메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 63, 2010, Pages 37-54

Strategy misguided: The weak links between urban emission control measures, vehicular emissions, and public health in Guangzhou

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR QUALITY; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; EMISSION CONTROL; HEALTH RISK; POLLUTION MONITORING; POLLUTION POLICY; PUBLIC HEALTH; TRAFFIC EMISSION; URBAN POLLUTION;

EID: 75849143810     PISSN: 10670564     EISSN: 14699400     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10670560903335769     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (5)

References (133)
  • 3
    • 75849149945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial Committee of the Planning of Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region, (Beijing: China Environmental Science Press), (in Chinese)
    • Editorial Committee of the Planning of Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region, Planning of the Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region (Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2006), p. 121 (in Chinese).
    • (2006) Planning of the Environmental Protection for The Pearl River Delta Region , pp. 121
  • 4
    • 34247874099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a sustainable future
    • Note, in W. Zhou and J. Szyliowicz, eds, (Beijing: China Communication Press)
    • x emissions, 40-90% of VOC emissions and about 80-90% of CO emissions: M. Wang, Y. Jiang, D. He and H. Yang, 'Toward a sustainable future', in W. Zhou and J. Szyliowicz, eds, Energy, Environment and Transportation in China (Beijing: China Communication Press, 2005).
    • (2005) Energy, Environment and Transportation in China
    • Wang, M.1    Jiang, Y.2    He, D.3    Yang, H.4
  • 5
    • 75849146824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • Given China's vehicular production technology, road conditions, and the city's driving cycle, the emission factors for vehicles in Guangzhou are, on average, much higher than those in the west.
  • 7
    • 49349093365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in the Pearl River Delta, China: Part II
    • Y. Liu, M. Shao, S. H. Lu, C. C. Chang, J. L. Wang and L. L. Fu, 'Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in the Pearl River Delta, China: Part II', Atmospheric Environment 42, (2008).
    • (2008) Atmospheric Environment , vol.42
    • Liu, Y.1    Shao, M.2    Lu, S.H.3    Chang, C.C.4    Wang, J.L.5    Fu, L.L.6
  • 8
    • 75849149945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial Committee of the Planning of Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region
    • Editorial Committee of the Planning of Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region, Planning of the Environmental Protection for the Pearl River Delta Region, p. 122.
    • Planning of the Environmental Protection For The Pearl River Delta Region , pp. 122
  • 9
    • 75849159014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • Ibid. PM2.5 is a far more serious problem than PM10 because the former can penetrate deep into the lung tissues and cause major health hazards such as heart disease, altered lung function and lung cancer.
  • 10
  • 11
    • 75849118075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shenzhen has recorded
    • Note
    • For instance, in 2001, only 56 days out of the year were categorized as smoggy in Guangzhou. Three years later, in 2004, this statistic reached its peak at 142 before tapering off slightly at 131 in 2007. Shenzhen has recorded, among all the cities in the region, the highest number of days with smoggy conditions, at 231, in 2007.
  • 12
    • 75849144485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opinion poll on environmental protection in Guangzhou: Vehicle emission is the worst kind of air pollution
    • (21 June), (accessed 26 March 2008) (in Chinese)
    • 'Opinion poll on environmental protection in Guangzhou: vehicle emission is the worst kind of air pollution', New Express [Xinkuai Bao], (21 June 2003), available at: http://www.gzepb.gov.cn/was40/detail?record=511andChanneled=5785andback=-5 (accessed 26 March 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2003) New Express [xinkuai Bao]
  • 13
    • 75849155237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 70% of citizens worried about vehicular emission
    • In fact, between 2001 and 2005, the public in Guangzhou have consistently rated vehicular emissions at the top of their environmental concerns, (3 August), (accessed 26 March 2008) (in Chinese)
    • In fact, between 2001 and 2005, the public in Guangzhou have consistently rated vehicular emissions at the top of their environmental concerns: '70% of citizens worried about vehicular emission', Jinyang Wang, (3 August 2005), available at: http://www.ycwb.com/gb/content/2005-08/03/content_953405.htm (accessed 26 March 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2005) Jinyang Wang
  • 14
    • 75849131383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • Moreover, while only 48.3% of those surveyed in 2001 said that they were worried about the health impacts of vehicular emission pollution, that figure steadily rose to 66.5% by 2004:
  • 16
    • 75849123825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vehicular emission control policy in Guangzhou: An analysis
    • (in Chinese)
    • X. Chen, 'Vehicular emission control policy in Guangzhou: an analysis', Environment 8, (2003) (in Chinese).
