메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 298, Issue 2, 2010, Pages

Rapid EEG desynchronization and EMG activation induced by intravenous cocaine in freely moving rats: A peripheral, nondopamine neural triggering

Author keywords

Arousal; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Ionic channels; Reinforcement; Sensory effects

Indexed keywords

COCAINE; URETHAN;

EID: 75449107535     PISSN: 03636119     EISSN: 15221490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00628.2009     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (64)
  • 1
    • 0026584581 scopus 로고
    • N-modified analogues of cocaine: Synthesis and inhibition of binding to the cocaine receptor
    • Abraham P, Pitner JB, Lewin AH, Boja JW, Kuhar MJ, Carroll FI . N-modified analogues of cocaine: synthesis and inhibition of binding to the cocaine receptor. J Med Chem 35: 141-144, 1992.
    • (1992) J Med Chem , vol.35 , pp. 141-144
    • Abraham, P.1    Pitner, J.B.2    Lewin, A.H.3    Boja, J.W.4    Kuhar, M.J.5    Carroll, F.I.6
  • 3
    • 33645858477 scopus 로고
    • Emotion and circulation
    • Altschule MD . Emotion and circulation. Circulation 3: 444-454, 1951.
    • (1951) Circulation , vol.3 , pp. 444-454
    • Altschule, M.D.1
  • 4
    • 0017262243 scopus 로고
    • Variability of skin temperature in the waking monkey
    • Baker M, Cronin M, Mountjoy D . Variability of skin temperature in the waking monkey. Am J Physiol 230: 449-455, 1976.
    • (1976) Am J Physiol , vol.230 , pp. 449-455
    • Baker, M.1    Cronin, M.2    Mountjoy, D.3
  • 6
    • 33747622515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + channels in triggering the central excitatory effects of intravenous cocaine
    • + channels in triggering the central excitatory effects of intravenous cocaine. Eur J Neurosci 24: 1182-1192, 2006.
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 1182-1192
    • Brown, P.L.1    Kiyatkin, E.A.2
  • 7
    • 46349101013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory effects of intravenous cocaine on dopamine and non-dopamine ventral tegmental area neurons
    • Brown PL, Kiyatkin EA . Sensory effects of intravenous cocaine on dopamine and non-dopamine ventral tegmental area neurons. Brain Res 1218: 230-249, 2008.
    • (2008) Brain Res , vol.1218 , pp. 230-249
    • Brown, P.L.1    Kiyatkin, E.A.2
  • 8
    • 84912057909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press
    • Buzsaki G . Rhythms of the Brain. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006.
    • (2006) Rhythms of the Brain
    • Buzsaki, G.1
  • 10
    • 0028258811 scopus 로고
    • Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in the rat
    • Chang AY, Kuo TB, Chan SH . Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in the rat. Neurosci Lett 170: 175-178, 1994.
    • (1994) Neurosci Lett , vol.170 , pp. 175-178
    • Chang, A.Y.1    Kuo, T.B.2    Chan, S.H.3
  • 12
    • 0029927019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrocorticographic desynchronization after application of visceral and somatic noxious stimuli in urethaneanesthetized rats: Effect of intrathecal administration of tachikinin (NK1 or NK 2) receptor antagonists
    • Conte B, Cutrufo C, Manzini S . Electrocorticographic desynchronization after application of visceral and somatic noxious stimuli in urethaneanesthetized rats: effect of intrathecal administration of tachikinin (NK1 or NK 2) receptor antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 276: 212-218, 1996.
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.276 , pp. 212-218
    • Conte, B.1    Cutrufo, C.2    Manzini, S.3
  • 13
    • 0032929301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine-induced cardiovascular effects: Lack of evidence for a central nervous system site of action based on hemodynamic studies with cocaine methiodide
    • Dickerson LW, Rodak DJ, Kuhn FE, Wahlstrom SK, Tessel RE, Visner MS, Schaer GL, Gillis RA . Cocaine-induced cardiovascular effects: lack of evidence for a central nervous system site of action based on hemodynamic studies with cocaine methiodide. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 33: 36-42, 1999.
