메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 272, Issue 1569, 2005, Pages 1235-1241

Why are small males aggressive?

Author keywords

Aggression; Fighting; Game theory; Napoleon complex

Indexed keywords

AGGRESSION; FIGHTING; GAME THEORY; PERCEPTION;

EID: 24044538587     PISSN: 09628452     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2005.3085     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (61)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0030424022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflict outcome in male green swordtail fish dyads (Xiphophorus helleri): Interaction of body size, prior dominance/subordination experience, and prior residency
    • Beaugrand, J. P., Payette, D. & Goulet, C. 1996 Conflict outcome in male green swordtail fish dyads (Xiphophorus helleri): interaction of body size, prior dominance/subordination experience, and prior residency. Behaviour 133, 303-319.
    • (1996) Behaviour , vol.133 , pp. 303-319
    • Beaugrand, J.P.1    Payette, D.2    Goulet, C.3
  • 2
    • 0017858766 scopus 로고
    • Size-dependent dominance hierarchy in the anemone Actinia equine
    • Brace, R. C. & Pavey, J. 1978 Size-dependent dominance hierarchy in the anemone Actinia equine. Nature 273, 752-753.
    • (1978) Nature , vol.273 , pp. 752-753
    • Brace, R.C.1    Pavey, J.2
  • 4
    • 0033389627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A test of the sequential assessment game: The effect of increased cost of sampling
    • Brick, O. 1999 A test of the sequential assessment game: the effect of increased cost of sampling. Behav. Ecol. 10, 726-732.
    • (1999) Behav. Ecol. , vol.10 , pp. 726-732
    • Brick, O.1
  • 5
    • 0034697630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hawks, doves, and mixed-symmetry games
    • Crowley, P. H. 2000 Hawks, doves, and mixed-symmetry games. J. Theor. Biol. 204, 543-563.
    • (2000) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.204 , pp. 543-563
    • Crowley, P.H.1
  • 6
    • 0000853992 scopus 로고
    • Owners and satellites: The economics of territory defence in the pied wagtail, Motacilla alba
    • Davies, N. B. & Houston, A. I. 1981 Owners and satellites: the economics of territory defence in the pied wagtail, Motacilla alba. J. Anim. Ecol. 50, 157-180.
    • (1981) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.50 , pp. 157-180
    • Davies, N.B.1    Houston, A.I.2
  • 7
    • 0017224015 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the behavior of cyprinodont fish III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger)
    • Dow, M., Ewing, A. W. & Sutherland, I. 1976 Studies on the behavior of cyprinodont fish III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger). Behaviour 59, 252-268.
    • (1976) Behaviour , vol.59 , pp. 252-268
    • Dow, M.1    Ewing, A.W.2    Sutherland, I.3
  • 8
    • 0001009249 scopus 로고
    • Shell wars 2: The influence of relative size on decisions made during hermit crab shell fights
    • Dowds, B. M. & Elwood, R. W. 1985 Shell wars 2: the influence of relative size on decisions made during hermit crab shell fights. Anim. Behav. 33, 649-656.
    • (1985) Anim. Behav. , vol.33 , pp. 649-656
    • Dowds, B.M.1    Elwood, R.W.2
  • 9
    • 0001175386 scopus 로고
    • Contrasting asymmetries in value expectation and resource holding power-effects on attack behaviour and dominance in the pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus
    • Dugatkin, L. A. & Ohlsen, S. R. 1990 Contrasting asymmetries in value expectation and resource holding power-effects on attack behaviour and dominance in the pumpkinseed sunfish, Lepomis gibbosus. Anim. Behav. 39, 802-804.
    • (1990) Anim. Behav. , vol.39 , pp. 802-804
    • Dugatkin, L.A.1    Ohlsen, S.R.2
  • 10
    • 85005583759 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of fighting ability in the cichlid fish Nannacara anomala
    • Enquist, M. & Jakobsson, S. 1986 Assessment of fighting ability in the cichlid fish Nannacara anomala. Ethology 72, 143-153.