    • (2003) Environment , vol.8
    • Chen, X.1
  • 19
    • 84937295739 scopus 로고
    • The implementation gap in environmental management in China: The case of Guangzhou, Zhengzhou, and Nanjing
    • H. S. Chan, K. K. Wong, K. C. Cheung and J. M. K. Lo, 'The implementation gap in environmental management in China: the case of Guangzhou, Zhengzhou, and Nanjing', Public Administration Review 55(4), (1995).
    • (1995) Public Administration Review , vol.55 , Issue.4
    • Chan, H.S.1    Wong, K.K.2    Cheung, K.C.3    Lo, J.M.K.4
  • 21
    • 0032342322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the front lines of welfare delivery: Are workers implementing policy reforms?
    • M. Meyers, B. Glaser and K. MacDonald, 'On the front lines of welfare delivery: are workers implementing policy reforms?', Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 17(1), (1998).
    • (1998) Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , vol.17 , Issue.1
    • Meyers, M.1    Glaser, B.2    Macdonald, K.3
  • 23
    • 0041193226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Street-level bureaucrats and the social construction of environmental control'
    • S. Fineman, 'Street-level bureaucrats and the social construction of environmental control', Organization Studies 19, (1998).
    • (1998) Organization Studies , pp. 19
    • Fineman, S.1
  • 25
    • 0026475688 scopus 로고
    • Conditions for environmental policy success: An international comparison
    • M. Janicke, 'Conditions for environmental policy success: an international comparison', The Environmentalist 12(1), (1992).
    • (1992) The Environmentalist , vol.12 , Issue.1
    • Janicke, M.1
  • 26
    • 0005218452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing public programs
    • in J. L. Perry, ed., (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass)
    • L. J. O'Toole, 'Implementing public programs', in J. L. Perry, ed., Handbook of Public Administration (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1996).
    • (1996) Handbook of Public Administration
    • O'Toole, L.J.1
  • 28
    • 84925920899 scopus 로고
    • A theory of regulatory enforcement
    • C. Diver, 'A theory of regulatory enforcement', Public Policy 28, (1980).
    • (1980) Public Policy , pp. 28
    • Diver, C.1
  • 29
    • 75849156126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Street-level bureaucrats and the social construction of environmental control
    • Hawkins, Environment and Enforcement, Fineman, 'Street-level bureaucrats and the social construction of environmental control'.
    • Hawkins, E.1    Enforcement, F.2
  • 31
    • 0037943050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Agency governance and enforcement: The influence of mission on environmental decisionmaking'
    • J. Firestone, 'Agency governance and enforcement: the influence of mission on environmental decisionmaking', Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 21(3), (2002).
    • (2002) Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , vol.21 , Issue.3
    • Firestone, J.1
  • 32
    • 75849146288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the front lines of welfare delivery
    • Meyers et al., 'On the front lines of welfare delivery'.
    • Meyers1
  • 34
    • 0036483961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy, principle, and practice in industrial pollution control: Views from the regulatory interface
    • J. P. Richards, G. A. Glegg, A. Cullinane and H. E. Wallace, 'Policy, principle, and practice in industrial pollution control: views from the regulatory interface', Environmental Management 29, (2002).
