Summer microplankton community structure across the Scotia Sea: Implications for biological carbon export

Biogeosciences

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 343-356

  Korb, R E ^a   Whitehouse, M J ^a   Gordon, M ^a   Ward, P ^a   Poulton, A J ^b  

^a BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BATHYMETRIC SURVEY; BIOGENIC DEPOSIT; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DIATOM; DINOFLAGELLATE; MICROPLANKTON; MODIS; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; RESOLUTION; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPECIES RICHNESS;

ANTARCTICA; ATLANTIC OCEAN; SCOTIA SEA; SOUTH GEORGIA;

ALGAE; BACILLARIOPHYTA; DINOPHYCEAE;

EID: 76449089801     PISSN: 17264170     EISSN: 17264189     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/bg-7-343-2010     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Archer, S. D., Leakey, R. J. G., Burkill, P. H., and Sleigh, M. A.: Microbial dynamics in coastal waters of East Antarctica: Herbivory by heterotrophic dinoflagellates, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 139(1-3), 239-255, 1996.
2. Armand, L. K., Crosta, X., Romero, O., and Pichon, J. J.: The biogeography of major diatom taxa in Southern Ocean sediments: 1. Sea ice related species, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 223(1-2), 93-126, 2005.
3. Armand, L. K., Cornet-Barthaux, V., Mosseri, J., and Queguiner, B.: Late summer diatom biomass and community structure on and around the naturally iron-fertilised Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res. II, 55(5-7), 653-676, 2008.
4. Arrigo, K. R.,Worthen, D., Schnell, A., and Lizotte, M. P.: Primary production in Southern Ocean waters, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 103(C8), 15587-15600, 1998.
5. Atkinson, A., Whitehouse, M. J., Priddle, J., Cripps, G. C., Ward, P., and Brandon, M. A.: South Georgia, Antarctica: a productive, cold water, pelagic ecosystem, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 216, 279-308, 2001.
6. Blain, S., Queguiner, B., Armand, L., Belviso, S., Bombled, B., Bopp, L., Bowie, A., Brunet, C., Brussaard, C., Carlotti, F., Christaki, U., Corbiere, A., Durand, I., Ebersbach, F., Fuda, J. L., Garcia, N., Gerringa, L., Griffiths, B., Guigue, C., Guillerm, C., Jacquet, S., Jeandel, C., Laan, P., Lefevre, D., Lo Monaco, C., Malits, A., Mosseri, J., Obernosterer, I., Park, Y. H., Picheral, M., Pondaven, P., Remenyi, T., Sandroni, V., Sarthou, G., Savoye, N., Scouarnec, L., Souhaut, M., Thuiller, D., Timmermans, K., Trull, T., Uitz, J., van Beek, P., Veldhuis, M., Vincent, D., Viollier, E., Vong, L., and Wagener, T.: Effect of natural iron fertilization on carbon sequestration in the Southern Ocean, Nature, 446(7139), 1070-1074, 2007.
7. Boyd, P. W. and Newton, P. P.: Does planktonic community structure determine downward particulate organic carbon flux in different oceanic provinces?, Deep-Sea Res. II, 46(1), 63-91, 1999.
8. Boyd, P. W. and Trull, T. W.: Understanding the export of biogenic particles in oceanic waters: Is there consensus?, Prog. Oceanogr., 72(4), 276-312, 2007.
9. Boyd, P. W., Jickells, T., Law, C. S., Blain, S., Boyle, E. A., Buesseler, K. O., Coale, K. H., Cullen, J. J., de Baar, H. J. W., Follows, M., Harvey, M., Lancelot, C., Levasseur, M., Owens, N. P. J., Pollard, R., Rivkin, R. B., Sarmiento, J., Schoemann, V., Smetacek, V., Takeda, S., Tsuda, A., Turner, S., and Watson, A. J.: Mesoscale iron enrichment experiments 1993-2005: Synthesis and future directions, Science, 315(5812), 612-617, 2007.
10. Boyd, P. W.: Implications of large-scale iron fertilization of the oceans - Introduction and synthesis, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 364, 213-218, 2008.
11. Buma, A. G. J., Gieskes,W.W. C., and Thomsen, H. A.: Abundance of Cryptophyceae and Chlorophyll B-Containing Organisms in theWeddell-Scotia Confluence Area in the Spring of 1988, Polar Biol., 12(1), 43-52, 1992.
12. Comiso, J. C., McClain, C. R., Sullivan, C. W., Ryan, J. P., and Leonard, C. L.: Coastal Zone Color Scanner Pigment Concentrations in the Southern-Ocean and Relationships to Geophysical Surface- Features, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 98(C2), 2419-2451, 1993.
13. Cortese, G. and Gersonde, R.: Morphometric variability in the diatom Fragilariopsis kerguelensis: Implications for Southern Ocean paleoceanography, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 257(3-4), 526-544, 2007.
