Impact of dust aerosols on the radiative budget, surface heat fluxes, heating rate profiles and convective activity over West Africa during March 2006

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 9, Issue 18, 2009, Pages 7143-7160

  Mallet, M ^a   Tulet, P ^b,c   Serca D ^a   Solmon, F ^a   Dubovik, O ^d   Pelon, J ^e   VPont, ^a   Thouron, O ^b  

^a LABORATOIRE D AÉROLOGIE   (France)

^b CENTRE NATIONAL DE RECHERCHES MÉTÉOROLOGIQUES   (France)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DE LA RÉUNION   (France)

^d UNIV LILLE   (France)

^e SERVICE D AÉRONOMIE DU CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOL; ALBEDO; ATMOSPHERIC MODELING; CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; NUMERICAL MODEL; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; RADIATION BUDGET; SENSIBLE HEAT FLUX; SHORTWAVE RADIATION; SIMULATION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TOP OF ATMOSPHERE;

WEST AFRICA;

EID: 75449102400     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-9-7143-2009     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Abel, S. J., Highwood, E. J., Haywood, J. M., and Stringer, M. A.: The direct radiative effect of biomass burning aerosols over southern Africa, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1999-2018, 2005, http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/5/1999/2005/.
2. Affre, C., Lopez, A., Carrara, A., Druilhet, A., and Fontan, J.: The analysis of energy and ozone flux data from the LANDES 94 experiment, Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34, 803-821, 2000.
3. Bellouin, N., Boucher, O., Vesperini, M., and Tanre, D.: Estimating the direct aerosol radiative perturbation: Impact of ocean surface representation and aerosol non-sphericity, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 130, 2217-2232, 2004. (Pubitemid 39320236)
4. Beverland, I. J., Moncrieff, J. B., Ónéill, C., Hargreaves, K. J., and Milne, R.: Measurement of methane and carbon dioxide fluxes from, peatland ecosystems by the conditional-sampling technique, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 819-838, 1996.
5. Bharmal, N. A., Slingo, A., Robinson, G. J., and Settle, J. J.: Simulation of surface and top of atmosphere thermal fluxes and radiances from the RADAGAST experiment, in press in JGR Atmosphere, 2009.
6. Bierwirth, E., Wendisch, M., Ehrlich, A., et al.: Spectral surface albedo over Morocco and its impact on radiative forcing of Sanaran dust, Tellus, 61B, 252-269, doi:10.1111/j.16000889.2008.00395, 2009.
7. Derimian, Y., Léon, J.-F., Dubovik, O., et al.: Radiative properties of aerosol mixture observed during the dry season 2006 over M'Bour, Senegal (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis campaign), J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C09, doi:10.1029/2008JD009904, 2008.
8. Dubovik, O. and King, M. D.: A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20673-20696, 2000.
9. Dubovik, O., Holben, B. N., Eck, T. F., Smirnov, A., Kaufman, Y. J., King, M. D., Tanré, D., and Slutsker, I.: Variability of absorption and optical, properties of key aerosol types observed in worldwide locations, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 590-608, 2002. (Pubitemid 34838293)
10. Dubovik, O., Sinyuk, A., Lapyonok, T., et al.: Application of light scattering by spheroids for accounting for particle non-sphericity in remote sensing of desert dust, J. Geophys. Res., 111, Dl1208, doi:10.1029/ 2005JD006619d, 2006.
11. Dufresne, J. L., Gautier, C., Ricchiazzi, P., and. Fouquart, Y.: Longwave Scattering Effects of Mineral Aerosols, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1959-1966, 2002.
12. Eck, T. F., Holben, B. N., Reid, J. S., et al: Spatial and temporal variability of column-integrated aerosol optical properties in the southern Arabian Gulf and United Arab Emirates in summer, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D01204, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008944,2008.
