Aggressiveness of the growl-like timbre: Acoustic characteristics, musical implications, and biomechanical mechanisms

Music Perception

Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 209-221

  Tsai, Chen Gia ^a   Wang, Li Ching ^a   Wang, Shwu Fen ^a   Shau, Yio Wha ^a   Hsiao, Tzu Yu ^a   Auhagen, Wolfgang ^b  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE WITTENBERG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Aggressiveness; Beijing opera; Growl; Heavy metal; Spine stability

Indexed keywords

EID: 76249118320     PISSN: 07307829     EISSN: 15338312     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/mp.2010.27.3.209     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. AGOSTONI, E., & CAMPBELL, E. J. M. (1970). The abdominal muscles. In E. J. M. Campbell, E. Agostoni, & J. Newsom-Davis (Eds.), The respiratory muscles: Mechanisms and neural control (pp. 175-180). London: Lloyd-Luke.
2. AMODIO, D. M., & FRITH, C. D. (2006).Meeting of minds: The medial frontal cortex and social cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7, 268-277.
3. BAKER, J. (2002). Psychogenic voice disorders-heroes or hysterics? A brief overview with questions and discussion. Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology, 27, 84-91.
4. BOERSMA, P. (1993). Accurate short-term analysis of the fundamental frequency and the harmonics-to-noise ratio of a sampled sound. Proceedings of the Institute of Phonetic Sciences of the University of Amsterdam, 17, 97-110.
5. BORCH, D. Z., SUNDBERG, J., LINDESTAD, P. A., & THALEN, M. (2004).Vocal fold vibration and voice source aperiodicity in 'dist' tones: A study of a timbral ornament in rock singing. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 29, 147-153.
6. BOUISSET, S., & ZATTARA, M. (1981). A sequence of postural adjustments precedes voluntary movement. Neuroscience Letters, 22, 263-270.
7. CHOLEWICKI, J., JULURU, K., RADEBOLD, A., PANJABI, M. M., & MCGILL, S. M. (1999). Lumbar spine stability can be augmented with an abdominal belt and/or increased intraabdominal pressure. European Spine Journal, 8, 388-395.
8. CHOLEWICKI, J., & MCGILL, S. M. (1996).Mechanical stability of the in vivo lumbar spine: Implications for injury and chronic low back pain. Clinical Biomechanics, 11, 1-15.
9. CRESSWELL, A. G., ODDSSON, L., & THORSTENSSON, A. (1994). The influence of sudden perturbations on trunk muscle activity and intra-abdominal pressure while standing. Experimental Brain Research, 98, 336-341.
10. CRITCHLEY, D. J. (2002). Instructing pelvic floor contraction facilitates transversus abdominis contraction during low abdominal hollowing. Physiotherapy Research International, 7, 66-75.
11. DANIEL, P., & WEBER, R. (1997). Psychoacoustical roughness: Implementation of an optimized model. Acustica, 83, 113-123.
12. DUGATKIN, L. A., & OHLSEN, S. R. (1990). Contrasting asymmetries in value expectation and resource holding power-Effects on attack behaviour and dominance in the pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus. Animal Behaviour, 39, 802-804.
13. EISENBERG, N., SMITH, C. L., SADOVSKY, A., & SPINRAD, T. L. (2004). Effortful control: Relations with emotion regulation, adjustment, and socialization in childhood. In R. F. Baumeister, & K. D.Vohs (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation: Research, theory, and applications (pp. 259-282).New York: Guilford.
14. ESLING, J. H. (1996). Pharyngeal consonants and the aryepiglottic sphincter. Journal of International Phonetics Association, 26, 65-88.
15. FITCH, W. T. (1997).Vocal tract length and formant frequency dispersion correlate with body size in rhesus macaques. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 102, 1213-1222.
16. FITCH, W. T., & HAUSER, M. D. (2003). Unpacking "honesty": Vertebrate vocal production and the evolution of acoustic signals. In A. Simmons, R. R. Fay, & A. N. Popper (Eds.), Acoustic communication (pp. 65-137). New York: Springer.
