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Herein, the term "oxidative addition" is used broadly to define the insertion of a metal complex into a covalent bond, formally involving an overall two-electron loss at the metal. However, a more rigorous term would be to describe this transformation as an "electrophilic addition", as the mechanism, most likely proceeds by a nucleophilic substitution pathway where the leaving group is not bound to the metal. See R. H. Crabtree, The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, 4th ed., Wiley, Hoboken, 2005.
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A palladium-catalyzed hydride reduction of 3,3-difluoropropenes was published during the course of our studies; see Ref. [2d]
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A palladium-catalyzed hydride reduction of 3,3-difluoropropenes was published during the course of our studies; see Ref. [2d].
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33
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Ed.: V A. Soloshonok, American Chemical Society, Washington, and the references therein (ACS Symposium Series 911)
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45
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76249120248
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Compound 1 was synthesized using a simple three-step process that could be performed on a multi-gram, scale; see the Supporting Information for experimental, details
-
Compound 1 was synthesized using a simple three-step process that could be performed on a multi-gram, scale; see the Supporting Information for experimental, details.
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-
-
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48
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76249092349
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Other solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and N, Ndimethylformamide, may be used with similar results
-
Other solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran, toluene, and N, Ndimethylformamide, may be used with similar results.
-
-
-
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49
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76249125705
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Aniline derivatives (aniline, N-methylaniline, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline) are unreactive under these conditions
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Aniline derivatives (aniline, N-methylaniline, 1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroquinoline) are unreactive under these conditions.
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50
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b) J.-F. Paquin, M. Lautens in Comprehensive Asymmetric Catalysis, supplement No. 2. (Eds.: E.N. Jacobsen, A. Pfaltz, H. Yamamoto), Springer, Berlin, 2004, pp. 73-95 and the references therein.
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1 -σ Complex, see: a) C. Amatore, A. Jutand, M. A. M'Barki, G. Meyer, L. Mottier, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem 2001, 873-880;
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0345306222
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Studies to determine the exact nature of palladium complex 14 are underway
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b)T. Cantat, E. Génin, C. Giroud, G. Meyer, A. Jutand, J. Organomet. Chem. 2003, 657, 365-376. Studies to determine the exact nature of palladium complex 14 are underway.
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Cantat, T.1
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The fluoride counter ion in complex 14 is unlikely to be "naked" and is presumably stabilized by hydrogen bonding with an amine, HF produced in the reaction and/or adventitious water. The exact nature of the fluoride ion. is not known, at present
-
The fluoride counter ion in complex 14 is unlikely to be "naked" and is presumably stabilized by hydrogen bonding with an amine, HF produced in the reaction and/or adventitious water. The exact nature of the fluoride ion. is not known, at present.
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II-F see: D. A. Watson, M. Su, G. Teverovskiy, Y. Zhang, J. García-Fortanet, T. Kinzel, S. L. Buchwald, Science 2009, 325, 1661-1664.
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Alternatively, the preference for the attack at Cl might be explained by a higher density of positive charge at the carbon of the πallyl palladium, caused by the strongly electron-withdrawing fluorine atom; see: J. Xu, X.-L. Qiu, F.-L. Qing, Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No.18.
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19 NMR spectroscopy following heating 1 with morpholine (2.5 equiv) in acetonitrile at 70° C for 16 h
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19 NMR spectroscopy following heating 1 with morpholine (2.5 equiv) in acetonitrile at 70° C for 16 h.
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