    • (1999) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.33 , pp. 36-42
    • Dickerson, L.W.1    Rodak, D.J.2    Kuhn, F.E.3    Wahlstrom, S.K.4    Tessel, R.E.5    Visner, M.S.6    Schaer, G.L.7    Gillis, R.A.8
  • 14
    • 0020614756 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the subjective and cardiovascular effects of cocaine and procaine in humans
    • Fischman MW, Schuster CR . A comparison of the subjective and cardiovascular effects of cocaine and procaine in humans. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 18: 711-716, 1983.
    • (1983) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.18 , pp. 711-716
    • Fischman, M.W.1    Schuster, C.R.2
  • 15
    • 0034802281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cocaine and its major metabolites on the HERG-encoded potassium channel
    • Ferreira S, Crumb WJ, Carlton CG, Clarkson CW . Effects of cocaine and its major metabolites on the HERG-encoded potassium channel. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 299: 220-226, 2001.
    • (2001) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.299 , pp. 220-226
    • Ferreira, S.1    Crumb, W.J.2    Carlton, C.G.3    Clarkson, C.W.4
  • 16
    • 0022486307 scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic reduction of cocaine-induced paranoia but not euphoria?
    • Gawin F . Neuroleptic reduction of cocaine-induced paranoia but not euphoria? Psychopharmacology 90: 142-143, 1986.
    • (1986) Psychopharmacology , vol.90 , pp. 142-143
    • Gawin, F.1
  • 18
    • 84886642133 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine increases EEG beta: A replication and extension of Hans Berger's historic experiments
    • Herning RI, Jones RT, Hooker WD, Mendelson J, Blackwell L . Cocaine increases EEG beta: a replication and extension of Hans Berger's historic experiments. EEG Clin Neurophysiol 60: 470-477, 1985.
    • (1985) EEG Clin Neurophysiol , vol.60 , pp. 470-477
    • Herning, R.I.1    Jones, R.T.2    Hooker, W.D.3    Mendelson, J.4    Blackwell, L.5
  • 19
    • 0141441616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and dreaming
    • edited by Zigmond MJ, Bloom FE, Landis SC, Roberts JL, and Squire LR. San Diego, CA: Academic
    • Hobson JA . Sleep and dreaming. In: Fundamental Neuroscience, edited by Zigmond MJ, Bloom FE, Landis SC, Roberts JL, and Squire LR. San Diego, CA: Academic, 1999, p. 1207-1227.
    • (1999) Fundamental Neuroscience , pp. 1207-1227
    • Hobson, J.A.1
  • 20
    • 30444457909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitter transporters and their impact on the development of psychopharmacology
    • Iversen L . Neurotransmitter transporters and their impact on the development of psychopharmacology. Br J Pharmacol 147, Suppl 1: S82-S88, 2006.
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.147 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Iversen, L.1
  • 21
    • 0022481776 scopus 로고
    • Neuronal activities in ventrobasal complex of thalamus and in trigeminal main sensory nucleus during EEG desynchronization in anesthetized rats
    • Kanosue K, Nakayama T, Andrew PD, Shen Z, Sato M . Neuronal activities in ventrobasal complex of thalamus and in trigeminal main sensory nucleus during EEG desynchronization in anesthetized rats. Brain Res 379: 90-97, 1986.
    • (1986) Brain Res , vol.379 , pp. 90-97
    • Kanosue, K.1    Nakayama, T.2    Andrew, P.D.3    Shen, Z.4    Sato, M.5
  • 22
    • 0025054182 scopus 로고
    • Role of the central nervous system in hemodynamic and sympathoadrenal responses to cocaine in rats
    • Kiritsy-Roy JA, Halter JB, Gordon SM, Smith MJ, Terry LC . Role of the central nervous system in hemodynamic and sympathoadrenal responses to cocaine in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 256: 154 -160, 1990.