13. Fan, J., Zhang, R., Tao, W.-K., and Mohr, K. L: Effects of aerosol optical properties on deep convective clouds and radiative forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D08209, doi:10.1029/2007JD009257, 2008.
14. Feingold, G., Jiang, H., and Harrington, Y.: On smoke suppression of clouds in Amazonia, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02804, doi:10.1029/2004GL021369, 2005.
15. Foken, T. and Wichura, B.: Tools for quality assessment of surfacebased flux measurements, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 78, 83-105, 1996.
16. Fouquart, Y. and Bonnel, B.: Computation of solar heating of the Earth's atmosphere: A new parametrization Cont. Atmos. Phys., 53(1), 35-62, 1980.
17. Fraser, R. S. and Kaufman, Y.: The relative importance of scattering and absorption in remote Sensing, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote, 23, 625-633, 1985. (Pubitemid 16508862)
18. Grini, A., Tulet, P., and Gomes, L.: Dusty weather forecasts using the MesoNH mesoscale atmospheric model, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D19205, doi:10.1029/2005JD007007, 2006.
19. Haywood, J. M. and Shine, K. P.: The effect of anthropogenic sulphate and soot on the clear-sky planetary radiation budget, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 603-606, 1995.
20. Haywood, J. M., Francis, P., Osborne, S., et al.: Radiative properties and direct radiative effect of Sanaran dust measured by the C-130 aircraft during SHADE : 1, Solar spectrum, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D18), 8577, doi:10.1029/2002JD002687, 2003.
21. Haywood, J. M., Allan, R. P., Culverwell, L., Slingo, T., Milton, S., Edwards, J., and Clerbaux, N.: Can desert dust explain the outgoing longwave radiation anomaly over the Sahara during July 2003?, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D05105, doi:10.1029/2004JD005232, 2005.
22. Haywood, J. M., Pelon, J., Formenti, P., et al.: Overview of the dust and Biomass Burning Experiment and African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis Special Observing Period-0, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C17, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010077, 2008.
23. Heinold, B., Tegen, I., Esselborn, M., et al.: Regional Saharan dust modelling during the SAMUM 2006 campaign. Tellus, 61B, 307-324, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00387, 2009.
24. Helmert, J., Heinold, B., Tegen, I., Hellmuth, O., and Wendisch, M.: On the direct and semidirect effects of Saharan dust over Europe: A modeling study, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D13208, doi:10.1029/2006JD007444, 2007.
25. Hess, M., Koepke, P., and Schult, I.: Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: The software package, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79, 831-844, 1998. (Pubitemid 28426191)
26. Huebert, B. J., Bates, T., Russell, P. B., Shi, G., Kim, Y. J., Kawamura, K., Carmichael, G., and. Nakajima, T.: An overview of Ace-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationships between Asian aerosols and their climatic impacts, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D23), 8633, doi:10.1029/2003JD003550, 2003.
27. Jiang, H. and Feingold, G.: Effect of aerosol on warm, convective clouds: Aerosol-cloud-surface flux feedbacks in a new coupled large eddy model, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D01202, doi:10.1029/2005JD006138, 2006.
28. Kim, S.-W., Yoon, S.-C., Jefferson, A., et al.: Observation of enhanced water vapour in Asian dust layer and its effect on atmospheric radiative heating rates, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L18113, doi:10.1029/2004GL020024, 2004.
29. Koepke, P., Hess, M., Schult, I., and Shettle, E. P.: Global Aerosol Data Set, MPI Meteorologie Hamburg, Report No. 243, 44pp., 1997.
30. Konaré, A., Zakey, A. S., Solmon, F., Giorgi, F., Rauscher, S., Ibrah, S., and Bi, X.: A regional climate modeling study of the effect of desert dust on the West African monsoon, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D12206, doi:10.1029/2007JD009322, 2008.
