메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 15-25

The hydra polyp: Nothing but an active stem cell community

Author keywords

Adult stem cell; Differentiation; Multipotentiality; Self renewal; Stem cell niche

Indexed keywords

CELL POPULATION; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CYTOLOGY; ECOLOGICAL NICHE; EPITHELIUM CELL; INVERTEBRATE; NONHUMAN; POLYP (CNIDARIAN); REVIEW; STEM CELL; VERTEBRATE;

EID: 74549224399     PISSN: 00121592     EISSN: 1440169X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.2009.01143.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (102)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 66949128691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric cell divisions: A view from plant development
    • Review
    • Abrash, E. B. Bergmann, D. C. 2009. Asymmetric cell divisions: a view from plant development. Dev Cell. 16 (6 783 796. Review.
    • (2009) Dev Cell. , vol.16 , Issue.6 , pp. 783-796
    • Abrash, E.B.1    Bergmann, D.C.2
  • 4
    • 0021468999 scopus 로고
    • Growth regulation in Hydra: Relationship between epithelial cell cycle length and growth rate
    • Bosch, T. C. G. David, C. N. 1984. Growth regulation in Hydra: Relationship between epithelial cell cycle length and growth rate. Dev. Biol. 104, 161 171.
    • (1984) Dev. Biol. , vol.104 , pp. 161-171
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1    David, C.N.2
  • 5
    • 0023239199 scopus 로고
    • Stem cells of Hydra magnipapillata can differentiate into somatic cells and germ line cells
    • Bosch, T. C. G. David, C. N. 1987. Stem cells of Hydra magnipapillata can differentiate into somatic cells and germ line cells. Dev. Biol. 121, 182 191.
    • (1987) Dev. Biol. , vol.121 , pp. 182-191
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1    David, C.N.2
  • 6
    • 0026039123 scopus 로고
    • Role of the cellular environment in interstitial stem cell proliferation in hydra
    • Bosch, T. C. G., Rollbühler, R., Scheider, B. David, C. N. 1991. Role of the cellular environment in interstitial stem cell proliferation in hydra. Roux's Arch Dev Biol. 200, 269 276.
    • (1991) Roux's Arch Dev Biol. , vol.200 , pp. 269-276
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1    Rollbühler, R.2    Scheider, B.3    David, C.N.4
  • 7
    • 0034997324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyps, peptides and patterning
    • Bosch, T. C. G. Fujisawa, T. 2001. Polyps, peptides and patterning. BioEssays. 23 (5 420 427.
    • (2001) BioEssays. , vol.23 , Issue.5 , pp. 420-427
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1    Fujisawa, T.2
  • 8
    • 4644247878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of asymmetric cell divisions: Will cnidarians provide an answer?
    • Review
    • Bosch, T. C. G. 2004. Control of asymmetric cell divisions: will cnidarians provide an answer? Bioessays. 26 (9 929 931. Review.
    • (2004) Bioessays. , vol.26 , Issue.9 , pp. 929-931
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1
  • 9
    • 33847355937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why polyps regenerate and we don′t: Towards a cellular and molecular framework for Hydra regeneration
    • Bosch, T. C. G. 2007. Why polyps regenerate and we don′t: towards a cellular and molecular framework for Hydra regeneration. Dev. Biol. 303 (2 421 433.
    • (2007) Dev. Biol. , vol.303 , Issue.2 , pp. 421-433
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1
  • 10
    • 65449182840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydra and the evolution of stem cells
    • Bosch, T. C. G. 2009. Hydra and the evolution of stem cells. BioEssays. 31 (4 478 486.
    • (2009) BioEssays. , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 478-486
    • Bosch, T.C.G.1
  • 11
    • 0027942611 scopus 로고
    • Spermatogenesis following male germ-cell transplantation
    • Brinster, R. L. Zimmermann, J. W. 1994. Spermatogenesis following male germ-cell transplantation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91, 11298 11302.
    • (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 11298-11302
    • Brinster, R.L.1    Zimmermann, J.W.2
  • 12
    • 21644472189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of the head organizer in hydra involves the canonical Wnt pathway
    • Broun, M., Gee, L., Reinhardt, B. Bode, H. R. 2005. Formation of the head organizer in hydra involves the canonical Wnt pathway. Development. 132 (12 2907 2916.
    • (2005) Development. , vol.132 , Issue.12 , pp. 2907-2916
    • Broun, M.1    Gee, L.2    Reinhardt, B.3    Bode, H.R.4
  • 14
    • 0014089602 scopus 로고
    • Tissue dynamics of steady state growth in Hydra littoralis
    • Campbell, R. D. 1967. Tissue dynamics of steady state growth in Hydra littoralis. I. Patterns of cell division. Dev Biol. 15 (5 487 502.