    • (2002) Environmental Management , pp. 29
    • Richards, J.P.1    Glegg, G.A.2    Cullinane, A.3    Wallace, H.E.4
  • 35
    • 84935656023 scopus 로고
    • G. Schramm and J. J. Warford, eds., (Baltimore, MD: The John Hopkins University Press)
    • G. Schramm and J. J. Warford, eds. Environmental Management and Economic Development (Baltimore, MD: The John Hopkins University Press, 1989).
    • (1989) Environmental Management and Economic Development
  • 38
    • 0242542412 scopus 로고
    • World Bank, (New York: Oxford University Press)
    • World Bank, World Development Report (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992).
    • (1992) World Development Report
  • 42
    • 0028159176 scopus 로고
    • 'Environmental impact assessment in the Philippines: Progress, problems, and directions for the future'
    • W. A. Ross, 'Environmental impact assessment in the Philippines: progress, problems, and directions for the future', Environmental Impact Assessment Review 14(3), (1994).
    • (1994) Environmental Impact Assessment Review , vol.14 , Issue.3
    • Ross, W.A.1
  • 45
    • 0033402991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The political economy of environmental regulation in India
    • D. Struligross, 'The political economy of environmental regulation in India', Pacific Affairs 72, (1999).
    • (1999) Pacific Affairs , pp. 72
    • Struligross, D.1
  • 46
    • 0030404250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries: Evidence from Indonesia
    • S. Pargal and D. Wheeler, 'Informal regulation of industrial pollution in developing countries: evidence from Indonesia', The Journal of Political Economy 104, (1996).
    • (1996) The Journal of Political Economy , pp. 104
    • Pargal, S.1    Wheeler, D.2
  • 48
    • 0034052093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Environmental enforcement and small industries in India: Reworking the problem in the poverty context'
    • N. Dasgupta, 'Environmental enforcement and small industries in India: reworking the problem in the poverty context', World Development 28, (2000).
    • (2000) World Development , pp. 28
    • Dasgupta, N.1
  • 50
    • 0003478365 scopus 로고
    • World Bank, (Washington, DC: Oxford University Press)
    • World Bank, World Development Report (Washington, DC: Oxford University Press, 1995).
    • (1995) World Development Report
  • 51
    • 75849151226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • This problem is also prevalent in environmental risk management in China: L. Zhang and L. J. Zhong, 'Integrating and prioritizing environmental risks in China's risk management discourse', in this special issue.
  • 52
    • 0032010709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultural influences on implementing environmental impact assessment: Insights from Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia
    • J. Boyle, 'Cultural influences on implementing environmental impact assessment: insights from Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia', Environmental Impact Assessment Review 18, (1998).
    • (1998) Environmental Impact Assessment Review , pp. 18
    • Boyle, J.1
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0034952480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EA legislation and practice in Central and Eastern Europe and the former USSR: A comparative analysis
    • A. Cherp, 'EA legislation and practice in Central and Eastern Europe and the former USSR: a comparative analysis', Environmental Impact Assessment Review 21, (2001).
    • (2001) Environmental Impact Assessment Review , pp. 21
    • Cherp, A.1
  • 55
    • 0037783366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capacity building for ecological modernization: Lessons from cross-national research
    • H. Weidner, 'Capacity building for ecological modernization: lessons from cross-national research', Amercian Behavioral Scientist 45(9), (2002).
    • (2002) Amercian Behavioral Scientist , vol.45 , Issue.9
    • Weidner, H.1
  • 56
    • 0001682324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do networks really work? A framework for evaluating public-sector organization networks
    • K. Provan and B. Milward, 'Do networks really work? A framework for evaluating public-sector organization networks', Public Administration Review 61, (2001).
    • (2001) Public Administration Review , pp. 61
    • Provan, K.1    Milward, B.2
  • 57
    • 84965644357 scopus 로고
    • The implementation of environmental policy in China: A comparative perspective
    • L. Ross, 'The implementation of environmental policy in China: a comparative perspective', Administration and Society 15(4), (1984).