31. Lafon, S., Sokolik, I. N., Rajot, J. L., Caquineau, S., and Gaudichet, A.: Characterization of iron oxides in mineral dust aerosols: Implications for light absorption, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21207, doi:10.1029/2005JD007016, 2006.
32. Lafore, J., Stein, J., Asencio, N., et al.: The Meso-NH atmospheric simulation system. Part I: Adiabatic formulation and control simulations, Ann. Geophys., 16, 90-109, 1998, http://www.ann-geophys.net/16/90/1998/. (Pubitemid 128012661)
33. Lau, K.-M. and Kim, K.-M.: Observational relationships between aerosol and Asian monsoon rainfall, and circulation, Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, L21810, doi:10.1029/2006GL027546, 2006.
34. Lelieveld, J., Berresheim, H., Borrmann, S., et al: Global Air Pollution Crossroads over the Mediterranean, Science, 298,794,2002.
35. Lio, H. and Seinfeld, J. H.: Radiative forcing by mineral dust aerosols: sensitivity to key variables, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D24), 31637-31645, 1998.
36. Mallet, M., Pont, V, Liousse, C, et al.: Aerosol direct radiative forcing over Djougou (northern Benin) during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis dry season experiment (Special Observation Period-0), J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C0l, doi:10.1029/2007JD009419, 2008.
37. McFarlane, S. A., Kassianov, E. I., Barnard, J., et al.: Surface shortwave aerosol radiative forcing during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Mobile Facility deployment in Niamey, Niger, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00E06, doi:10.1029/2008JD010491, 2009.
38. Marticorena, B., Bergametti, G., Aumont, B., Callot, Y, N'Doumé, C, and Legrand, M.: Modeling the atmospheric dust cycle: 2Simulation of Saharan sources, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 43874404, 1997.
39. McConnell, C. L., Highwood, E. J., Coe, H., et al.: Seasonal, variations of the physical and optical characteristics of Saharan dust: results from the Dust Outflow and Deposition to the Ocean (DODO) Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D14S05, doi:10.1029/2007JD009606, 2008.
40. Miller, R. L. and. Tegen, I.: Climate response to soil dust aerosols, J. Climate, 11, 3247-3267,1998.
41. Miller, R. L., Tegen, I., and Perlwitz, J.: Surface radiative forcing by soil dust aerosols and the hydrologie cycle, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D04203, doi:10.1029/2003JD004085, 2004.
42. Miller, R. L., Slingo, A., Barnard, J. C., and Kassianov, E.: Seasonal contrast in the surface energy balance of the Sahel, J. Geophys Res., 114, D00E05, doi:10.1029/2008JD010521, 2009.
43. Milton, S. F., Greed, G., Brooks, M. E., Haywood, J., Johnson, B., Allan, R. P., Slingo, A., and Grey, M. F.: Modeled, and observed atmospheric radiation balance during the West African dry season: Role of mineral dust, biomass burning aerosol, and surface albedo, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C02, doi:10.1029/2007JD009741, 2008.
44. Mishchenko, M. I., Lacis, A. A., Carlson, B. E., and Travis, L. D.: Nonsphericity of dust-like tropospheric aerosols: Implications for aerosol remote sensing and climate modeling, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1077-1080, 1995.
45. Mohalfi, S. Bedi, H. S., Krishnamurti, T. N., and Cocke, S. D.: Impact of Shortwave Effects on the Summer Season Heat Low over Saudi Arabia, Monthly Weather Review, 126, 3153-3168, 1998.
46. Morcrette, J. and Fouquart, Y.: The overlapping of cloud layers in shortwave radiation parameterizations, J. Atmos. Sci., 43(4), 321-328, 1986.
47. Myhre, G. and Stordal, F.: Global sensitivity experiments of the radiative forcing due to mineral aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D16), 18193-18204, 2001.
48. Osborne, S. R., Johnson, B. T., Haywood, J. M., Baran, A. J., Harrison, M. A. J., and. McConnell, C. L.: Physical and optical properties of mineral dust aerosol during the Dust and Biomass-burning Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C03, doi : 10.1029/2007JD009551, 2008.
