메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 167-175

Female contraception: Present and future perspectives

Author keywords

Condom; Contraceptive vaccine; Female contraception; Intrauterine devices (IUDs); Pills

Indexed keywords

CONTRACEPTIVE VACCINE; ESTRADIOL; ETONOGESTREL; GESTAGEN; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; SEMEN VACCINE; SPERMICIDAL AGENT; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZONA PELLUCIDA VACCINE;

EID: 74849127938     PISSN: 15734048     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157340409789007259     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (6)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 33745107633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001
    • Finer LB, Henshaw SK. Disparities in rates of unintended pregnancy in the United States, 1994 and 2001. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2006; 38: 90-6.
    • (2006) Perspect Sex Reprod Health , vol.38 , pp. 90-96
    • Finer, L.B.1    Henshaw, S.K.2
  • 2
    • 38149016174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimates of contraceptive failure from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth
    • Kost K, Singh S, Vaughan B, Trussell J, Bankole A. Estimates of contraceptive failure from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Contraception 2008; 77: 10-21.
    • (2008) Contraception , vol.77 , pp. 10-21
    • Kost, K.1    Singh, S.2    Vaughan, B.3    Trussell, J.4    Bankole, A.5
  • 5
    • 25844525528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current contraceptive research and development
    • Reape KZ. Current contraceptive research and development. Adolesc Med Clin 2005; 16: 617-33.
    • (2005) Adolesc Med Clin , vol.16 , pp. 617-633
    • Reape, K.Z.1
  • 6
    • 33748117147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women: Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. National Center for Health Statistics
    • Available from
    • Chandra A, Martinez GM, Mosher WD, Abma JC, Jones J. Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women: Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 23 2005. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr-23/sr23- 025.pdf
    • (2005) Vital Health Stat , vol.23
    • Chandra, A.1    Martinez, G.M.2    Mosher, W.D.3    Abma, J.C.4    Jones, J.5
  • 7
    • 0031712077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral contraceptive discontinuation: A prospective evaluation of frequency and reasons
    • Rosenberg MJ, Waugh MS. Oral contraceptive discontinuation: a prospective evaluation of frequency and reasons. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998; 179: 577-82.
    • (1998) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.179 , pp. 577-582
    • Rosenberg, M.J.1    Waugh, M.S.2
  • 8
    • 10744229208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, randomized study of an extended cycle oral contraceptive
    • Anderson FD, Hait H. A multicenter, randomized study of an extended cycle oral contraceptive. Contraception 2003; 68: 89-96.
    • (2003) Contraception , vol.68 , pp. 89-96
    • Anderson, F.D.1    Hait, H.2
  • 9
    • 74849089767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raymond EG. Progestin-only pills. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media 2007; pp. 181-92.
    • Raymond EG. Progestin-only pills. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media 2007; pp. 181-92.
  • 10
    • 0032917598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the inhibition of ovulation achieved by desogestrel 75 micrograms and levonorgestrel 30 micrograms daily
    • Rice CF, Killick SR, Dieben T, Coelingh Bennink H. A comparison of the inhibition of ovulation achieved by desogestrel 75 micrograms and levonorgestrel 30 micrograms daily. Hum Reprod 1999; 14: 982-5.
    • (1999) Hum Reprod , vol.14 , pp. 982-985
    • Rice, C.F.1    Killick, S.R.2    Dieben, T.3    Coelingh Bennink, H.4
  • 11
  • 12
    • 0025201663 scopus 로고
    • The effects of different formulations of oral contraceptive agents on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism
    • Godsland IF, Crook D, Simpson R, et al. The effects of different formulations of oral contraceptive agents on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. N Engl J Med 1990; 323: 1375-81.