    • (1967) I. Patterns of Cell Division. Dev Biol. , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 487-502
    • Campbell, R.D.1
  • 15
    • 0025313294 scopus 로고
    • Label-retaining cells reside in the bulge area of pilosebaceous unit: Implications for follicular stem cells, hair cycle, and skin carcinogenesis
    • Cotsarelis, G., Sun, T. T. Lavker, R. M. 1990. Label-retaining cells reside in the bulge area of pilosebaceous unit: implications for follicular stem cells, hair cycle, and skin carcinogenesis. Cell. 61, 1329 1337.
    • (1990) Cell. , vol.61 , pp. 1329-1337
    • Cotsarelis, G.1    Sun, T.T.2    Lavker, R.M.3
  • 16
    • 0037030730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A conserved RNA-binding protein controls germline stem cells in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Crittenden, S. L., Bernstein, D. S., Bachorik, J. L., Thompson, B. E., Gallegos, M., et al. 2002. A conserved RNA-binding protein controls germline stem cells in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature. 417, 660 663.
    • (2002) Nature. , vol.417 , pp. 660-663
    • Crittenden, S.L.1    Bernstein, D.S.2    Bachorik, J.L.3    Thompson, B.E.4    Gallegos, M.5
  • 17
    • 0015400989 scopus 로고
    • Cell cycle kinetics and development of Hydra attenuata
    • David, C. N. Campbell, R. D. 1972. Cell cycle kinetics and development of Hydra attenuata. I. Epithelial cells. J Cell Sci. 11 (2 557 568.
    • (1972) I. Epithelial Cells. J Cell Sci. , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 557-568
    • David, C.N.1    Campbell, R.D.2
  • 18
    • 0000630481 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of interstitial cells and differentiating nematocytes in nests in Hydra attenuata
    • David, C. N. Challoner, D. 1974. Distribution of interstitial cells and differentiating nematocytes in nests in Hydra attenuata. Am. Zool. 14, 537 542.
    • (1974) Am. Zool. , vol.14 , pp. 537-542
    • David, C.N.1    Challoner, D.2
  • 19
    • 0017694748 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of interstitial stem cells in hydra by cloning
    • David, C. N. Murphy, S. 1977. Characterization of interstitial stem cells in hydra by cloning. Dev Biol. 58 (2 372 383.
    • (1977) Dev Biol. , vol.58 , Issue.2 , pp. 372-383
    • David, C.N.1    Murphy, S.2
  • 21
    • 0017804309 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the self-renewal probability in Hydra stem cell clones
    • David, C. N. MacWilliams, H. 1978. Regulation of the self-renewal probability in Hydra stem cell clones. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 75, 886 890.
    • (1978) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. , vol.75 , pp. 886-890
    • David, C.N.1    MacWilliams, H.2
  • 22
    • 0018832860 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of interstitial stem cells in Hydra
    • David, C. N. Plotnick, I. 1980. Distribution of interstitial stem cells in Hydra. Dev Biol. 76 (1 175 184.
    • (1980) Dev Biol. , vol.76 , Issue.1 , pp. 175-184
    • David, C.N.1    Plotnick, I.2
  • 23
    • 0017737114 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of hemopoietic stem cells and production of differentiated progeny in allogeneic and semiallogeneic bone marrow chimeras in vitro
    • Dexter, T. M., Moore, M. A. Sheridan, A. P. 1977. Maintenance of hemopoietic stem cells and production of differentiated progeny in allogeneic and semiallogeneic bone marrow chimeras in vitro. J. Exp. Med. 145, 1612 1616.
    • (1977) J. Exp. Med. , vol.145 , pp. 1612-1616
    • Dexter, T.M.1    Moore, M.A.2    Sheridan, A.P.3
  • 24
    • 67649920749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth factors, matrices, and forces combine and control stem cells
    • Review
    • Discher, D. E., Mooney, D. J. Zandstra, P. W. 2009. Growth factors, matrices, and forces combine and control stem cells. Science. 324 (5935 1673 1677. Review.
    • (2009) Science. , vol.324 , Issue.5935 , pp. 1673-1677
    • Discher, D.E.1    Mooney, D.J.2    Zandstra, P.W.3
  • 25
    • 0023631294 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation pathways of ectodermal epithelial cells in hydra
    • Dübel, S., Hoffmeister, S. A. Schaller, H. C. 1987. Differentiation pathways of ectodermal epithelial cells in hydra. Differentiation. 35 (3 181 189.
