Evaluation of approaches to calculate critical metal loads for forest ecosystems

Environmental Pollution

Volumn 157, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 3422-3432

  de Vries, W ^a   Groenenberg, J E ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Critical limits; Critical loads; Deposition; Forests; Metals

Indexed keywords

CRITICAL LEVEL; CRITICAL LIMIT; CRITICAL LOAD; CRITICAL LOADS; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; METAL CYCLES; METAL DEPOSITION; METAL EMISSIONS; NETHERLANDS; SOIL TYPES; TARGET LOAD;

CHEMICAL SPECIATION; ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTRY; LEAD; ZINC;

METALS;

CADMIUM; COPPER; LEAD; METAL; ZINC;

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE; CADMIUM; COPPER; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; LEAD; NUMERICAL MODEL; SPECIATION (CHEMISTRY); UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; ZINC;

ARTICLE; CALCULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FOREST; HYDROLOGY; LAND USE; NETHERLANDS; SOIL ANALYSIS; SOIL POLLUTION; STEADY STATE;

ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; METALS; TREES;

DEPOSITION; ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTS; LEAD; LOADS; METALS; NETHERLANDS; ZINC;

NETHERLANDS;

EID: 74449094007     PISSN: 02697491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.06.021     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Allen H.E. The significance of trace metal speciation for water, sediment and soil quality standards. Science of the Total Environment 134 (1993) 23-45
2. Arduini I., Godbold D.L., and Onnis A. Cadmium and copper change root-growth and morphology of pinus-pinea and pinus-pinaster seedlings. Physiologia Plantarum 92 (1992) 675-680
3. Ashmore, M., Shotbolt, L., Hill, M., Hall, J., Spurgeon, D., Svendsen, C., Fawehinimi, J., Heywood, E., Tipping, E., Lofts, S., Lawlor, A., Jordan, C., 2004. Further Development of an Effects (Critical Loads) Based Approach for Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc. Final Report, EPG 1/3/188.
4. Bååth E. Effects of heavy metals in soil on microbial processes and populations: a review. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 47 (1989) 335-379
5. Bengtsson G., and Tranvik L. Critical metal concentrations for forest soil invertebrates. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 47 (1989) 381-417
6. Bergkvist B., Folkeson L., and Berggren D. Fluxes of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni in temperate forest ecosystems. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 47 (1989) 217-286
7. Bleeker, A., 2004. Depositie van vier zware metalen op Nederland in 2000, 2010 en 2030. TNO rapport R 2004/022.
8. Boekhold A.E., Temminghoff E.J.M., and van der Zee S.E.A.T.M. Influence of electrolyte composition and pH on cadmium sorption by an acid sandy soil. Journal of Soil Science 44 (1993) 85-96
9. Bringmark E., and Bringmark L. Disappearance of spatial variability and structure in forest floors - a distinct effect of air pollution?. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 85 (1995) 761-766
10. Bringmark L., Bringmark E., and Samuelsson B. Effects on mor layer respiration by small experimental additions of mercury and lead. Science of the Total Environment 213 (1998) 115-119
11. Bryan S.E., Tipping E., and Hamilton-Taylor J. Comparison of measured and modelled copper binding by natural organic matter in freshwaters. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 133 (2002) 37-49
12. Campbell P.G.C. Interactions between trace metals and aquatic organisms: a critique on the free-ion activity model. In: Tessier A., and Turner D.R. (Eds). Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems (1995), John Wiley & Sons, New York 45-102
13. Chernenkova T.V., and Kuperman R.G. Changes in the Spruce forest communities along a heavy metal deposition gradient on Kola Peninsula. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 111 (1999) 187-200