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 1375-1381
    • Godsland, I.F.1    Crook, D.2    Simpson, R.3
  • 13
    • 0032511423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraception and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latina women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus
    • Kjos SL, Peters RK, Xiang A, Thomas D, Schaefer U, Buchanan TA. Contraception and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latina women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. JAMA 1998; 280: 533-8.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 533-538
    • Kjos, S.L.1    Peters, R.K.2    Xiang, A.3    Thomas, D.4    Schaefer, U.5    Buchanan, T.A.6
  • 14
    • 0025695527 scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience with the progestogenonly pill
    • Broome M, Fotherby K. Clinical experience with the progestogenonly pill. Contraception 1990; 42: 489-95.
    • (1990) Contraception , vol.42 , pp. 489-495
    • Broome, M.1    Fotherby, K.2
  • 15
    • 0015594683 scopus 로고
    • The use of the mini pill in private practice
    • Nelson JH. The use of the mini pill in private practice. J Reprod Med 1973; 10: 139-43.
    • (1973) J Reprod Med , vol.10 , pp. 139-143
    • Nelson, J.H.1
  • 16
    • 0022356218 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound demonstration of increased frequency of functional ovarian cysts in women using progestogen-only oral contraception
    • Tayob Y, Adams J, Jacobs HS, Guillebaud J. Ultrasound demonstration of increased frequency of functional ovarian cysts in women using progestogen-only oral contraception. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1985; 92: 1003-9.
    • (1985) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.92 , pp. 1003-1009
    • Tayob, Y.1    Adams, J.2    Jacobs, H.S.3    Guillebaud, J.4
  • 17
    • 74849084527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Available at
    • Ortho Evra information. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/cder/ drug/infopage/orthoevra.
    • Ortho Evra information
  • 18
    • 0036202995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of a contraceptive patch (Evra/Ortho Evra) containing norelgestromin and ethinyloestradiol at four application sites
    • Abrams LS, Skee DM, Natarajan J, Wong FA, Anderson GD. Pharmacokinetics of a contraceptive patch (Evra/Ortho Evra) containing norelgestromin and ethinyloestradiol at four application sites. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2002; 53: 141-6.
    • (2002) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.53 , pp. 141-146
    • Abrams, L.S.1    Skee, D.M.2    Natarajan, J.3    Wong, F.A.4    Anderson, G.D.5
  • 19
    • 3342894947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive failure in the United States
    • Trussell J. Contraceptive failure in the United States. Contraception 2004; 70: 89-96.
    • (2004) Contraception , vol.70 , pp. 89-96
    • Trussell, J.1
  • 20
    • 0036177385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive efficacy and cycle control with the Ortho Evra/Evra transdermal system: The analysis of pooled data
    • Zieman M, Guillebaud J, Weisberg E, Shangold GA, Fisher AC, Creasy GW. Contraceptive efficacy and cycle control with the Ortho Evra/Evra transdermal system: the analysis of pooled data. Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 13-8.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.77 , pp. 13-18
    • Zieman, M.1    Guillebaud, J.2    Weisberg, E.3    Shangold, G.A.4    Fisher, A.C.5    Creasy, G.W.6
  • 21
    • 0036175479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative and pooled analysis of the safety and tolerability of the contraceptive patch (Ortho Evra/Evra)
    • Sibai BM, Odlind V, Meador ML, Shangold GA, Fisher AC, Creasy GW. A comparative and pooled analysis of the safety and tolerability of the contraceptive patch (Ortho Evra/Evra). Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 19-26.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.77 , pp. 19-26
    • Sibai, B.M.1    Odlind, V.2    Meador, M.L.3    Shangold, G.A.4    Fisher, A.C.5    Creasy, G.W.6
  • 22
  • 23
    • 36549090122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An initial pharmacokinetic study with a Metered Dose Transdermal Systemfor delivery of the progestogen Nestorone as a possible future contraceptive
    • Fraser IS, Weisberg E, Kumar N, et al. An initial pharmacokinetic study with a Metered Dose Transdermal Systemfor delivery of the progestogen Nestorone as a possible future contraceptive. Contraception 2007; 76: 432-8.