    • (1987) Differentiation. , vol.35 , Issue.3 , pp. 181-189
    • Dübel, S.1    Hoffmeister, S.A.2    Schaller, H.C.3
  • 26
    • 66049129451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Finding one's niche in the skin. 2009
    • Fuchs, E. 2009. Finding one's niche in the skin. 2009. Cell Stem Cell. 4 (6 499 502.
    • (2009) Cell Stem Cell. , vol.4 , Issue.6 , pp. 499-502
    • Fuchs, E.1
  • 27
    • 0024560419 scopus 로고
    • Role of interstitial cell migration in generating position-dependent patterns of nerve cell differentiation in Hydra
    • Fujisawa, T. 1989. Role of interstitial cell migration in generating position-dependent patterns of nerve cell differentiation in Hydra. Dev Biol. 133 (1 77 82.
    • (1989) Dev Biol. , vol.133 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-82
    • Fujisawa, T.1
  • 28
    • 44249126288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydra peptide project 1993-2007
    • Review
    • Fujisawa, T. 2008. Hydra peptide project 1993-2007. Dev Growth Differ. 50 Suppl. 1, S257 68. Review.
    • (2008) Dev Growth Differ. 50 Suppl. , vol.1 , pp. 257-68
    • Fujisawa, T.1
  • 31
    • 34548386126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing places: A novel type of niche and stem cell coordination in the Drosophila ovary
    • Gilboa, L. Lehmann, R. 2007. Changing places: a novel type of niche and stem cell coordination in the Drosophila ovary. Cell Stem Cell. 1 (3 239 240.
    • (2007) Cell Stem Cell. , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 239-240
    • Gilboa, L.1    Lehmann, R.2
  • 32
    • 46049115446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A triumvirate at the testis tip: Sharing the power of stem cell control
    • Gilboa, L. 2008. A triumvirate at the testis tip: sharing the power of stem cell control. Dev Cell. 15 (1 5 6.
    • (2008) Dev Cell. , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-6
    • Gilboa, L.1
  • 33
    • 0031054572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pattern of differentiated nerve cells in hydra is determined by precursor migration
    • Hager, G. David, C. N. 1997. Pattern of differentiated nerve cells in hydra is determined by precursor migration. Development. 124 (2 569 576.
    • (1997) Development. , vol.124 , Issue.2 , pp. 569-576
    • Hager, G.1    David, C.N.2
  • 35
    • 53149107863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compagen, a comparative genomics platform for early branching metazoan animals, reveals early origins of genes regulating stem cell differentiation
    • Hemmrich, G. Bosch, T. C. G. 2008. Compagen, a comparative genomics platform for early branching metazoan animals, reveals early origins of genes regulating stem cell differentiation. BioEssays. 20 (10 1010 1018.
    • (2008) BioEssays. , vol.20 , Issue.10 , pp. 1010-1018
    • Hemmrich, G.1    Bosch, T.C.G.2
  • 38
    • 34548130839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transgenic stem cells in Hydra reveal an early evolutionary origin for key elements controlling self-renewal and differentiation
    • Khalturin, K., Anton-Erxleben, F., Milde, S., Plötz, C., Wittlieb, J., Hemmrich, G. Bosch, T. C. G. 2007. Transgenic stem cells in Hydra reveal an early evolutionary origin for key elements controlling self-renewal and differentiation. Developmental Biology. 309 (1 32 44.
    • (2007) Developmental Biology. , vol.309 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-44
    • Khalturin, K.1    Anton-Erxleben, F.2    Milde, S.3    Plötz, C.4    Wittlieb, J.5    Hemmrich, G.6    Bosch, T.C.G.7
  • 39
    • 33846226547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila ovary: An active stem cell community
    • Review. Erratum in: Cell Res. 2007 17(3):271
    • Kirilly, D. Xie, T. 2007. The Drosophila ovary: an active stem cell community. Cell Res. 17 (1 15 25. Review. Erratum in: Cell Res. 2007 17(3):271.
    • (2007) Cell Res. , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-25
    • Kirilly, D.1    Xie, T.2
  • 41
    • 33748947689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding hematopoietic stem-cell microenvironments
    • Review
    • Li, Z. Li, L. 2006. Understanding hematopoietic stem-cell microenvironments. Trends Biochem Sci. 31 (10 589 595. Review.