    • (1984) Administration and Society , vol.15 , Issue.4
    • Ross, L.1
  • 58
    • 0004135440 scopus 로고
    • (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press)
    • L. Ross, Environmental Policy in China (Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1988).
    • (1988) Environmental Policy in China
    • Ross, L.1
  • 59
    • 0003488479 scopus 로고
    • D. M. Lampton, ed., (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press)
    • D. M. Lampton, ed., Policy Implementation in Post-Mao China (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1987).
    • (1987) Policy Implementation in Post-Mao China
  • 61
    • 0031420686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contradictory impact of reform on environmental protection in China
    • A. R. Jahiel, 'The contradictory impact of reform on environmental protection in China', The China Quarterly 149, (1997).
    • (1997) The China Quarterly , pp. 149
    • Jahiel, A.R.1
  • 62
    • 0035128482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental policy implementation in rural China: A case study of Yuhang, Zhejiang
    • K. E. Swanson, R. G. Kuhn and X. Wei, 'Environmental policy implementation in rural China: a case study of Yuhang, Zhejiang', Environmental Management 27(4), (2001).
    • (2001) Environmental Management , vol.27 , Issue.4
    • Swanson, K.E.1    Kuhn, R.G.2    Wei, X.3
  • 63
    • 12244279086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public participation and environmental impact assessment in Mainland China, Taiwan: Political foundations of environmental management
    • S. Y. Tang, C. P. Tang and C. W. H. Lo, 'Public participation and environmental impact assessment in Mainland China, Taiwan: political foundations of environmental management', The Journal of Development Studies 41(1), (2005).
    • (2005) The Journal of Development Studies , vol.41 , Issue.1
    • Tang, S.Y.1    Tang, C.P.2    Lo, C.W.H.3
  • 64
    • 75849121152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The implementation gap in environmental management in China
    • Chan et al., 'The implementation gap in environmental management in China'.
    • Chan1
  • 67
    • 0037286586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Enforcement styles, organizational commitment, and enforcement effectiveness: An empirical study of local environmental protection officials in urban China'
    • S. Y. Tang, C. W. H. Lo and G. E. Fryxell, 'Enforcement styles, organizational commitment, and enforcement effectiveness: an empirical study of local environmental protection officials in urban China', Environment and Planning A 35(1), (2003).
    • (2003) Environment and Planning A , vol.35 , Issue.1
    • Tang, S.Y.1    Lo, C.W.H.2    Fryxell, G.E.3
  • 68
    • 20444443339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Existing problems and countermeasures in current environmental administrative enforcement
    • (in Chinese)
    • B. Q. Yang, W. B. Yu, S. Y. Chen, H. Chen and Y. F. Lu, 'Existing problems and countermeasures in current environmental administrative enforcement', China Environmental Management no. 3, (1999) (in Chinese).
    • (1999) China Environmental Management , Issue.3
    • Yang, B.Q.1    Yu, W.B.2    Chen, S.Y.3    Chen, H.4    Lu, Y.F.5
  • 69
    • 0347034531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing Chinese environmental law through enforcement
    • in J. F. Chen, Y. W. Li and J. M. Otto, eds, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International)
    • B. Rooij, 'Implementing Chinese environmental law through enforcement', in J. F. Chen, Y. W. Li and J. M. Otto, eds, Implementation of Law in the People's Republic of China (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2002), pp. 149-178.
    • (2002) Implementation of Law in the People's Republic of China , pp. 149-178
    • Rooij, B.1
  • 71
    • 33746725874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Effective environmental regulation with little effect: The antecedent of the perceptions of environment officials on enforcement effectiveness in China'
    • C. W. H. Lo, G. E. Fryxell and W. W. H. Wong, 'Effective environmental regulation with little effect: the antecedent of the perceptions of environment officials on enforcement effectiveness in China', Environmental Management 38(3), (2006).