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.256 , pp. 154-160
    • Kiritsy-Roy, J.A.1    Halter, J.B.2    Gordon, S.M.3    Smith, M.J.4    Terry, L.C.5
  • 23
    • 24144448750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine-dependent and dopamine-independent actions of cocaine as revealed by brain thermorecording in freely moving rats
    • Kiyatkin EA, Brown PL . Dopamine-dependent and dopamine-independent actions of cocaine as revealed by brain thermorecording in freely moving rats. Eur J Neurosci 22: 930-938, 2005.
    • (2005) Eur J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 930-938
    • Kiyatkin, E.A.1    Brown, P.L.2
  • 24
    • 34548690102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I.v. cocaine induces rapid, transient excitation of striatal neurons via its action on peripheral neural elements: Single-cell, iontophoretic study in awake and anesthetized rats
    • Kiyatkin EA, Brown PL . I.v. cocaine induces rapid, transient excitation of striatal neurons via its action on peripheral neural elements: single-cell, iontophoretic study in awake and anesthetized rats. Neuroscience 148: 978-995, 2007.
    • (2007) Neuroscience , vol.148 , pp. 978-995
    • Kiyatkin, E.A.1    Brown, P.L.2
  • 25
    • 0033134876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striatal neuronal activity and responsiveness to dopamine and glutamate after selective blockade of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in freely moving rats
    • Kiyatkin EA, Rebec GV . Striatal neuronal activity and responsiveness to dopamine and glutamate after selective blockade of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors in freely moving rats. J Neurosci 19: 3594 -3609, 1999.
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 3594-3609
    • Kiyatkin, E.A.1    Rebec, G.V.2
  • 26
    • 0034116115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine-independent action of cocaine on striatal and accumbal neurons
    • Kiyatkin EA, Rebec GV . Dopamine-independent action of cocaine on striatal and accumbal neurons. Eur J Neurosci 12: 1-13, 2000.
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 1-13
    • Kiyatkin, E.A.1    Rebec, G.V.2
  • 27
    • 0026447975 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular responses to cocaine are initially mediated by the central nervous system in rats
    • Knuepfer MM, Branch CA . Cardiovascular responses to cocaine are initially mediated by the central nervous system in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 263: 734-741, 1992.
    • (1992) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.263 , pp. 734-741
    • Knuepfer, M.M.1    Branch, C.A.2
  • 28
    • 0021961581 scopus 로고
    • Blood volume in the rat
    • Lee HB, Blaufox MD . Blood volume in the rat. J Nucl Med 25: 72-76, 1984.
    • (1984) J Nucl Med , vol.25 , pp. 72-76
    • Lee, H.B.1    Blaufox, M.D.2
  • 29
    • 33644861097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Painful channels in sensory neurons
    • Lee Y, Lee CH, Oh U . Painful channels in sensory neurons. Mol Cells 20: 315-324, 2005.
    • (2005) Mol Cells , vol.20 , pp. 315-324
    • Lee, Y.1    Lee, C.H.2    Oh, U.3
  • 30
    • 0031802547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cocaine-related environmental stimuli on the spontaneous electroencephalogram in polidrug abusers
    • Liu X, Vaupel DB, Grant S, London ED . Effect of cocaine-related environmental stimuli on the spontaneous electroencephalogram in polidrug abusers. Neuropsychopharmacology 19 10-17, 1998.
    • (1998) Neuropsychopharmacology , vol.19 , pp. 10-17
    • Liu, X.1    Vaupel, D.B.2    Grant, S.3    London, E.D.4
  • 31
    • 0024823020 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral and EEG studies of acute cocaine administration: Comparisons with morphine, amphetamine, pentobarbital, nicotine, ethanol and marijuana
    • Lukas SE, Mendelson JH, Amass L, Benedikt R . Behavioral and EEG studies of acute cocaine administration: comparisons with morphine, amphetamine, pentobarbital, nicotine, ethanol and marijuana. NIDA Res Monogr 95: 146-152, 1990.
    • (1990) NIDA Res Monogr , vol.95 , pp. 146-152
    • Lukas, S.E.1    Mendelson, J.H.2    Amass, L.3    Benedikt, R.4
  • 32
    • 0028157967 scopus 로고
    • Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in rats: Correlation with microdialysis evaluation of dopaminergic neurotransmission at the medial prefrontal cortex
    • Luoh HF, Kuo TB, Chan SH, Pan WH . Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in rats: correlation with microdialysis evaluation of dopaminergic neurotransmission at the medial prefrontal cortex. Synapse 16: 29-35, 1994.
