. R. Webb, & M. F. Aller (San Francisco, CA: ASP), 229
89. Michelson, P. F. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 8
90. Moskalenko, I. V., Jones, F. C., Mashnik, S. G., Ptuskin, V. S., & Strong, A. W. 2003, Proc. 28th ICRC (Trukuba), 4, 1925
91. Neugebauer, G., Miley, G. K., Soifer, B. T., & Clegg, P. E. 1986, ApJ, 308, 815
92. Nolan, P. L., Tompkins, W. F., Grenier, I. A., & Michelson, P. F. 2003, ApJ, 597, 615
93. Pei, Y. C. 1992, ApJ, 395, 130
94. Perlman, E., Addison, B., Georganopoulos, M., Wingert, B., & Graff, P. 2008, Proc. of Blazar Variability Across the Electromagnetic Spectrum, PoS(BLAZARS2008), n.009
95. Perlman, E. S. & Wilson, A. S. 2005, ApJ, 627, 140
96. Perlman, E. S. et al. 2005, ApJ, 625, 727
97. Petrucci, P. O. et al. 2002, A&A, 388, L5
98. Poole, T. S. et al. 2008, MNRAS, 383, 627
99. Readhead, A. C. S., Lawrence, C. R., Myers, S. T., Sargent, W. L. W., Hardebeck, H. E., & Moffet, A. T. 1989, ApJ, 346, 566
100. Ritz, S. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 3
101. Schlegel, D. J., Finkbeiner, D. P., & Davis, M. 1998, ApJS, 500, 525
102. Sikora, M., Begelman, M. C., & Rees, M. J. 1994, ApJ, 421, 153
103. Sikora, M., Błaejowski, M., Begelman, M. C., & Moderski, R. 2001, ApJ, 554, 1
104. Sikora, M., Błaejowski, M., Moderski, R., & Madejski, G. M. 2002, ApJ, 577, 78
105. Sikora, M., Moderski, R., & Madejski, G. M. 2008, ApJ, 675, 71
106. Sikora, M., Stawarz, Ł., Moderski, R., Nalewajko, K., & Madejski, G. M. 2009, ApJ, 704, 38
107. Smith, H. E., Burbidge, E. M., Baldwin, J. A., Tohline, J. E., Wampler, E. J., Hazard, C., & Murdoch, H. S. 1977, ApJ, 215, 427
108. Sokolov, A. & Marscher, A. P. 2005, ApJ, 629, 52
109. Sokolov, A., Marscher, A. P., & McHardy, I. M. 2004, ApJ, 613, 725
110. Sowards-Emmerd, D., Romani, R. W., & Michelson, P. F. 2003, ApJ, 590, 109
111. Sowards-Emmerd, D. et al. 2005, ApJ, 626, 95
112. Starck, J.-L. & Pierre, M. 1998, A&AS, 128, 397
113. Stawarz, Ł. & Petrosian, V. 2008, ApJ, 681, 1725
114. Stecker, F. W., Malkan, M. A., & Scully, S. T. 2006, ApJ, 648, 774
115. Strüder, L. et al. 2001, A&A, 365, L18
116. Teräsranta, H., Wiren, S., Koivisto, P., Saarinen, V., & Hovatta, T. 2005, A&A, 440, 409
117. Teräsranta, H. et al. 1998, A&AS, 132, 305
118. Thompson, D. J. 2006, Blazar Variability Workshop II: Entering the GLAST Era (ASP Conf. Ser. 350), ed. H. R. Miller, K. Marshall, J. R. Webb, & M. F. Aller (San Francisco, CA: ASP), 113
119. Thompson, D. J. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 86
120. Thompson, D. J. et al. 1996, ApJS, 107, 227
121. Tosti, G. 2007, The First GLAST Symposium (AIP Conf. Proc. 921), ed. S. Ritz, P. Michelson, & C. A. Meegan (Melville, NY: AIP), 255
122. Tramacere, A., Massaro, F., & Cavaliere, A. 2007, A&A, 466, 521
123. Tramacere, A. & Tosti, G. 2003, New Astron. Rev., 47, 697
124. Uemura, M. et al. 2008, Proc. of Blazar Variability Across the Electromagnetic Spectrum, PoS(BLAZARS2008), n.070
125. Watanabe, C., Ohta, K., Akiyama, M., & Ueda, Y. 2004, ApJ, 610, 128
126. Watanabe, M. et al. 2005, PASP, 117, 870
127. Webb, G. M., Drury, L. O., & Biermann, P. 1984, A&A, 137, 185
128. Wehrle, A. et al. 1998, ApJ, 497, 178
129. Wilkes, B. J., Wright, A. E., Jauncey, D. L., & Peterson, B. A. 1983, PASAu, 5, 2
130. Williams, P. J. S., Kenderdine, S., & Baldwin, J. E. 1967, MmRAS, 70, 53
131. Wright, A. E., Peterson, B. A., Jauncey, D. L., & Condon, J. J. 1979, ApJ, 229, 73