    • (2007) Contraception , vol.76 , pp. 432-438
    • Fraser, I.S.1    Weisberg, E.2    Kumar, N.3
  • 24
    • 0014787529 scopus 로고
    • Contraception by means of a silastic vaginal ring impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate
    • Mishell DR Jr, Talas M, Parlow AF, Moyer DL. Contraception by means of a silastic vaginal ring impregnated with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1970; 107: 100-7.
    • (1970) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.107 , pp. 100-107
    • Mishell Jr, D.R.1    Talas, M.2    Parlow, A.F.3    Moyer, D.L.4
  • 26
    • 0033795487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol released from a combined contraceptive vaginal ring
    • Timmer CJ, Mulders TM. Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel and ethinylestradiol released from a combined contraceptive vaginal ring. Clin Pharmacokinet 2000; 39: 233-42.
    • (2000) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.39 , pp. 233-242
    • Timmer, C.J.1    Mulders, T.M.2
  • 27
    • 55949115347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and management of breakthrough bleeding with continuous use of the transvaginal contraceptive ring: A randomized controlled trial
    • Sulak PJ, Smith V, Coffee A, Witt I, Kuehl AL, Kuehl TJ. Frequency and management of breakthrough bleeding with continuous use of the transvaginal contraceptive ring: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2008; 112: 563-71.
    • (2008) Obstet Gynecol , vol.112 , pp. 563-571
    • Sulak, P.J.1    Smith, V.2    Coffee, A.3    Witt, I.4    Kuehl, A.L.5    Kuehl, T.J.6
  • 28
    • 0037004986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High acceptability and satisfaction with Nuvaring use
    • Szarewski A. High acceptability and satisfaction with Nuvaring use. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2002; 7: 31-6.
    • (2002) Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care , vol.7 , pp. 31-36
    • Szarewski, A.1
  • 29
    • 39449099414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cycle control, tolerability, efficacy and acceptability of the vaginal contraceptive ring, NuvaRing: Results of clinical experience in Germany
    • Brucker C, Karck U, Merkle E. Cycle control, tolerability, efficacy and acceptability of the vaginal contraceptive ring, NuvaRing: results of clinical experience in Germany. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2008; 13: 31-8.
    • (2008) Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care , vol.13 , pp. 31-38
    • Brucker, C.1    Karck, U.2    Merkle, E.3
  • 30
    • 13844265878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) compared with a combined oral contraceptive: A 1-year randomized trial
    • Oddsson K, Leifels-Fischer B, de Melo NR, et al. Efficacy and safety of a contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) compared with a combined oral contraceptive: a 1-year randomized trial. Contraception 2005; 71: 176-82.
    • (2005) Contraception , vol.71 , pp. 176-182
    • Oddsson, K.1    Leifels-Fischer, B.2    de Melo, N.R.3
  • 31
    • 33845986347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of the combined contraceptive ring, NuvaRing, compared with an oral contraceptive containing 30 microg of ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone
    • Ahrendt HJ, Nisand I, Bastianelli C, et al. Efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of the combined contraceptive ring, NuvaRing, compared with an oral contraceptive containing 30 microg of ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg of drospirenone. Contraception 2006; 74: 451-7.
    • (2006) Contraception , vol.74 , pp. 451-457
    • Ahrendt, H.J.1    Nisand, I.2    Bastianelli, C.3
  • 32
    • 0035103518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of a novel contraceptive vaginal ring releasing etonogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol
    • Roumen FJ, Apter D, Mulders TM, Dieben TO. Efficacy, tolerability and acceptability of a novel contraceptive vaginal ring releasing etonogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol. Hum Reprod 2001; 16: 469-75.
    • (2001) Hum Reprod , vol.16 , pp. 469-475
    • Roumen, F.J.1    Apter, D.2    Mulders, T.M.3    Dieben, T.O.4
  • 34
    • 0021263152 scopus 로고
    • Ovarian function following a single administration of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) at different doses
    • Bassol S, Garza-Flores J, Cravioto MC, et al. Ovarian function following a single administration of depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) at different doses. Fertil Steril 1984; 42: 216-22.