    • (1986) Ethology , vol.72 , pp. 143-153
    • Enquist, M.1    Jakobsson, S.2
  • 11
    • 0020620683 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of fighting behaviour, decision rules and assessment of relative strength
    • Enquist, M. & Leimar, O. 1983 Evolution of fighting behaviour, decision rules and assessment of relative strength. J. Theor. Biol. 102, 387-410.
    • (1983) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.102 , pp. 387-410
    • Enquist, M.1    Leimar, O.2
  • 12
    • 0035930013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple asymmetry and concord resolutions of a conflict
    • Eshel, I. & Sansone, E. 2001 Multiple asymmetry and concord resolutions of a conflict. J. Theor. Biol. 213, 209-222.
    • (2001) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.213 , pp. 209-222
    • Eshel, I.1    Sansone, E.2
  • 13
    • 58149367837 scopus 로고
    • The logic of divisively asymmetric contests-respect for ownership and the desperado effect
    • Grafen, A. 1987 The logic of divisively asymmetric contests-respect for ownership and the desperado effect. Anim. Behav. 35, 462-467.
    • (1987) Anim. Behav. , vol.35 , pp. 462-467
    • Grafen, A.1
  • 14
    • 0030618880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The energetic costs of fighting in the house cricket, Acheta domesticus L.
    • Hack, M. A. 1997 The energetic costs of fighting in the house cricket, Acheta domesticus L. Behav. Ecol. 8, 28-36.
    • (1997) Behav. Ecol. , vol.8 , pp. 28-36
    • Hack, M.A.1
  • 15
    • 4344717477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on encounters between male crab spiders
    • Hu, H. H. & Morse, D. H. 2004 The effect of age on encounters between male crab spiders. Behav. Ecol. 15, 883-888.
    • (2004) Behav. Ecol. , vol.15 , pp. 883-888
    • Hu, H.H.1    Morse, D.H.2
  • 17
    • 0032554828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conventional signalling in aggressive interactions: The importance of temporal structure
    • Hurd, P. L. & Enquist, M. 1998 Conventional signalling in aggressive interactions: the importance of temporal structure. J. Theor. Biol. 192, 197-211.
    • (1998) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.192 , pp. 197-211
    • Hurd, P.L.1    Enquist, M.2
  • 18
    • 0026054332 scopus 로고
    • Why do winners keep winning?
    • Jackson, W. M. 1991 Why do winners keep winning? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 28, 271-276.
    • (1991) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.28 , pp. 271-276
    • Jackson, W.M.1
  • 19
    • 17544384267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residency and size affect fight duration and outcome in the fiddler crab Uca annulipes
    • Jennions, M. D. & Backwell, P. R. Y. 1996 Residency and size affect fight duration and outcome in the fiddler crab Uca annulipes. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 57, 293-306.
    • (1996) Biol. J. Linn. Soc. , vol.57 , pp. 293-306
    • Jennions, M.D.1    Backwell, P.R.Y.2
  • 20
    • 0036487982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residence duration influences the outcome of territorial conflicts in brown trout (Salmo trutta)
    • Johnsson, J. I. & Forser, A. 2002 Residence duration influences the outcome of territorial conflicts in brown trout (Salmo trutta). Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 51, 282-286.
    • (2002) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.51 , pp. 282-286
    • Johnsson, J.I.1    Forser, A.2
  • 21
    • 0346963153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Napoleon complex: Why smaller males pick fights
    • Just, W. & Morris, M. R. 2003 The Napoleon complex: why smaller males pick fights. Evol. Ecol. 17, 509-522.