17. FITCH, W. T., NEUBAUER, J., & HERZEL, H. (2002). Calls out of chaos: The adaptive significance of nonlinear phenomena in mammalian vocal production. Animal Behaviour, 63, 407-418.
18. FITCH, W. T., & REBY, D. (2001). The descended larynx is not uniquely human. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, 268, 1669-1675.
19. GABRIELSSON, A., & JUSLIN, P. N. (1996). Emotional expression in music performance: Between the performer's intention and the listener's experience. Psychology of Music, 24, 68-91.
20. GALLESE, V., KEYSERS, C., & RIZZOLATTI, G. (2004). A unifying view of the basis of social cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 396-403.
21. GIBIAT, V., & CASTELLENGO, M. (2000). Period doubling occurrences in wind instruments musical performance. Acustica, 86, 746-754.
22. GREEN, G. (1989). Psycho-behavioral characteristics of children with vocal nodules: WPBIC ratings. Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders, 54, 306-312.
23. HALPERN, A. R., & ZATORRE, R. J. (1999).When that tune runs through your head: a PET investigation of auditory imagery for familiar melodies. Cerebral Cortex, 9, 697-704.
24. HELMHOLTZ, H. L. F. VON (1885/1954). On the sensations of tone as a physiological basis for the theory of music (A. J. Ellis, Trans. of the 1877 German edition). New York: Dover.
25. HODGES, P.W., ERIKSSON, A. E., SHIRLEY, D., & GANDEVIA, S. C. (2005). Intra-abdominal pressure increases stiffness of the lumbar spine. Journal of Biomechanics, 38, 1873-1880.
26. HODGES, P.W., KAIGLE HOLM, A., HOLM, S., EKSTROM, L., CRESSWELL, A., HANSSON, T., & THORSTENSSON, A. (2003). Intervertebral stiffness of the spine is increased by evoked contraction of transversus abdominis and the diaphragm: In vivo porcine studies. Spine, 28, 2594-2601.
27. HODGES, P.W., & RICHARDSON, C. A. (1997). Contraction of the abdominal muscles associated with movement of the lower limb. Physical Therapy, 77, 132-142.
28. JOHNSTONE, T., & SCHERER, K. R. (2000).Vocal communication of emotion. In M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (2nd ed., pp. 220-235). New York: Guilford Press.
29. JUSLIN, P. N. (2001). Communicating emotion in music performance: A review and a theoretical framework. In P. N. Juslin & J. A. Sloboda (Eds.), Music and emotion: Theory and research (pp. 309-337). New York: Oxford University Press.
30. JUSLIN, P. N., & LAUKKA, P. (2003). Communication of emotions in vocal expression and music performance: Different channels, same code? Psychological Bulletin, 129, 770-814.
31. JUST, W., & MORRIS, M. R. (2003). The Napoleon complex: Why smaller males pick fights. Evolutionary Ecology, 17, 509-522.
32. KERNFELD, B. (2002). Growl. In B. Kernfeld (Ed.), New Grove dictionary of jazz (2nd ed., p. 455). New York: Grove's Dictionaries Inc.
33. KEYSERS, C., & GAZZOLA, V. (2007). Integrating simulation and theory of mind: from self to social cognition. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 194-196.
34. KOELSCH, S., FRITZ, T., VON CRAMON, D. Y., MULLER, K., & FRIEDERICI, A. D. (2006). Investigating emotion with music: An fMRI study. Human Brain Mapping, 27, 239-250.
35. LEINONEN, L., LAAKSO, M. L., CARLSON, S., & LINNANKOSKI, I. (2003). Shared means and meanings in vocal expression of man and macaque. Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology, 28, 53-61.
36. LINDESTAD, P. A., SODERSTEN, M., MERKER, B., & GRANQVIST, S. (2001). Voice source characteristics in Mongolian "throat singing" studied with high-speed imaging technique, acoustic spectra, and inverse filtering. Journal of Voice, 15, 78-85.
37. MAZO, M., ERICSON, D., & HARVERY, T. (1995). Emotion and expression: Temporal data on voice quality in Russian lament. In O. Fujimura & M. Hirano (Eds.), Vocal fold physiology: Voice quality control (pp. 173-187). San Diego: Singular.
38. MCHUGH-MUNIER, C., SCHERER, K. R., LEHMANN, W., & SCHERER, U. (1997). Coping strategies, personality, and voice quality in patients with vocal fold nodules and polyps. Journal of Voice, 11, 452-461.