    • (1994) Synapse , vol.16 , pp. 29-35
    • Luoh, H.F.1    Kuo, T.B.2    Chan, S.H.3    Pan, W.H.4
  • 33
    • 0017898285 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of cocaine and pseudococaine on EEG activities, cardiorespiratory functions, and self-administration behavior in the rhesus monkey
    • Matsuzaki M, Spingler PJ, Whitlock EG, Misra AL, Mule SJ . Comparative effects of cocaine and pseudococaine on EEG activities, cardiorespiratory functions, and self-administration behavior in the rhesus monkey. Psychopharmacology (Berlin) 57: 12-20, 1978.
    • (1978) Psychopharmacology (Berlin) , vol.57 , pp. 12-20
    • Matsuzaki, M.1    Spingler, P.J.2    Whitlock, E.G.3    Misra, A.L.4    Mule, S.J.5
  • 34
    • 84940129679 scopus 로고
    • Urethane modification of EEG-like activity and acoustically evoked field potentials recorded from deep nuclei
    • McClung R, Reilly E, Dafny N . Urethane modification of EEG-like activity and acoustically evoked field potentials recorded from deep nuclei. Appl Neurophysiol 39: 11-26, 1976-1977.
    • (1976) Appl Neurophysiol , vol.39 , pp. 11-26
    • McClung, R.1    Reilly, E.2    Dafny, N.3
  • 35
    • 0028147655 scopus 로고
    • Properties of afferent nerve fibers supplying the saphenous vein in the cat
    • Michaelis M, Goder R, Habler HJ, Janig W . Properties of afferent nerve fibers supplying the saphenous vein in the cat. J Physiol 474: 233-243, 1994.
    • (1994) J Physiol , vol.474 , pp. 233-243
    • Michaelis, M.1    Goder, R.2    Habler, H.J.3    Janig, W.4
  • 36
    • 0002612699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular biology of dopamine receptors
    • edited by Neve KA and Neve RL. Totowa, NJ: Humana
    • Neve KA, Neve RL . Molecular biology of dopamine receptors. In: The Dopamine Receptors, edited by Neve KA and Neve RL. Totowa, NJ: Humana, 1997, p. 27-76.
    • (1997) The Dopamine Receptors , pp. 27-76
    • Neve, K.A.1    Neve, R.L.2
  • 37
    • 0028290366 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital sodium on cocaine-induced electroencephalographic desynchronization at the medial prefrontal cortex in rats
    • Pan WH, Chen Lai YJ NH, Luoh HF . Differential effects of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital sodium on cocaine-induced electroencephalographic desynchronization at the medial prefrontal cortex in rats. Life Sci 54: PL419-PL424, 1994.
    • (1994) Life Sci , vol.54
    • Pan, W.H.1    Chen Lai, Y.N.2    Luoh, H.F.3
  • 40
    • 0023109933 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of cocaine in anesthetized and conscious rats
    • Pitts DK, Udom CE, Marwah J . Cardiovascular effects of cocaine in anesthetized and conscious rats. Life Sci 40: 1099-1111, 1987.
    • (1987) Life Sci , vol.40 , pp. 1099-1111
    • Pitts, D.K.1    Udom, C.E.2    Marwah, J.3
  • 41
    • 0032545278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomic mechanisms in the acute cardiovascular effects of cocaine in conscious rats
    • Poon J, van den Buuse M . Autonomic mechanisms in the acute cardiovascular effects of cocaine in conscious rats. Eur J Pharmacol 363: 147-152, 1998.
    • (1998) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.363 , pp. 147-152
    • Poon, J.1    van den Buuse, M.2
  • 42
    • 27144432357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+-activated potassium channel by cocaine
    • 2+-activated potassium channel by cocaine. J Membr Biol 204: 129-136, 2005.