    • (2003) Evol. Ecol. , vol.17 , pp. 509-522
    • Just, W.1    Morris, M.R.2
  • 22
    • 0000681790 scopus 로고
    • Asymmetries in the expected value of food do not predict the outcome of contests between convict cichlids
    • Keeley, E. R. & Grant, J. W. A. 1993 Asymmetries in the expected value of food do not predict the outcome of contests between convict cichlids. Anim. Behav. 45, 1035-1037.
    • (1993) Anim. Behav. , vol.45 , pp. 1035-1037
    • Keeley, E.R.1    Grant, J.W.A.2
  • 23
    • 0035026244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fighting without weaponry: A review of male-male contest competition in butterflies
    • Kemp, D. J. & Wiklund, C. 2001 Fighting without weaponry: a review of male-male contest competition in butterflies. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 49, 429-442.
    • (2001) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.49 , pp. 429-442
    • Kemp, D.J.1    Wiklund, C.2
  • 24
    • 0000075193 scopus 로고
    • The effect of asymmetries in owner-intruder conflicts
    • Leimar, O. & Enquist, M. 1984 The effect of asymmetries in owner-intruder conflicts. J. Theor. Biol. 111, 475-491.
    • (1984) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.111 , pp. 475-491
    • Leimar, O.1    Enquist, M.2
  • 25
    • 0027068408 scopus 로고
    • The effect of resource holding potential, nest size and information about resource quality in the outcome of intruder-owner conflicts in the sand goby
    • Lindström, K. 1992 The effect of resource holding potential, nest size and information about resource quality in the outcome of intruder-owner conflicts in the sand goby. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 30, 53-58.
    • (1992) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.30 , pp. 53-58
    • Lindström, K.1
  • 26
    • 0035182894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escalated fighting despite predictors of conflict outcome: Solving the paradox in a South American cichlid fish
    • Maan, M. E., Groothuis, T. G. G. & Wittenberg, J. 2001 Escalated fighting despite predictors of conflict outcome: solving the paradox in a South American cichlid fish. Anim. Behav. 62, 623-634.
    • (2001) Anim. Behav. , vol.62 , pp. 623-634
    • Maan, M.E.1    Groothuis, T.G.G.2    Wittenberg, J.3
  • 27
    • 0025206099 scopus 로고
    • Escalated damselfly territorial contests are energetic wars of attrition
    • Marden, J. H. & Waage, J. K. 1990 Escalated damselfly territorial contests are energetic wars of attrition. Anim. Behav. 39, 954-959.
    • (1990) Anim. Behav. , vol.39 , pp. 954-959
    • Marden, J.H.1    Waage, J.K.2
  • 29
    • 0017250517 scopus 로고
    • The logic of asymmetric contests
    • Maynard Smith, J. & Parker, G. A. 1976 The logic of asymmetric contests. Anim. Behav. 24, 159-175.
    • (1976) Anim. Behav. , vol.24 , pp. 159-175
    • Maynard Smith, J.1    Parker, G.A.2
  • 30
    • 34548719708 scopus 로고
    • The logic of animal conflict
    • Maynard Smith, J. & Price, G. R. 1973 The logic of animal conflict. Nature 246, 15-18.
    • (1973) Nature , vol.246 , pp. 15-18
    • Maynard Smith, J.1    Price, G.R.2
  • 31
    • 0028165501 scopus 로고
    • The hawk-dove game revisited-effects of continuous variation in resource-holding potential on the frequency of escalation
    • Mesterton-Gibbons, M. 1994 The hawk-dove game revisited-effects of continuous variation in resource-holding potential on the frequency of escalation. Evol. Ecol. 8, 230-247.
    • (1994) Evol. Ecol. , vol.8 , pp. 230-247
    • Mesterton-Gibbons, M.1
  • 32
    • 0242393694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aggression and RHP in the northern swordtail fish, Xiphophorus cortezi: The relationship between size and contest dynamics in male-male competition
    • Moretz, J. A. 2003 Aggression and RHP in the northern swordtail fish, Xiphophorus cortezi: the relationship between size and contest dynamics in male-male competition. Ethology 109, 995-1008.