39. MOLNAR-SZAKACS, I., & OVERY, K. (2006).Music and mirror neurons: From motion to 'e'motion. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 1, 235-241.
40. MORRELL, L. J., LINDSTRÖM, J., & RUXTON, G. D. (2005). Why are small males aggressive? The Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 272, 1235-1241.
41. MORTON, E. S. (1977). On the occurrence and significance of motivation-structural rules in some birds and mammal sounds. American Naturalist, 111, 855-869.
42. MOSES, P. J. (1954). The voice of neurosis. New York: Grune & Stratton.
43. NEGUS, V. E. (1949). The comparative anatomy and physiology of the larynx. New York: Hafner Publishing Company.
44. NEUBAUER, J., EDGERTON, M., & HERZEL, H. (2004).Nonlinear phenomena in contemporary vocal music. Journal of Voice, 18, 1-12.
45. PLOMP, R., & LEVELT, W. J. M. (1965). Tonal consonance and critical bandwidth. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 38, 548-560.
46. PRESSNITZER, D., MCADAMS, S., WINSBERG, S., & FINEBERG, J. (2000). Perception of musical tension for non-tonal orchestral timbres and its relation to psychoacoustic roughness. Perception and Psychophysics, 62, 66-80.
47. RIEDE, T., & FITCH, T. (1999).Vocal tract length and acoustics of vocalization in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). Journal of Experimental Biology, 202, 2859-2867.
48. RIEDE, T., HERZEL, H., HAMMERSCHMIDT, K., BRUNNBERG, L., & TEMBROCK, G. (2001). The harmonic-to-noise ratio applied to dog barks. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 110, 2191-2197.
49. RISSET, J.-C., & WESSEL, D. L. (1999). Exploration of timbre by analysis and synthesis. In D. Deutsch (Ed.), The psychology of music (2nd ed., pp. 113-169). San Diego: Academic Press.
50. ROTHBART, M. K. (1989). Temperament and development. In G. A. Kohnstamm, J. E. Bates, & M. K. Rothbart (Eds.), Temperament in childhood (pp. 187-247). New York:Wiley.
51. ROY, N., BLESS, D. M., & HEISEY, D. (2000). Personality and voice disorders: A multitrait-multidisorder analysis. Journal of Voice, 14, 521-548.
52. SAKAKIBARA, K. I., FUKS, L., IMAGAWA, H., & TAYAMA, N. I. (2004, March-April). Growl voice in pop and ethnic styles. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Musical Acoustics, Nara, Japan.
53. SANGILD, T. (2004).Noise-Three musical gestures: Expressionist, introvert and minimal noise. Journal of Music and Meaning, 2, sec. 4.1. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from http://www.musicandmeaning.net/issues/showArticle.php?artID?2.4
54. SEARCY, W. A., & NOWICKI, S. (2005). The evolution of animal communication: Reliability and deception in signaling systems. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
55. TEYHEN, D. S., RIEGER, J. L., WESTRICK, R. B., MILLER, A. C., MOLLOY, J. M., & CHILDS, J. D. (2008). Changes in deep abdominal muscle thickness during common trunkstrengthening exercises using ultrasound imaging. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 38, 596-605.
56. TINBERGEN, N. (1952). Derived activities: their causation, biological significance, origin and emancipation during evolution. Quarterly Review of Biology, 27, 1-32.
57. TSAI, C. G. (2005). Chaotic behavior of performers' vocalizations: An interdisciplinary study of growl voices (in Chinese). Taipei Theatre Journal, 2, 39-62.
58. TSAI, C. G. (2006). Inharmonic sounds of bowed strings in Western music and Beijing opera. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 120, 3119-3120.
59. VASSILAKIS, P. N. (2005). Auditory roughness as means of musical expression. Selected Reports in Ethnomusicology, 12, 119-144.
60. WALSER, R. (1993). Running with the devil: Power, gender and madness in heavy metal music. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England.
61. WILKOWSKI, B. M., & ROBINSON, M. D. (2008). The cognitive basis of trait anger and reactive aggression: An integrative analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 12, 3-21.