    • (2006) Environmental Management , vol.38 , Issue.3
    • Lo, C.W.H.1    Fryxell, G.E.2    Wong, W.W.H.3
  • 73
    • 75849119858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective environmental regulation with little effect
    • Lo et al., 'Effective environmental regulation with little effect'.
    • Lo1
  • 77
    • 75849156612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • The mismatch between policy and problem may also be due to the emergence of a new policy perspective of problem solving. Most notably, the widespread adoption of 'sustainable development' as an overarching policy orientation for environmental protection efforts has made the control-and-remedy based regulatory regime ill-suited to tackle the newly defined environmental problems:
  • 79
    • 75849137906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • For example, in countries undergoing rapid urbanization, the replacement of the industrial sector by the domestic sector as the major source of wastewater may render the industry-oriented pollution control regulations ineffective or even irrelevant in the overall attempt to control and reduce water pollution:
  • 81
    • 75849131884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • This problem is also found in China's environmental risk management sector. In particular, the traditional risk assessment and management approaches designed to deal with the risks of an earlier time have failed to cope with the increasing complexity of newly emerging risks and their changing social context: Zhang and Zhong, 'Integrating and prioritizing environmental risks in China's risk management'.
  • 83
    • 51949085300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of air pollution on residents' health in Chinese cities
    • (in Chinese)
    • M. X. Han and H. M. Guo, 'Impact of air pollution on residents' health in Chinese cities', City Planning Review 30(6), (2006) (in Chinese).
    • (2006) City Planning Review , vol.30 , Issue.6
    • Han, M.X.1    Guo, H.M.2
  • 84
    • 2342655127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China
    • B. H. Chen, C. J. Hong and H. D. Kan, 'Exposures and health outcomes from outdoor air pollutants in China', Toxicology 198, (2004).
    • (2004) Toxicology , pp. 198
    • Chen, B.H.1    Hong, C.J.2    Kan, H.D.3
  • 85
    • 0032442158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Air pollution and its health effects in Beijing'
    • X. P. Xu, L. H. Wang and T. H. Niu, 'Air pollution and its health effects in Beijing', Ecosystem Health 4(4), (1998).
    • (1998) Ecosystem Health , vol.4 , Issue.4
    • Xu, X.P.1    Wang, L.H.2    Niu, T.H.3
  • 87
    • 75849146554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guangzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, (accessed 12 April 2008) (in Chinese)
    • Guangzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, The Eleventh Five Year Plan for Guangzhou's Environmental Protection (2006), available at: http://www.gzepb.gov.cn/hjgl/xmygh/gh/200702/t20070201_46543.htm (accessed 12 April 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2006) The Eleventh Five Year Plan For Guangzhou's Environmental Protection
  • 89
    • 75849145762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of the research on the impact of air pollution on health in selected Chinese cities over the past decade
    • (in Chinese)
    • H. D. Kan and B. H. Chen, 'Review of the research on the impact of air pollution on health in selected Chinese cities over the past decade', Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 36(1), (2002) (in Chinese).
    • (2002) Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine , vol.36 , Issue.1
    • Kan, H.D.1    Chen, B.H.2
  • 91
    • 34247844615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth?
    • M. P. Walsh, 'Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth?', Natural Resources Forum 31(1), (2007).
    • (2007) Natural Resources Forum , vol.31 , Issue.1
    • Walsh, M.P.1
  • 92
    • 3142777292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valuing air pollution mortality in China's cities
    • V. Brajer and R. W. Mead, 'Valuing air pollution mortality in China's cities', Urban Studies 41(8), (2004).
    • (2004) Urban Studies , vol.41 , Issue.8
    • Brajer, V.1    Mead, R.W.2
  • 94
    • 75849129805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth?
    • Walsh, 'Can China control the side effects of motor vehicle growth?'.
    • Walsh1
  • 95
    • 75849129067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and its health effects in Beijing
    • Xu et al., 'Air pollution and its health effects in Beijing'.