    • (1984) Fertil Steril , vol.42 , pp. 216-222
    • Bassol, S.1    Garza-Flores, J.2    Cravioto, M.C.3
  • 36
    • 0028914373 scopus 로고
    • Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) use in adolescents: Uterine bleeding and blood pressure patterns, patient satisfaction, and continuation rates
    • Smith RD, Cromer BA, Hayes JR, Brown RT. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) use in adolescents: uterine bleeding and blood pressure patterns, patient satisfaction, and continuation rates. Adolesc Pediatr Gynecol 1995; 8: 24-28.
    • (1995) Adolesc Pediatr Gynecol , vol.8 , pp. 24-28
    • Smith, R.D.1    Cromer, B.A.2    Hayes, J.R.3    Brown, R.T.4
  • 37
    • 0032146793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) use in inner-city adolescents
    • Polaneczky M, Liblanc M. Long-term depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) use in inner-city adolescents. J Adolesc Health 1998; 23: 81-8.
    • (1998) J Adolesc Health , vol.23 , pp. 81-88
    • Polaneczky, M.1    Liblanc, M.2
  • 38
    • 0030220706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescents' reasons for and experience after discontinuation of the long-acting contraceptives Depo-Provera and Norplant
    • Harel Z, Biro FM, Kollar LM, Rauh JL. Adolescents' reasons for and experience after discontinuation of the long-acting contraceptives Depo-Provera and Norplant. J Adolesc Health 1996; 19: 118-23.
    • (1996) J Adolesc Health , vol.19 , pp. 118-123
    • Harel, Z.1    Biro, F.M.2    Kollar, L.M.3    Rauh, J.L.4
  • 39
    • 53449096072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral density in adolescent females using injectable or oral contraceptives: A 24-month prospective study
    • Cromer BA, Bonny AE, Stager M, et al. Bone mineral density in adolescent females using injectable or oral contraceptives: a 24-month prospective study. Fertil Steril 2008; 90: 2060-7.
    • (2008) Fertil Steril , vol.90 , pp. 2060-2067
    • Cromer, B.A.1    Bonny, A.E.2    Stager, M.3
  • 40
    • 74849087027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sivin I, Nash H, Waldman S. Jadelle levonorgestrel rod implants: a summary of scientific data and lessons learned from programmatic experience (monograph on the internet). New York: Population Council; 2002 (cited 2009 Mar 5). Available from: http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/jadelle-monograph.pdf
    • Sivin I, Nash H, Waldman S. Jadelle levonorgestrel rod implants: a summary of scientific data and lessons learned from programmatic experience (monograph on the internet). New York: Population Council; 2002 (cited 2009 Mar 5). Available from: http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/jadelle-monograph.pdf
  • 41
    • 0032412169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel released from the contraceptive implant Implanon
    • Wenzl R, van Beek A, Schnabel P, Huber J. Pharmacokinetics of etonogestrel released from the contraceptive implant Implanon. Contraception 1998; 58: 283-8.
    • (1998) Contraception , vol.58 , pp. 283-288
    • Wenzl, R.1    van Beek, A.2    Schnabel, P.3    Huber, J.4
  • 42
    • 67349127328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of a single-rod etonogestrel implant (Implanon): Results from 11 international clinical trials
    • Darney P, Patel A, Rosen K, Shapiro LS, Kaunitz AM. Safety and efficacy of a single-rod etonogestrel implant (Implanon): results from 11 international clinical trials. Fertil Steril 2009; 91(5): 164-53.
    • (2009) Fertil Steril , vol.91 , Issue.5 , pp. 164-253
    • Darney, P.1    Patel, A.2    Rosen, K.3    Shapiro, L.S.4    Kaunitz, A.M.5
  • 43
    • 0344765484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ovarian function during the use of a single contraceptive implant: Implanon compared with Norplant
    • Mäkäräinen L, van Beek A, Tuomivaara L, Asplund B, Coelingh Bennink H. Ovarian function during the use of a single contraceptive implant: Implanon compared with Norplant. Fertil Steril 1998; 69: 714-21.