    • (2003) Ethology , vol.109 , pp. 995-1008
    • Moretz, J.A.1
  • 33
    • 17644420762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bridging the gap between mechanistic and adaptive explanations of territory formation
    • Morrell, L. J. & Kokko, H. 2005 Bridging the gap between mechanistic and adaptive explanations of territory formation. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 57, 381-390.
    • (2005) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.57 , pp. 381-390
    • Morrell, L.J.1    Kokko, H.2
  • 34
    • 0028995278 scopus 로고
    • Assessment and individual recognition of opponents in the pygmy swordtails Xiphophorus nigrensis and Xiphophorus multilineatus
    • Morris, M. R., Gass, L. & Ryan, M. J. 1995 Assessment and individual recognition of opponents in the pygmy swordtails Xiphophorus nigrensis and Xiphophorus multilineatus. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 37, 303-310.
    • (1995) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.37 , pp. 303-310
    • Morris, M.R.1    Gass, L.2    Ryan, M.J.3
  • 35
    • 0032055929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proximate costs of fighting in male cichlid fish: The role of injuries and energy metabolism
    • Neat, F. C., Taylor, A. C. & Huntingford, F. A. 1998 Proximate costs of fighting in male cichlid fish: the role of injuries and energy metabolism. Anim. Behav. 55, 875-882.
    • (1998) Anim. Behav. , vol.55 , pp. 875-882
    • Neat, F.C.1    Taylor, A.C.2    Huntingford, F.A.3
  • 36
    • 0016290334 scopus 로고
    • Assessment strategy and the evolution of fighting behaviour
    • Parker, G. A. 1974 Assessment strategy and the evolution of fighting behaviour. J. Theor. Biol. 47, 223-243.
    • (1974) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.47 , pp. 223-243
    • Parker, G.A.1
  • 37
    • 0030442324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of being larger: Parasitoid intruder-owner contests and their implications for clutch size
    • Petersen, G. & Hardy, I. C. W. 1996 The importance of being larger: parasitoid intruder-owner contests and their implications for clutch size. Anim. Behav. 51, 1363-1373.
    • (1996) Anim. Behav. , vol.51 , pp. 1363-1373
    • Petersen, G.1    Hardy, I.C.W.2
  • 38
    • 0037856073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The assessment game in sand fiddler crab contests for breeding burrows
    • Pratt, A. E., McLain, D. K. & Lathrop, G. R. 2003 The assessment game in sand fiddler crab contests for breeding burrows. Anim. Behav. 65, 945-955.
    • (2003) Anim. Behav. , vol.65 , pp. 945-955
    • Pratt, A.E.1    McLain, D.K.2    Lathrop, G.R.3
  • 39
    • 84990770890 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of strength and concealment of weakness in escalating fights of male swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri)
    • Ribowski, A. & Franck, D. 1993 Demonstration of strength and concealment of weakness in escalating fights of male swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri). Ethology 93, 265-274.
    • (1993) Ethology , vol.93 , pp. 265-274
    • Ribowski, A.1    Franck, D.2
  • 40
    • 0018875611 scopus 로고
    • A note of evolutionary stable strategies in animal conflicts
    • Selten, R. 1980 A note of evolutionary stable strategies in animal conflicts. J. Theor. Biol. 84, 93-101.
    • (1980) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.84 , pp. 93-101
    • Selten, R.1
  • 41
    • 0027045668 scopus 로고
    • Surplus territory contenders in male red-winged blackbirds: Where are the desperados?
    • Shutler, D. & Weatherhead, P. J. 1992 Surplus territory contenders in male red-winged blackbirds: where are the desperados? Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 31, 97-106.
    • (1992) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.31 , pp. 97-106
    • Shutler, D.1    Weatherhead, P.J.2
  • 42
    • 0028175886 scopus 로고
    • Strategic decisions during agnostic behaviour in the velvet swimming crab, Necora puber (L.)