    • Xu1
  • 99
    • 0033627094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and daily mortality in Shenyang, China
    • X. Y. Xu, D. G. Yu and X. P. Xu, 'Air pollution and daily mortality in Shenyang, China', Archives of Environmental Health 55(2), (2000).
    • (2000) Archives of Environmental Health , vol.55 , Issue.2
    • Xu, X.Y.1    Yu, D.G.2    Xu, X.P.3
  • 100
    • 75849156376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of economic loss due to health impact of air pollution in city of Liaoning Province
    • (in Chinese)
    • Z. Y. Xu and F. J. Jin, 'Assessment of economic loss due to health impact of air pollution in city of Liaoning Province', Journal of Environmental Health 20(2), (2003) (in Chinese).
    • (2003) Journal of Environmental Health , vol.20 , Issue.2
    • Xu, Z.Y.1    Jin, F.J.2
  • 103
    • 75849146823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Transportation Situation and Traffic Air Pollution Status in Shanghai.
  • 104
    • 75849119357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of air pollution induced health-related economic losses in Shanghai
    • (in Chinese)
    • X. Z. Peng, W. H. Tian and H. Liang, 'A study of air pollution induced health-related economic losses in Shanghai', Fudan Journal [Social Sciences] no. 2, (2002) (in Chinese).
    • (2002) Fudan Journal [social Sciences] , Issue.2
    • Peng, X.Z.1    Tian, W.H.2    Liang, H.3
  • 107
    • 75849121906 scopus 로고
    • Research on the impact of vehicular emissions on public health in Guangzhou
    • (in Chinese)
    • L. Y. Yan, Z. B. Liu, Y. Chen and X. M. Huang, 'Research on the impact of vehicular emissions on public health in Guangzhou', Ecological Science 2, (1991) (in Chinese).
    • (1991) Ecological Science , vol.2
    • Yan, L.Y.1    Liu, Z.B.2    Chen, Y.3    Huang, X.M.4
  • 109
    • 0347532084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. Colls, ed., 2nd edn (London and New York: Spon Press)
    • J. Colls, ed., Air Pollution, 2nd edn (London and New York: Spon Press, 2002).
    • (2002) Air Pollution
  • 110
    • 0003820877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Godish, ed., 4th edn (Boca Raton, London, New York and Washington, DC: CRC Press LLC
    • T. Godish, ed., Air Quality, 4th edn (Boca Raton, London, New York and Washington, DC: CRC Press LLC, 2004).
    • (2004) Air Quality
  • 111
    • 0002011838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of air pollution in developed countries
    • in S. T. Holgate, J. M. Samet, H. S. Koren and R. L. Maynard, eds, (London and San Diego: Academic Press
    • M. L. Williams, 'Patterns of air pollution in developed countries', in S. T. Holgate, J. M. Samet, H. S. Koren and R. L. Maynard, eds, Air Pollution and Health (London and San Diego: Academic Press, 1999), pp. 83-104.
    • (1999) Air Pollution and Health , pp. 83-104
    • Williams, M.L.1
  • 112
    • 75849150224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note, (accessed 7 July 2008) (in Chinese)
    • The national environmental protection model city program aims at building a number of economically advanced cities into settlements which are also capable of providing an environmentally and ecologically sound environment for their residents. These exemplary cities, which must show that they are able to reconcile the differing demands ensuing from the development of economy, environment and society, are expected to help lead other cities to move towards the path of sustainable development: State Environmental Protection Administration, 10th Anniversary: Building National Environmental Protection Model Cities Program (2007), available at: http://big5.mep.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.sepa.gov.cn/ztbd/cm10/ (accessed 7 July 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2007) 10th Anniversary: Building National Environmental Protection Model Cities Program
  • 113
    • 75849116585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guangzhou Leading Group of Building a National Environmental Protection Model City, (accessed 30 June 2008) (in Chinese)
    • Guangzhou Leading Group of Building a National Environmental Protection Model City, 2007 Progress Report on Building a National Environmental Protection Model City in Guangzhou (2008), available at: http://big5.mep.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.mep.gov.cn/cont/mhcity/2007mfcs/guangzhou/200805/t20080506_122160.htm (accessed 30 June 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2008) 2007 Progress Report On Building a National Environmental Protection Model City in Guangzhou
  • 114
    • 75849136360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • This report was produced in April 2008. State Environmental Protection Administration, (accessed 10 July 2008) (in Chinese)
    • This report was produced in April 2008. State Environmental Protection Administration, Decision on Awarding Guangzhou the Title, 'National Environmental Protection Model City' (2007), available at: http://www.sepa.gov.cn/info/gw/huangfa/200702/t20070214_100918.htm (accessed 10 July 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2007) Decision On Awarding Guangzhou the Title, 'national Environmental Protection Model City'
  • 116
    • 75849123326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note
    • Priority was given to controlling SO2 emissions and maintaining the maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) for organic pollutants in water.