    • (1998) Fertil Steril , vol.69 , pp. 714-721
    • Mäkäräinen, L.1    van Beek, A.2    Tuomivaara, L.3    Asplund, B.4    Coelingh Bennink, H.5
  • 44
    • 34247514819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine contraception: The pendulum swings back
    • MacIsaac L, Espey E. Intrauterine contraception: the pendulum swings back. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2007; 34: 91-111.
    • (2007) Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am , vol.34 , pp. 91-111
    • MacIsaac, L.1    Espey, E.2
  • 45
    • 74849131543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NJ: Berlex Laboratories;
    • Mirena (product monograph). Montville, NJ: Berlex Laboratories; 2003.
    • (2003) Montville
    • Mirena1
  • 46
    • 0028258807 scopus 로고
    • Levonorgestrel-releasing and copper-releasing (Nova T) IUDs during five years of use: A randomized comparative trial
    • Andersson K, Odlind V, Rybo G. Levonorgestrel-releasing and copper-releasing (Nova T) IUDs during five years of use: a randomized comparative trial. Contraception 1994; 49: 56-72.
    • (1994) Contraception , vol.49 , pp. 56-72
    • Andersson, K.1    Odlind, V.2    Rybo, G.3
  • 47
    • 34248672546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: Biological bases of their mechanism of action
    • Ortiz ME, Croxatto HB. Copper-T intrauterine device and levonorgestrel intrauterine system: biological bases of their mechanism of action. Contraception 2007; 75: 16-30.
    • (2007) Contraception , vol.75 , pp. 16-30
    • Ortiz, M.E.1    Croxatto, H.B.2
  • 48
    • 74849116926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stewart F, Trussell J, Van Look PFA. Emergency contraception. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007. p. 87-116.
    • Stewart F, Trussell J, Van Look PFA. Emergency contraception. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007. p. 87-116.
  • 49
    • 0017704886 scopus 로고
    • Ethinylestradiol and dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive
    • Yuzpe AA, Lancee WJ. Ethinylestradiol and dl-norgestrel as a postcoital contraceptive. Fertil Steril 1977; 28: 932-6.
    • (1977) Fertil Steril , vol.28 , pp. 932-936
    • Yuzpe, A.A.1    Lancee, W.J.2
  • 50
    • 0345085553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated estimates of the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception
    • Trussell J, Rodríguez G, Ellertson C. Updated estimates of the effectiveness of the Yuzpe regimen of emergency contraception. Contraception 1999; 59: 147-51.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.59 , pp. 147-151
    • Trussell, J.1    Rodríguez, G.2    Ellertson, C.3
  • 51
    • 0032497132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception. Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Lancet 1998; 352: 428-33
    • Randomised controlled trial of levonorgestrel versus the Yuzpe regimen of combined oral contraceptives for emergency contraception. Task Force on Postovulatory Methods of Fertility Regulation. Lancet 1998; 352: 428-33.
  • 54
    • 0029962305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: Findings from the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization
    • Peterson HB, Xia Z, Hughes JM, Wilcox LS, Tylor LR, Trussell J. The risk of pregnancy after tubal sterilization: findings from the U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996; 174: 1161-8.
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , pp. 1161-1168
    • Peterson, H.B.1    Xia, Z.2    Hughes, J.M.3    Wilcox, L.S.4    Tylor, L.R.5    Trussell, J.6
  • 55
    • 74849103542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollack AE, Thomas LJ, Barone MA. Female and male sterilization. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 361-402.
    • Pollack AE, Thomas LJ, Barone MA. Female and male sterilization. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 361-402.
  • 56
    • 0033034006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poststerilization regret: Findings from the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization
    • Hillis SD, Marchbanks PA, Tylor LR, Peterson HB. Poststerilization regret: findings from the United States Collaborative Review of Sterilization. Obstet Gynecol 1999; 93: 889-95.