    • Smith, I. P., Huntingford, F. A., Atkinson, R. J. A. & Taylor, A. C. 1994 Strategic decisions during agnostic behaviour in the velvet swimming crab, Necora puber (L.). Anim. Behav. 47, 885-894.
    • (1994) Anim. Behav. , vol.47 , pp. 885-894
    • Smith, I.P.1    Huntingford, F.A.2    Atkinson, R.J.A.3    Taylor, A.C.4
  • 43
    • 0031060882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why does dominance decline with age in wintering snow buntings?
    • Smith, R. D. & Metcalfe, N. B. 1997 Why does dominance decline with age in wintering snow buntings? Anim. Behav. 53, 313-322.
    • (1997) Anim. Behav. , vol.53 , pp. 313-322
    • Smith, R.D.1    Metcalfe, N.B.2
  • 44
    • 0028977549 scopus 로고
    • Territory acquisition in lizards. 3. Competing for space
    • Stamps, J. A. & Krishnan, V. V. 1995 Territory acquisition in lizards. 3. Competing for space. Anim. Behav. 49, 679-693.
    • (1995) Anim. Behav. , vol.49 , pp. 679-693
    • Stamps, J.A.1    Krishnan, V.V.2
  • 45
    • 0034793968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation and resolution of jumping spider contests: Roles for size, proximity, and early detection of rivals
    • Taylor, P. W., Hasson, O. & Clark, D. L. 2001 Initiation and resolution of jumping spider contests: roles for size, proximity, and early detection of rivals. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 50, 403-413.
    • (2001) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.50 , pp. 403-413
    • Taylor, P.W.1    Hasson, O.2    Clark, D.L.3
  • 46
    • 0014432961 scopus 로고
    • On war and peace in animals and man
    • Tinbergen, N. 1968 On war and peace in animals and man. Science 160, 1411-1418.
    • (1968) Science , vol.160 , pp. 1411-1418
    • Tinbergen, N.1
  • 47
    • 0000125598 scopus 로고
    • A problem for game theory analysis: Assessment and intention in male mouth-brooder contests
    • Turner, G. F. & Huntingford, F. A. 1986 A problem for game theory analysis: assessment and intention in male mouth-brooder contests. Anim. Behav. 34, 961-970.
    • (1986) Anim. Behav. , vol.34 , pp. 961-970
    • Turner, G.F.1    Huntingford, F.A.2
  • 48
    • 0000224976 scopus 로고
    • Confusion over residency and the escalation of damselfly territorial disputes
    • Waage, J. K. 1988 Confusion over residency and the escalation of damselfly territorial disputes. Anim. Behav. 36, 586-595.
    • (1988) Anim. Behav. , vol.36 , pp. 586-595
    • Waage, J.K.1
  • 49
    • 0016600034 scopus 로고
    • A description and analysis of agonistic behaviour patterns in an opisthobranch mollusc, Hermissenda crassicornis
    • Zack, S. 1975 A description and analysis of agonistic behaviour patterns in an opisthobranch mollusc, Hermissenda crassicornis. Behaviour 5, 238-267.
    • (1975) Behaviour , vol.5 , pp. 238-267
    • Zack, S.1
  • 50
    • 0016752446 scopus 로고
    • Mate selection: A selection for a handicap
    • Zahavi, A. 1975 Mate selection: a selection for a handicap. J. Theor. Biol. 53, 205-214.
    • (1975) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.53 , pp. 205-214
    • Zahavi, A.1
  • 51
    • 0017379123 scopus 로고
    • The cost of honesty (further remarks on the handicap principle)
    • Zahavi, A. 1977 The cost of honesty (further remarks on the handicap principle). J. Theor. Biol. 67, 603-605.
    • (1977) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.67 , pp. 603-605
    • Zahavi, A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.