14. Cortese, G. and Gersonde, R.: Plio/Pleistocene changes in the main biogenic silica carrier in the Southern Ocean, Atlantic Sector, Mar. Geol., 252(3-4), 100-110, 2008.
15. Crosta, X., Romero, O., Armand, L. K., and Pichon, J. J.: The biogeography of major diatom taxa in Southern Ocean sediments: 2. Open ocean related species, Palaeogeogr. Palaeocl., 223(1-2), 66-92, 2005.
16. de Baar, H. J. W., Boyd, P. W., Coale, K. H., Landry, M. R., Tsuda, A., Assmy, P., Bakker, D. C. E., Bozec, Y., Barber, R. T., Brzezinski, M. A., Buesseler, K. O., Boye, M., Croot, P. L., Gervais, F., Gorbunov, M. Y., Harrison, P. J., Hiscock, W. T., Laan, P., Lancelot, C., Law, C. S., Levasseur, M., Marchetti, A., Millero, F. J., Nishioka, J., Nojiri, Y., van Oijen, T., Riebesell, U., Rijkenberg, M. J. A., Saito, H., Takeda, S., Timmermans, K. R., Veldhuis, M. J.W., Waite, A. M., andWong, C. S.: Synthesis of iron fertilization experiments: From the iron age in the age of enlightenment, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 110(C9) CO9S16, doi:10.1029/2004JCOO2601, 2005.
17. De La Rocha, C. L. and Passow, U.: Factors influencing the sinking of POC and the efficiency of the biological carbon pump, Deep-Sea Res. II, 54(5-7), 639-658, 2007.
18. Fetterer, F., Knowles, K., Meier, W., and Savoie, M.: Sea Ice Index, Boulder, CO: National Snow and Ice Data Center, Digital media (updated 2009), 2002.
19. Field, J. G., Clarke, K. R., andWarwick, R. M.: A practical strategy for analysing multispecies distribution patterns, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 8, 37-52, 1982.
20. Franck, V. M., Brzezinski, M. A., Coale, K. H., and Nelson, D. M.: Iron and silicic acid concentrations regulate Si uptake north and south of the Polar Frontal Zone in the Pacific Sector of the Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res. II, 47(15-16), 3315-3338, 2000.
21. Garibotti, I. A., Vernet, M., Ferrario, M. E.: Annually recurrent phytoplanktonic assemblages during summer in the seasonal ice zone west of the Antarctic Peninsula (Southern Ocean), Deep-Sea Res. I, 52(10), 1823-1841, 2005.
22. Hasle, G.: The inverted microscope method, in: Phytoplankton manual, edited by: Sournia, A., UNESCO, Paris, 1978.
23. Holeton, C. L., Nedelec, F., Sanders, R., Brown, L., Moore, C. M., Stevens, D. P., Heywood, K. J., Statham, P. J., and Lucas, C. H.: Physiological state of phytoplankton communities in the Southwest Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, as measured by fast repetition rate fluorometry, Polar Biol., 29(1), 44-52, 2005.
24. Holm-Hansen, O., Amos, A. F., and Hewes, C. D.: Reliability of estimating chlorophyll a concentrations in Antarctic waters by measurement of in situ chlorophyll a fluorescence, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 196, 103-110, 2000.
25. Holm-Hansen, O., Kahru, M., Hewes, C. D., Kawaguchi, S., Kameda, T., Sushin, V. A., Krasovski, I., Priddle, J., Korb, R., Hewitt, R. P., and Mitchell, B. G.: Temporal and spatial distribution of chlorophyll-a in surface waters of the Scotia Sea as determined by both shipboard measurements and satellite data, Deep-Sea Res. II, 51(12-13), 1323-1331, 2004a.
26. Holm-Hansen, O., Naganobu, M., Kawaguchi, S., Kameda, T., Krasovski, I., Tchernyshkov, P., Priddle, J., Korb, R., Brandon, M., Demer, D., Hewitt, R. P., Kahru, M., and Hewes, C. D.: Factors influencing the distribution, biomass, and productivity of phytoplankton in the Scotia Sea and adjoining waters, Deep-Sea Res. II, 51(12-13), 1333-1350, 2004b.
27. Jacques, G. and Panouse, M.: Biomass and Composition of Size Fractionated Phytoplankton in the Weddell-Scotia Confluence Area, Polar Biol., 11(5), 315-328, 1991.
28. Jennings Jr., J. C., Gordon, L. I., and Nelson, D. M.: Nutrient depletion indicates high primary productivity in the Weddell Sea, Nature, 309, 51-54, 1984.
29. Kirk, J. T. O.: Light and photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosytems, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994.
30. Korb, R. E. and Whitehouse, M.: Contrasting primary production regimes around South Georgia, Southern Ocean: large blooms versus high nutrient, low chlorophyll waters, Deep-Sea Res. I, 51 (5), 721-738, 2004.
31. Korb, R. E., Whitehouse, M. J., and Ward, P.: SeaWiFS in the southern ocean: spatial and temporal variability in phytoplankton biomass around South Georgia, Deep-Sea Res. II, 51(1-3), 99-116, 2004.
32. Korb, R. E., Whitehouse, M. J., Thorpe, S. E., and Gordon, M.: Primary production across the Scotia Sea in relation to the physicochemical environment, J/ Marine Syst., 57(3-4), 231-249, 2005.