    • (1999) Obstet Gynecol , vol.93 , pp. 889-895
    • Hillis, S.D.1    Marchbanks, P.A.2    Tylor, L.R.3    Peterson, H.B.4
  • 57
    • 0035179825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety and effectiveness of a new hysteroscopic method for permanent birth control: Results of the first Essure pbc clinical study
    • Kerin JF, Carignan CS, Cher D. The safety and effectiveness of a new hysteroscopic method for permanent birth control: results of the first Essure pbc clinical study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2001; 41: 364-70.
    • (2001) Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.41 , pp. 364-370
    • Kerin, J.F.1    Carignan, C.S.2    Cher, D.3
  • 58
    • 34548057579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain associated with hysteroscopic sterilization
    • Syed R, Levy J, Childers ME. Pain associated with hysteroscopic sterilization. JSLS 2007; 11: 63-5.
    • (2007) JSLS , vol.11 , pp. 63-65
    • Syed, R.1    Levy, J.2    Childers, M.E.3
  • 59
    • 33748117147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women: Data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth
    • Chandra A, Martinez GM, Mosher WD, Abma JC, Jones J. Fertility, family planning, and reproductive health of U.S. women: data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Vital Health Stat 2005; 23: 1-160.
    • (2005) Vital Health Stat , vol.23 , pp. 1-160
    • Chandra, A.1    Martinez, G.M.2    Mosher, W.D.3    Abma, J.C.4    Jones, J.5
  • 60
    • 74849094268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Warner L, Steiner MJ. Male condoms. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 297-316.
    • Warner L, Steiner MJ. Male condoms. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 297-316.
  • 62
    • 74849124176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cates W, Raymond EG. Vaginal barriers and spermicides. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 317-36.
    • Cates W, Raymond EG. Vaginal barriers and spermicides. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 317-36.
  • 63
    • 13544256434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of female and male condoms in preventing exposure to semen during vaginal intercourse: A randomized trial
    • Galvão LW, Oliveira LC, Díaz J, Kim DJ, Marchi N, van Dam J, et al. Effectiveness of female and male condoms in preventing exposure to semen during vaginal intercourse: a randomized trial. Contraception 2005; 71: 130-6.
    • (2005) Contraception , vol.71 , pp. 130-136
    • Galvão, L.W.1    Oliveira, L.C.2    Díaz, J.3    Kim, D.J.4    Marchi, N.5    van Dam, J.6
  • 65
    • 0027085769 scopus 로고
    • Acceptability of a new intravaginal barrier contraceptive device (Femcap)
    • Shihata AA, Gollub E. Acceptability of a new intravaginal barrier contraceptive device (Femcap). Contraception 1992; 46: 511-9.
    • (1992) Contraception , vol.46 , pp. 511-519
    • Shihata, A.A.1    Gollub, E.2
  • 66
    • 84944282940 scopus 로고
    • Toxic shock syndrome and the vaginal contraceptive sponge
    • Faich G, Pearson K, Fleming D, Sobel S, Anello C. Toxic shock syndrome and the vaginal contraceptive sponge. JAMA 1986; 255: 216-8.
    • (1986) JAMA , vol.255 , pp. 216-218
    • Faich, G.1    Pearson, K.2    Fleming, D.3    Sobel, S.4    Anello, C.5
  • 68
    • 0032552228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases
    • Roddy RE, Zekeng L, Ryan KA, Tamoufé U, Weir SS, Wong EL. A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 504-10.
    • (1998) N Engl J Med , vol.339 , pp. 504-510
    • Roddy, R.E.1    Zekeng, L.2    Ryan, K.A.3    Tamoufé, U.4    Weir, S.S.5    Wong, E.L.6
  • 69
    • 34247847906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel disulphide esters of carbothioic acid as potent, non-detergent spermicides with low toxicity to Lactobacillus and HeLa cells in vitro
    • Jain RK, Maikhuri JP, Kiran Kumar ST, Sharma VL, Dwivedi AK, Mitra K, et al. Novel disulphide esters of carbothioic acid as potent, non-detergent spermicides with low toxicity to Lactobacillus and HeLa cells in vitro. Hum Reprod 2007; 22: 708-16.