14. De Vries W., and Bakker D.J. Manual for Calculating Critical Loads of Heavy Metals for Terrestrial Ecosystems. Guidelines for Critical Limits, Calculation Methods and Input Data (1998), DLO Winand Staring Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands Report 166
15. De Vries W., and Leeters E.E.J.M. Chemical Composition of the Humus Layer, Mineral Soil and Soil Solution of 150 Forest Stands in the Netherlands in 1990 (2001), Alterra, Green World Research, Wageningen (Netherlands) Alterra rapport 424.1
16. De Vries W., Römkens P.F.A.M., and Voogd J.C.H. Prediction of the Long Term Accumulation and Leaching of Zinc in Dutch Agricultural Soils: a Risk Assessment Study (2004), Alterra Green World Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands Rapport 1030
17. De Vries W., Lofts S., Tipping E., Meili M., Groenenberg B.J., and Schütze G. Impact of soil properties on critical concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and mercury in soil and soil solution in view of ecotoxicological effects. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 191 (2007) 47-89
18. De Vries W., Schütze G., Lofts S., Tipping E., Meili M., Römkens P.F.A.M., and Groenenberg J.E. Calculation of Critical Loads for Cadmium, Lead and Mercury. Background Document to a Mapping Manual on Critical Loads of Cadmium, Lead and Mercury (2005), Alterra, Green World Research, Wageningen Alterra Report 1104
19. Dell B., and Wilson S.A. Effect of zinc supply on growth of three species of Eucalyptus seedlings and wheat. Plant and Soil 88 (1985) 377-384
20. Di Toro D.M., Allen H.E., Bergman H.L., Meyer J.S., Paquin P.R., and Santore R.C. Biotic ligand model of the acute toxicity of metals. 1. Technical basis. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20 (2001) 2383-2396
21. Doyle P.J., Gutzman D.W., Sheppard M.I., Sheppard S.C., Bird G.A., and Hrebenyk D. An ecological risk assessment of air emissions of trace metals from copper and zinc production facilities. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 9 (2003) 607-636
22. Dwane G.C., and Tipping E. Testing a humic speciation model by titration of copper-amended natural waters. Environment International 24 (1998) 609-616
23. Groenenberg J.E., Römkens P.F.A.M., and De Vries W. Prediction of the Long Term Accumulation and Leaching of Copper in Dutch Agricultural Soils: a Risk Assessment Study (2006), Alterra Green World Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands Rapport 1278
24. Groenenberg J.E., Römkens P.F.A.M., Tipping E., Pampoura T., de Vries W., and Schütze G. Transfer functions for the calculation of critical loads for lead, cadmium and mercury. Proceedings Expert Meeting on Critical Limits for Heavy Metals and Methods for Their Application, Berlin 2-4 December 2002, Held under the UN/ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (2003), Umweltbundesamt, Berlin UBA-Texte 47/03
25. Groenenberg, J.E., Römkens, P.F.A.M., Comans, R.N.J., Luster, J., Pampura, T., Shotbolt, L., Tipping, E., de Vries, W. Transfer functions for solid solution partitioning of cadmium, copper, nickel, lead and zinc: derivation of relations for free metal ion activities and validation on independent data. European Journal of Soil Science, in press.
26. Helmisaari H.S., Makkonen K., Olsson M., Viksna A., and Malkonen E. Fine-root growth, mortality and heavy metal concentrations in limed and fertilized Pinus silvestris (L.) stands in the vicinity of a Cu-Ni smelter in SW Finland. Plant and Soil 209 (1999) 193-200
27. Karolewski P., and Giertych M.J. Influence of toxic metal-ions on phenols in needles and roots, and on root respiration of Scots pine-seedlings. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 63 (1994) 29-35
28. Klap, J.M., de Vries, W., Leeters, E.E.J.M., 1999. Effects of Acid Atmospheric Deposition on the Chemical Composition of Loess, Clay and Peat Soils under Forest in the Netherlands. Wageningen. Staring Centre Report 97.1.
