Optimum subcutaneous glucose sampling and Fourier analysis of continuous glucose monitors

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 495-500

  Breton, Marc D ^a   Shields, Devin P ^a   Kovatchev, Boris P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Blood glucose; Fourier; Harmonic analysis; Interstitial glucose; Nyquist; Optimal sampling schedule

Indexed keywords

EID: 76449118075     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19322968     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/193229680800200322     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Mastrototaro J. The MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1999;12 Suppl 3:751-8.
2. Klonoff DC. Continuous glucose monitoring: roadmap for 21st century diabetes therapy. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(5):1231-9.
3. Kovatchev BP. Is glycemic variability important to assessing antidiabetes therapies? Curr Diab Rep. 2006;6(5):350-6.
4. Miller M, Strange P. Use of Fourier models for analysis and interpretation of continuous glucose monitoring glucose profiles. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2007;1(5):630-8.
5. Gough DA, Kreutz-Delgado K, Bremer TM. Frequency characterization of blood glucose dynamics. Ann Biomed Eng. 2003;31(1):91-7.
6. Malinov IA, Denisova T P, Malinova LI, Brook SB, Spectral analysis of time functions of plasma glucose and immunoreactive insulin during intravenous glucose tolerance testing on atherosclerosis and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Proc SPIE. 2000;4001:416-7.
7. Brodan V, Hájek M, Kuhn E, Andel M. Analysis of rapid oscillations of glucose and free fatty acids in plasma. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1979;41(3):159-71.
8. Preoteasa EA, Ionescu B, Ionescu-Tirgoviste C, Georgescu M. FFT analysis and periodic function regression of glycemia time fuctuations in diabetes. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1996. Bridging disciplines for biomedicine. Proceedings of the 18th Annual International Conference of the IEEE; 1996. Vol. 5, pp. 1834-5.
9. Hirsch IB, Brownlee M. Should minimal blood glucose variability become the gold standard of glycemic control? J Diabetes Complications. 2005;19(3):178-81.
10. Kovatchev BP, Cox DJ, Gonder-Frederick L, Clarke WL. Methods for quantifying self-monitoring blood glucose profiles exemplifed by an examination of blood glucose patterns in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2002;4(3):295-303.
11. Shannon CE. Communication in the presence of noise. Proc. Institute Radio Engineers. 1949;37(1):10-21.
12. Reprint as classic paper in Proc. IEEE. 1998;86(2).
13. Jansson PA, Fowelin J, Smith U, Lönnroth P. Characterization by microdialysis of intracellular glucose level in subcutaneous tissue in humans. Am J Physiol. 1988;255(2 Pt 1):E218-20.
14. Wentholt IM, Hart AA, Hoekstra JB, Devries JH. Relationship between interstitial and blood glucose in type 1 diabetes patients: delay and the push-pull phenomenon revisited. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2007;9(2):169-75.
15. Kulcu E, Tamada JA, Reach G, Potts RO, Lesho MJ. Physiological differences between interstitial glucose and blood glucose measured in human subjects. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(8):2405-9.
16. Breton MD, Anderson S, Kovatchev BP. Analysis, modeling, and simulation of the accuracy of continuous glucose sensors Proceedings of AIDPIT; 2008, Igls, Austria.
17. King C, Anderson SM, Breton M, Clarke WL, Kovatchev BP. Modeling of calibration effectiveness and blood-to-interstitial glucose dynamics as potential confounders of the accuracy of continuous glucose sensors during hyperinsulinemic clamp. J. Diabetes Sci Technol. 2007;1(3):317-22.
18. Rebrin K, Steil GM, van Antwerp WP, Mastrototaro JJ. Subcutaneous glucose predicts plasma glucose independent of insulin: implications for continuous monitoring. Am J Physiol. 1999;277(3 Pt 1):E561-71.
19. O'Rahilly S, Turner RC, Matthews DR. Impaired pulsatile secretion of insulin in relatives of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1988;318(19):1225-30.
20. Bertram R, Sherman A, Satin LS. Metabolic and electrical oscillations: partners in controlling pulsatile insulin secretion. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007;293(4):E890-900.