    • (2006) Trends Biochem Sci. , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 589-595
    • Li, Z.1    Li, L.2
  • 44
    • 0034839408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universal occurrence of the vasa-related genes among metazoans and their germline expression in Hydra
    • Mochizuki, K., Nishimiya-Fujisawa, C. Fujisawa, T. 2001. Universal occurrence of the vasa-related genes among metazoans and their germline expression in Hydra. Dev Genes Evol. 211 (6 299 308.
    • (2001) Dev Genes Evol. , vol.211 , Issue.6 , pp. 299-308
    • Mochizuki, K.1    Nishimiya-Fujisawa, C.2    Fujisawa, T.3
  • 45
    • 0031008521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro maintenance of highly purified, transplantable hematopoietic stem cells
    • Moore, K. A., Ema, H. Lemischka, I. R. 1997. In vitro maintenance of highly purified, transplantable hematopoietic stem cells. Blood. 89, 4337 4347.
    • (1997) Blood. , vol.89 , pp. 4337-4347
    • Moore, K.A.1    Ema, H.2    Lemischka, I.R.3
  • 48
    • 0036591968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal stem cells protect their genome by selective segregation of template DNA strands
    • Potten, C. S., Owen, G. Booth, D. 2002. Intestinal stem cells protect their genome by selective segregation of template DNA strands. J. Cell Sci. 115, 2381 2388.
    • (2002) J. Cell Sci. , vol.115 , pp. 2381-2388
    • Potten, C.S.1    Owen, G.2    Booth, D.3
  • 49
    • 0025652227 scopus 로고
    • Systematic analysis of the ability of stromal cell lines derived from different murine adult tissues to support maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro
    • Rios, M. Williams, D. A. 1990. Systematic analysis of the ability of stromal cell lines derived from different murine adult tissues to support maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. J. Cell Physiol. 145, 434 443.
    • (1990) J. Cell Physiol. , vol.145 , pp. 434-443
    • Rios, M.1    Williams, D.A.2
  • 50
    • 0028963195 scopus 로고
    • Functionally distinct human marrow stromal cell lines immortalized by transduction with the human papiloma virus E6/E7 genes
    • Roecklein, B. A. Torok-Storb, B. 1995. Functionally distinct human marrow stromal cell lines immortalized by transduction with the human papiloma virus E6/E7 genes. Blood. 85, 997 1005.
    • (1995) Blood. , vol.85 , pp. 997-1005
    • Roecklein, B.A.1    Torok-Storb, B.2
  • 51
    • 0018102359 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the spleen colony-forming cell and the hamatopopietic stem cell
    • Schofield, R. 1978. The relationship between the spleen colony-forming cell and the hamatopopietic stem cell. A hypothesis. Blood Cells. 4, 7 25.
    • (1978) A Hypothesis. Blood Cells. , vol.4 , pp. 7-25
    • Schofield, R.1
  • 52
    • 37349016028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell type complexity in the basal metazoan Hydra is maintained by both stem cell based mechanisms and transdifferentiation
    • Siebert, S., Anton-Erxleben, F. Bosch, T. C. G. 2007. Cell type complexity in the basal metazoan Hydra is maintained by both stem cell based mechanisms and transdifferentiation. Dev. Biol. 313, 13 24.
    • (2007) Dev. Biol. , vol.313 , pp. 13-24
    • Siebert, S.1    Anton-Erxleben, F.2    Bosch, T.C.G.3
  • 53
    • 0029948374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor beta 1 directly and reversibly inhibits the initial cell divisions of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells
    • Sitnicka, E., Ruscetti, F. W., Priestley, G. V., Wolf, N. S. Bartelmez, S. H. 1996. Transforming growth factor beta 1 directly and reversibly inhibits the initial cell divisions of long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells. Blood. 88, 82 88.
    • (1996) Blood. , vol.88 , pp. 82-88
    • Sitnicka, E.1    Ruscetti, F.W.2    Priestley, G.V.3    Wolf, N.S.4    Bartelmez, S.H.5
  • 54
    • 0029074210 scopus 로고
    • Nematocyte differentiation in hydra: Commitment to nematocyte type occurs at the beginning of the pathway
    • Shimizu, H. Bode, H. R. 1995. Nematocyte differentiation in hydra: commitment to nematocyte type occurs at the beginning of the pathway. Dev Biol. 169 (1 136 150.
    • (1995) Dev Biol. , vol.169 , Issue.1 , pp. 136-150
    • Shimizu, H.1    Bode, H.R.2
  • 55
    • 0037036134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Germline stem cells anchored by adherens junctions in the Drosophila ovary niches
    • Song, X., Zhu, C. H., Doan, C. Xie, T. 2002. Germline stem cells anchored by adherens junctions in the Drosophila ovary niches. Science. 296, 1855 1857.