  • 117
    • 75849126249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model City Program" saves Guangzhou from the "grey" economy
    • (21 November), (accessed 18 April 2008) (in Chinese)
    • D. Yuan, H. Y. Li and Z. W. Lu, '"Model City Program" saves Guangzhou from the "grey" economy', Southern Metropolis [Nanfang Daily], (21 November 2006), available at: http://city.finance.sina.com.cn/city/2006-11-21/77487.html (accessed 18 April 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2006) Southern Metropolis [nanfang Daily]
    • Yuan, D.1    Li, H.Y.2    Lu, Z.W.3
  • 118
    • 75849121151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guangzhou Municipal People's Government, (accessed 30 June 2008) (in Chinese)
    • Guangzhou Municipal People's Government, Progress Report on Building a National Environmental Protection Model City in Guangzhou (2006), available at: http://www.mep.gov.cn/cont/mhcity/cmcsxx/gzbg/200612/t20061213_97277.htm (accessed 30 June 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2006) Progress Report On Building a National Environmental Protection Model City in Guangzhou
  • 122
    • 75849140055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflections on the "Green Mountain, Green Space, Blue Sky, Clean Water" project: "green" Guangzhou
    • (20 September), (accessed 8 July 2008) (in Chinese)
    • 'Reflections on the "Green Mountain, Green Space, Blue Sky, Clean Water" project: "green" Guangzhou', Xinhua, (20 September 2006), available at: http://news.xinhuanet.com/environment/2006-09/20/content_5112699.htm (accessed 8 July 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2006) Xinhua
  • 125
    • 75849125606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in China: Part I
    • Liu et al., 'Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in China: Part I'.
    • Liu1
  • 126
    • 0005316054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transportation and the environment in China
    • M. P. Walsh, 'Transportation and the environment in China', China Environment Series no. 3, (1999).
    • (1999) China Environment Series , Issue.3
    • Walsh, M.P.1
  • 132
    • 75849159935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smog will be included in air quality assessment
    • (8 October), (in Chinese)
    • R. F. Huang, 'Smog will be included in air quality assessment', Guangzhou Daily, (8 October 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2008) Guangzhou Daily
    • Huang, R.F.1
  • 133
    • 75849163294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoggy days in cities killed 300 000 a year, experts warn of the adverse health consequences suffered in the smog cities of the West
    • (3 April), (accessed 6 April 2008) (in Chinese)
    • Y. J. Yao, W. Qin, L. P. Guo and X. Wang, 'Smoggy days in cities killed 300 000 a year, experts warn of the adverse health consequences suffered in the smog cities of the West', Southern Weekend [Nanfang Zhoumo], (3 April 2008), available at: http://magazine.sina.com.tw/nfweekend/20080404/2008-04-03/ba50402.shtml (accessed 6 April 2008) (in Chinese).
    • (2008) Southern Weekend [nanfang Zhoumo]
    • Yao, Y.J.1    Qin, W.2    Guo, L.P.3    Wang, X.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.