    • (2007) Hum Reprod , vol.22 , pp. 708-716
    • Jain, R.K.1    Maikhuri, J.P.2    Kiran Kumar, S.T.3    Sharma, V.L.4    Dwivedi, A.K.5    Mitra, K.6
  • 70
    • 74849090244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jennings VH, Arevalo M. Fertility awareness-based methods. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 343-60.
    • Jennings VH, Arevalo M. Fertility awareness-based methods. In: Hatcher RA, Trussell J, Nelson AL, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kowal D. Contraceptive technology. 19th ed. New York, NY: Ardent Media; 2007; pp. 343-60.
  • 71
    • 0036016042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a new method of family planning: The Standard Days Method
    • Arévalo M, Jennings V, Sinai I. Efficacy of a new method of family planning: the Standard Days Method. Contraception 2002; 65: 333-8.
    • (2002) Contraception , vol.65 , pp. 333-338
    • Arévalo, M.1    Jennings, V.2    Sinai, I.3
  • 72
    • 0032706955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Two Day Algorithm: A new algorithm to identify the fertile time of the menstrual cycle
    • Sinai I, Jennings V, Arévalo M. The Two Day Algorithm: a new algorithm to identify the fertile time of the menstrual cycle. Contraception 1999; 60: 65-70.
    • (1999) Contraception , vol.60 , pp. 65-70
    • Sinai, I.1    Jennings, V.2    Arévalo, M.3
  • 75
    • 36248998874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and oral contraceptive failure: Findings from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth
    • Brunner Huber LR, Toth JL. Obesity and oral contraceptive failure: findings from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 166: 1306-11.
    • (2007) Am J Epidemiol , vol.166 , pp. 1306-1311
    • Brunner Huber, L.R.1    Toth, J.L.2
  • 76
    • 0036177385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive efficacy and cycle control with the Ortho Evra/Evra transdermal system: The analysis of pooled data
    • Zieman M, Guillebaud J, Weissberg E, Shangold GA, Fisher AC, Creasy GW. Contraceptive efficacy and cycle control with the Ortho Evra/Evra transdermal system: the analysis of pooled data. Fertil Steril 2002; 77: 13-8.
    • (2002) Fertil Steril , vol.77 , pp. 13-18
    • Zieman, M.1    Guillebaud, J.2    Weissberg, E.3    Shangold, G.A.4    Fisher, A.C.5    Creasy, G.W.6
  • 77
    • 70349751659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive choices of women 35-44 years of age: Findings from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Huber LR, Huber KR. Contraceptive choices of women 35-44 years of age: findings from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Ann Epidemiol 2009; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2009) Ann Epidemiol
    • Huber, L.R.1    Huber, K.R.2
  • 78
    • 16444365970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contraceptive vaccines
    • Naz RK. Contraceptive vaccines. Drugs 2005; 65: 593-603.
    • (2005) Drugs , vol.65 , pp. 593-603
    • Naz, R.K.1
  • 79
    • 28544431623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in contraceptive vaccine development: A mini-review
    • Naz RK, Gupta SK, Gupta JC, Vyas HK, Talwar GP. Recent advances in contraceptive vaccine development: a mini-review. Hum Reprod 2005; 20: 3271-83.
    • (2005) Hum Reprod , vol.20 , pp. 3271-3283
    • Naz, R.K.1    Gupta, S.K.2    Gupta, J.C.3    Vyas, H.K.4    Talwar, G.P.5
  • 80
    • 57749210223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of contraceptive vaccines
    • Naz RK. Status of contraceptive vaccines. Am J Reprod Immunol 2008; 61: 11-18.
    • (2008) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.61 , pp. 11-18
    • Naz, R.K.1
  • 81
    • 0028106164 scopus 로고
    • A vaccine that prevents pregnancy in women
    • Talwar GP, Singh O, Pal R, et al. A vaccine that prevents pregnancy in women. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 8532-6.
    • (1994) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.91 , pp. 8532-8536
    • Talwar, G.P.1    Singh, O.2    Pal, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.