    • (2005) J Membr Biol , vol.204 , pp. 129-136
    • Premkumar, L.S.1
  • 43
    • 0024164931 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine receptors on monoamine transporters and sodium channels
    • Reith ME . Cocaine receptors on monoamine transporters and sodium channels. NIDA Res Monogr 88: 23-43, 1988.
    • (1988) NIDA Res Monogr , vol.88 , pp. 23-43
    • Reith, M.E.1
  • 44
    • 0023265754 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine receptors of dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine
    • Ritz MC, Lamb RJ, Goldberg SR, Kuhar MJ . Cocaine receptors of dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine. Science 237: 1219-1223, 1987.
    • (1987) Science , vol.237 , pp. 1219-1223
    • Ritz, M.C.1    Lamb, R.J.2    Goldberg, S.R.3    Kuhar, M.J.4
  • 45
    • 0025008955 scopus 로고
    • Cocaine inhibition of ligand binding at dopamine, norephinephrine and serotonin transporters: A structure-activity study
    • Ritz MC, Cone EJ, Kuhar MJ . Cocaine inhibition of ligand binding at dopamine, norephinephrine and serotonin transporters: a structure-activity study. Life Sci 46: 635-645, 1990.
    • (1990) Life Sci , vol.46 , pp. 635-645
    • Ritz, M.C.1    Cone, E.J.2    Kuhar, M.J.3
  • 46
    • 0242576358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs
    • Rothman RB, Baumann MH . Monoamine transporters and psychostimulant drugs. Eur J Pharmacol 479: 23-40, 2003.
    • (2003) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.479 , pp. 23-40
    • Rothman, R.B.1    Baumann, M.H.2
  • 47
    • 0030601846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light induced EEG desynchronization and behavioral arousal in rats with restored retinocollicular projection by peripheral nerve graft
    • Sasaki H, Coffey P, Villegas-Perez MP, Vidal-Sanz M, Young MJ, Lund RD, Fukuda Y . Light induced EEG desynchronization and behavioral arousal in rats with restored retinocollicular projection by peripheral nerve graft. Neurosci Lett 218: 45-48, 1996.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.218 , pp. 45-48
    • Sasaki, H.1    Coffey, P.2    Villegas-Perez, M.P.3    Vidal-Sanz, M.4    Young, M.J.5    Lund, R.D.6    Fukuda, Y.7
  • 48
    • 0031745442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective pharmacological activation of limbic structures in human volunteers: A positron emission tomography study
    • Servan-Shreiber D, Perlstein WM, Cohen JD, Mintun M . Selective pharmacological activation of limbic structures in human volunteers: a positron emission tomography study. J Neuropsychiatry 10: 148-159, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neuropsychiatry , vol.10 , pp. 148-159
    • Servan-Shreiber, D.1    Perlstein, W.M.2    Cohen, J.D.3    Mintun, M.4
  • 49
    • 0024548930 scopus 로고
    • Effects of intravenous cocaine are partially attenuated by haloperidol
    • Sherer MA, Kumor KM, Jaffe JH . Effects of intravenous cocaine are partially attenuated by haloperidol. Psychiatry Res 27: 117-125, 1989.
    • (1989) Psychiatry Res , vol.27 , pp. 117-125
    • Sherer, M.A.1    Kumor, K.M.2    Jaffe, J.H.3
  • 50
    • 0014971480 scopus 로고
    • A pharmacological comparison of some quaternary derivatives of cocaine
    • Shriver DA, Long IP . A pharmacological comparison of some quaternary derivatives of cocaine. Arch Int Pharmacodyn 189: 198 -208, 1971.
    • (1971) Arch Int Pharmacodyn , vol.189 , pp. 198-208
    • Shriver, D.A.1    Long, I.P.2
  • 51
    • 38849119363 scopus 로고
    • Peripheral vasoconstriction induced by emotional stress in rats
    • Solomon GF, Moos RH, Stone GC, Fessel WJ . Peripheral vasoconstriction induced by emotional stress in rats. Angiology 15: 362-365, 1964.