    • (2002) Science. , vol.296 , pp. 1855-1857
    • Song, X.1    Zhu, C.H.2    Doan, C.3    Xie, T.4
  • 56
    • 33947301272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epigenetic signatures of stem-cell identity
    • Spivakov, M. Fisher, A. G. 2007. Epigenetic signatures of stem-cell identity. Nat Rev Genet. 8 (4 263 271.
    • (2007) Nat Rev Genet. , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 263-271
    • Spivakov, M.1    Fisher, A.G.2
  • 60
    • 67650170197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Important roles for epithelial cell peptides in hydra development
    • Review
    • Takahashi, T. Fujisawa, T. 2009. Important roles for epithelial cell peptides in hydra development. Bioessays. 31 (6 610 619. Review.
    • (2009) Bioessays. , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 610-619
    • Takahashi, T.1    Fujisawa, T.2
  • 61
    • 0029104293 scopus 로고
    • The cnidarian cnidocyte, a high-tech cellular weaponry
    • Tardent, P. 1995. The cnidarian cnidocyte, a high-tech cellular weaponry. BioEssays. 17, 351 362.
    • (1995) BioEssays. , vol.17 , pp. 351-362
    • Tardent, P.1
  • 62
    • 0030220303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypic maturation of neurons and continuous precursor migration in the formation of the peduncle nerve net in Hydra
    • Technau, U. Holstein, T. W. 1996. Phenotypic maturation of neurons and continuous precursor migration in the formation of the peduncle nerve net in Hydra. Dev Biol. 177 (2 599 615.
    • (1996) Dev Biol. , vol.177 , Issue.2 , pp. 599-615
    • Technau, U.1    Holstein, T.W.2
  • 63
    • 0025233819 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal patterns of interstitial cell migration in Hydra vulgaris
    • Teragawa, C. K. Bode, H. R. 1990. Spatial and temporal patterns of interstitial cell migration in Hydra vulgaris. Dev Biol. 138 (1 63 81.
    • (1990) Dev Biol. , vol.138 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-81
    • Teragawa, C.K.1    Bode, H.R.2
  • 64
    • 0028871503 scopus 로고
    • Migrating interstitial cells differentiate into neurons in hydra
    • Teragawa, C. K. Bode, H. R. 1995. Migrating interstitial cells differentiate into neurons in hydra. Dev Biol. 171 (2 286 293.
    • (1995) Dev Biol. , vol.171 , Issue.2 , pp. 286-293
    • Teragawa, C.K.1    Bode, H.R.2
  • 65
    • 0035930688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of stem cell self-renewal in Drosophila spermatogenesis by JAK-STAT signaling
    • Tulina, N. Matunis, E. 2001. Control of stem cell self-renewal in Drosophila spermatogenesis by JAK-STAT signaling. Science. 294, 2546 2549.
    • (2001) Science. , vol.294 , pp. 2546-2549
    • Tulina, N.1    Matunis, E.2
  • 67
    • 0034644602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A niche maintaining germ line stem cells in the Drosophila ovary
    • Xie, T. Spradling, A. C. 2000. A niche maintaining germ line stem cells in the Drosophila ovary. Science. 290, 328 330.
    • (2000) Science. , vol.290 , pp. 328-330
    • Xie, T.1    Spradling, A.C.2
  • 68
    • 34250797935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells and their niche: An inseparable relationship
    • Xie, T. Li, L. 2007. Stem cells and their niche: an inseparable relationship. Development. 134 (11 2001 2006.
    • (2007) Development. , vol.134 , Issue.11 , pp. 2001-2006
    • Xie, T.1    Li, L.2
  • 69
    • 0242363225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the haematopoietic stem cell niche and control of the niche size
    • Zhang, J., Niu, C., Ye, L., Huang, H., et al. 2003. Identification of the haematopoietic stem cell niche and control of the niche size. Nature. 425, 836 841.
    • (2003) Nature. , vol.425 , pp. 836-841
    • Zhang, J.1    Niu, C.2    Ye, L.3    Huang, H.4
  • 70
    • 44349096923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cell niche: Microenvironment and beyond
    • Review
    • Zhang, J. Li, L. 2008. Stem cell niche: microenvironment and beyond. J Biol Chem. 283 (15 9499 9503. Review.
    • (2008) J Biol Chem. , vol.283 , Issue.15 , pp. 9499-9503
    • Zhang, J.1    Li, L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.