49. Otto, S., Bierwirth, E., Weinzierl, B., et al.: Solar radiative effects of a Saharan dust plume observed during SAMUM assuming spheroidal model particles, Tellus, 61B, 270-296, doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.2008.00389, 2009.
50. Pelon, J., Mallet, M., Mariscal, A., et al.: Microlidar observations of biomass burning aerosol over Djougou (Benin) during African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis Special Observation Period 0: Dust and Biomass-Burning Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C18, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD009976, 2008.
51. Prospero, J. M. and Lamb, P. J.: African droughts and dust transport to the Caribbean: Climate change implications, Science, 302, 1024-1027, 2003.
52. Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Lelieveld, J., et al.: Indian Ocean Experiment, An integrated analysis of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze, J. Geophys. Res., 106(D22), 28371-28398, 2001.
53. Ramanathan , V., Li, F., Ramana, M. V., et al.: Atmospheric brown clouds: Hemispherical, and regional variations in longrange transport, absorption, and radiative forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S21, doi:10.1029/2006JD008124, 2007.
54. Redelsperger, J., Thorncroft, D., Diedhiou, A., Lebel, T., Parker, D., and Polcher, J.: African monsoon multiplidisciplinary analysis: An international research project and field campaign, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 87, 1739-1746, 2006. (Pubitemid 46152000)
55. Slingo, A., Ackerman, T. P., Allan, R. P., et al.: Observations of the impact of a major Saharan dust storm, on the atmospheric radiation balance, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L24817, doi:10.1029/2006GL027869, 2006.
56. Solmon, F., Mallet, M., Elguindi, N., Giorgi, F., Zakey, A., and Konaré, A.: Dust aerosol impact on regional precipitation over western Africa, mechanisms and sensitivity to absorption properties, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L24705, doi:10.1029/2008GL035900, 2008.
57. Sinyuk, A., Dubovik, O., Holben, B., et al.: Simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and surface properties from a combinaison of AERONET and satellite data, Remote Sens. Environ., 107, 90-108, 2007.
58. Tanré, D., Haywood, J. M., Pelon, J., Léon, J. R, Chatenet, B., Formenti, P., Francis, P., Goloub, P., Highwood, E. J., and Myhre, G.: Measurements and modelling of the Saharan dust radiative impact: Overview of the Saharan Dust Experiment (SHADE), J. Geophys. Res., 108(D18), 8574, doi:10.1029/2002JD003273, 2003.
59. Tegen, I. and Lacis, A. A.: Modeling of particle size distribution and its influence on the radiative properties of mineral dust aerosol, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D14), 19237-19244, 1996.
60. Tulet, P., Crassier, V., Cousin, F., Suhre, K., and Rosset, R.: ORILAM, a three-moment lognormal aerosol scheme for mesoscale atmospheric model: Online coupling into the MesoNH-C model and validation on the Escompte campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D18201, doi:10.1029/2004JD005716, 2005.
61. Tulet, P., Mallet, M., Pont, V., Pelon, J., and Boon, A.: The 713 March 2006 dust storm over West Africa: Generation, transport, and vertical stratification, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00C08, doi:10.1029/2008JD009871, 2008.
62. Wendisch, M., Hellmuth, O., Ansmann, A., et al.: Radiative and dynamic effects of absorbing aerosol particles over the Pearl River Delta, China, Atmos. Environ., 42, 6408-6416, 2008.
63. Woodward, S.: Modeling the atmospheric life-cycle and radiative impact of mineral dust in the Hadley Centre climate model, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 18155-18166, 2001.
64. Yoshioka, M., Mahowald, N. M., Conley, A. J., et al.: Impact of Desert Radiative Forcing on Sahel Precipitation : Relative Importance of Dust Compared to Sea Surface Temperature Variations, Vegetation Changes, and Greenhouse Gas Warming, J. Climate, 20, 1445-1467, doi:10.1175/JCLI4056.1, 2007.