33. Korb, R. E., Whitehouse, M. J., Atkinson, A., and Thorpe, S. E.: Magnitude and maintenance of the phytoplankton bloom at South Georgia: a naturally iron-replete environment, Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 368, 75-91, 2008.
34. Meredith, M. P., Brandon, M. A., Murphy, E. J., Trathan, P. N., Thorpe, S. E., Bone, D. G., Chernyshkov, P. P., and Sushin, V. A.: Variability of hydrographic conditions to the east and northwest of South Georgia, 1996-2001, J. Marine Syst., 53(1-4), 143-167, 2005.
35. Pollard, R., Sanders, R., Lucas, M., and Statham, P.: The crozet natural iron bloom and EXport experiment (CROZEX), Deep-Sea Res. II, 54(18-20), 1905-1914, 2007.
36. Pollard, R. T., Salter, I., Sanders, R. J., Lucas, M. I., Moore, C. M., Mills, R. A., Statham, P. J., Allen, J. T., Baker, A. R., Bakker, D. C. E., Charette, M. A., Fielding, S., Fones, G. R., French, M., Hickman, A. E., Holland, R. J., Hughes, J. A., Jickells, T. D., Lampitt, R. S., Morris, P. J., Nedelec, F. H., Nielsdottir, M., Planquette, H., Popova, E. E., Poulton, A. J., Read, J. F., Seeyave, S., Smith, T., Stinchcombe, M., Taylor, S., Thomalla, S., Venables, H. J., Williamson, R., and Zubkov, M. V.: Southern Ocean deep-water carbon export enhanced by natural iron fertilization, Nature, 457(7229), 577-580, 2009.
37. Poulton, A. J., Moore, C. M., Seeyave, S., Lucas, M. I., Fielding, S., and Ward, P.: Phytoplankton community composition around the Crozet Plateau, with emphasis on diatoms and Phaeocystis, Deep-Sea Res. II, 54(18-20), 2085-2105, 2007.
38. Priddle, J. and Fryxel, G.: Handbook of the common plankton diatoms of the Southern Ocean: centrales except the genus Thalassiosira, British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge, 158 pp., 1985.
39. Rubin, S. I., Takahashi, T., Chipman, D. W., and Goddard, J. G.: Primary productivity and nutrient utilization ratios in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean based on seasonal changes in seawater chemistry, Deep-Sea Res. I, 45, 1211-1234, 1998.
40. Schlitzer, R.: Carbon export fluxes in the Southern Ocean: results from inverse modeling and comparison with satellite-based estimates, Deep-Sea Res. II, 49(9-10), 1623-1644, 2002.
41. Schultes, S., Verity, P. G., Bathmann, U.: Copepod grazing during an iron-induced diatom bloom in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (EisenEx):I. Feeding patterns and grazing impact on prey populations, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 338, 16-34, 2006.
42. Scott, F. J. and Marchant, J.: Antarctic Marine Protists, Australian Biological Resources Study and Australian Antarctic Division, 550 pp., 2005.
43. Smetacek, V., Assmy, P., and Henjes, J.: The role of grazing in structuring Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles, Antarctic Sci., 16(4), 541-558, 2004.
44. Tomas, C. R.: Identifying Marine Phytoplankton, Academic Press, New York, 858 pp., 1997.
45. Treguer, P. and Jacques, G.: Dynamics of Nutrients and Phytoplankton, and Fluxes of Carbon, Nitrogen and Silicon in the Antarctic Ocean, Polar Biol., 12(2), 149-162, 1992.
46. Tyrrell, T., Merico, A., Waniek, J. J., Wong, C. S., Metzl, N., and Whitney, F.: Effect of seafloor depth on phytoplankton blooms in high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll (HNLC) regions, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci., 110(G2) GO2007, 2005.
47. Venables, H. J., Pollard, R. T., and Popova, E. E.: Physical conditions controlling the development of a regular phytoplankton bloom north of the Crozet Plateau, Southern Ocean, Deep-Sea Res. II, 54(18-20), 1949-1965, 2007.
48. Whitehouse, M. J.: Automated seawater nutrient chemistry, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, 14 pp., 1997.
49. Whitehouse, M. J., Priddle, J., and Symon, C.: Seasonal and annual change in seawater temperature, salinity, nutrient and chlorophyll a distributions around South Georgia, South Atlantic, Deep-Sea Res. I, 43(4), 425-443, 1996.
50. Whitehouse, M. J., Priddle, J., and Brandon, M. A.: Chlorophyll/nutrient characteristics in the water masses to the north of South Georgia, Southern Ocean, Polar Biol., 23(6), 373-382, 2000.
51. Whitehouse, M. J., Korb, R. E., Atkinson, A., Thorpe, S. E., and Gordon, M.: Formation, transport and decay of an intense phytoplankton bloom within the High-Nutrient Low-Chlorophyll belt of the Southern Ocean, J. Marine Syst., 70(1-2), 150-167, 2008.