    • (1964) Angiology , vol.15 , pp. 362-365
    • Solomon, G.F.1    Moos, R.H.2    Stone, G.C.3    Fessel, W.J.4
  • 52
    • 0032704488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain stem activation of thalamocortical system
    • Steriade M . Brain stem activation of thalamocortical system. Brain Res Bull 50: 391-392, 1999.
    • (1999) Brain Res Bull , vol.50 , pp. 391-392
    • Steriade, M.1
  • 55
    • 18144414634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real time computations of in vivo drug levels during drug self-administration experiments
    • Tsibulsky VL, Norman AB . Real time computations of in vivo drug levels during drug self-administration experiments. Brain Res Protoc 15: 38-45, 2005.
    • (2005) Brain Res Protoc , vol.15 , pp. 38-45
    • Tsibulsky, V.L.1    Norman, A.B.2
  • 56
    • 0033520047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cocaine stimulates the human cardiovascular system via a central mechanism of action
    • Vongpatanasin W, Mansour Y, Chavoshan B, Arbique D, Victor RG . Cocaine stimulates the human cardiovascular system via a central mechanism of action. Circulation 100: 497-502, 1999.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 497-502
    • Vongpatanasin, W.1    Mansour, Y.2    Chavoshan, B.3    Arbique, D.4    Victor, R.G.5
  • 57
    • 33847158434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dose and session duration on cocaine self-administration in rats
    • Wee S, Specio SE, Koob GF . Effects of dose and session duration on cocaine self-administration in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 320: 1134-1143, 2007.
    • (2007) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.320 , pp. 1134-1143
    • Wee, S.1    Specio, S.E.2    Koob, G.F.3
  • 58
    • 34548483643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairment of acquisition of cocaine self-administration in rats maintained on a high-fat diet
    • Wellman PJ, Nation JR, Davis KW . Impairment of acquisition of cocaine self-administration in rats maintained on a high-fat diet. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 88: 89-93, 2007.
    • (2007) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.88 , pp. 89-93
    • Wellman, P.J.1    Nation, J.R.2    Davis, K.W.3
  • 59
    • 0034808964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the dopamine transporter and the sodium channel on the cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of local anesthetics in rats
    • Wilcox KM, Paul IA, Ordway GA, Woolverton WL . Role of the dopamine transporter and the sodium channel on the cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of local anesthetics in rats. Psychopharmacology 157: 260-268, 2001.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology , vol.157 , pp. 260-268
    • Wilcox, K.M.1    Paul, I.A.2    Ordway, G.A.3    Woolverton, W.L.4
  • 60
    • 0023426876 scopus 로고
    • A psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction
    • Wise RA, Bozarth MA . A psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction. Psychol Rev 94: 469-492, 1987.
    • (1987) Psychol Rev , vol.94 , pp. 469-492
    • Wise, R.A.1    Bozarth, M.A.2
  • 61
    • 0028926285 scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo effects of cocaine and selected local anesthetics on the dopamine transporter
    • Woodward JJ, Compton DM, Balster RL, Martin BR . In vitro and in vivo effects of cocaine and selected local anesthetics on the dopamine transporter. Eur J Pharmacol 13: 7-13, 1995.
    • (1995) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.13 , pp. 7-13
    • Woodward, J.J.1    Compton, D.M.2    Balster, R.L.3    Martin, B.R.4
  • 62
    • 33646232715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + channels in rat ventricular myocytes and in heart-derived H9c2 cells
    • + channels in rat ventricular myocytes and in heart-derived H9c2 cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 98: 510-517, 2006.
    • (2006) Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.98 , pp. 510-517
    • Wu, S.N.1    Chang, H.D.2    Sung, B.J.3
  • 63
    • 0037230624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous drug injection habits: Drug users' self-reports versus researchers' perception
    • Zernig G, Giacomuzzi S, Riemer Y, Wakonig G, Sturm K, Saria A . Intravenous drug injection habits: drug users' self-reports versus researchers' perception. Pharmacology 68: 49-56, 2003.
    • (2003) Pharmacology , vol.68 , pp. 49-56
    • Zernig, G.1    Giacomuzzi, S.2    Riemer, Y.3    Wakonig, G.4    Sturm, K.5    Saria, A.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.