29. Koptsik S.V., Koptsik G.N., and Meryashkina L.V. Ordination of plant communities in forest biogeocenoses under conditions of air pollution in the northern Kola Peninsula. Russian Journal of Ecology 35 (2004) 161-170
30. Leeters E.E.J.M., and de Vries W. Chemical Composition of the Humus Layer, Mineral Soil and Soil Solution of 200 Forest Stands in the Netherlands in 1995 (2001), Alterra, Green World Research, Wageningen (Netherlands) Alterra rapport 424.2
31. Lofts S., Spurgeon D.J., Svendsen C., and Tipping E. Deriving soil critical limits for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb: a method based on free ion concentrations. Environmental Science & Technology 38 (2004) 3623-3631
32. Lofts S., Chapman P., Dwyer R., McLaughlin M., Schoeters I., Sheppard S., Adams W., Alloway B., Antunes P., Campbell P., Davies B., Degryse F., de Vries W., Farley K.J., Garrett R.G., Green A., Groenenberg B.J., Hale B., Harrass M., Hendershot W.H., Keller A., Lanno R., Liang T., Liu W.-X., Ma Y., Menzie C., Moolenaar S.W., Piatkiewicz W., Reimann C., Rieuwerts J.S., Santore R.C., Sauvé S., Schuetze G., Schlekat C., Skeaff J., Smolders E., Tao S., Wilkins J., and Zhao F.-J. Critical loads of metals and other trace elements to terrestrial environments. Environmental Science & Technology 41 (2007) 6326-6331
33. Menon M., Hermle S., Günthardt-Goerg M.S., and Schulin R. Effects of heavy metal soil pollution and acid rain on growth and water use efficiency of a young model forest ecosystem. Plant and Soil 297 (2007) 171-183
34. Morel F.M.M. Principles of Aquatic Chemistry (1983), Wiley, New York
35. Nilsson J., and Grennfelt P. Critical Loads for Sulphur and Nitrogen. Report from a Workshop held at Skokloster Sweden March 19-24 1988. Miljø rapport 1988: 15 (1988), Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen, Denmark
36. Oldenkamp L., and Smilde K.W. Copper deficiency in Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Plant and Soil 25 (1966) 150-152
37. Palmborg C., Bringmark L., Bringmark E., and Nordgren A. Multivariate analysis of microbial activity and soil organic matter at a forest site subjected to low-level heavy metal pollution. Ambio 27 (1998) 53-57
38. Pampura T., Groenenberg J.E., and Rietra R.P.T.M. Comparison of methods for copper free ion activity determination in soil solutions of contaminated and background soils. Forest Snow and Landscape Research 80 (2006) 305-322
39. Pampura T., Groenenberg J.E., Lofts S., and Priputina I. Validation of transfer functions predicting Cd and Pb free metal ion activity in soil solution as a function of soil characteristics and reactive metal content. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 184 (2007) 217-234
40. Poschenrieder C., and Barceló J. Water relations in heavy metal stressed plants. In: Prasad M.N.V., and Hagemeyer J. (Eds). Heavy Metal Stress in Plants - from Molecules to Ecosystem (1999), Springer, Berlin 207-229
41. Pukacki P.M., and Kaminska-Rozek E. Long-term implications of industrial pollution stress on lipids composition in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Roots. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 24 (2002) 249-255
42. Rautio P., Kukkola E., and Huttunen S. Growth alterations in Scots pine seedlings grown in metal-polluted forest soil: implications for restorative forest management. Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality 79 (2005) 52-58
43. Ritchie G.S.P., and Sposito G. Speciation in soils. In: Ure A.M., and Davidson C.M. (Eds). Chemical Speciation in the Environment (2001), Blackwell Science, Oxford 237-264
44. Römkens P.F.A.M., Groenenberg J.E., Bonten L.T.C., de Vries W., and Bril J. Derivation of Partition Relationships to Calculate Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn Solubility and Activity in Soil Solutions (2004), Alterra, Wageningen Alterra rapport 305
45. Santore R.C., Di Toro D.M., Paquin P.R., Allen H.E., and Meyer J.S. Biotic ligand model of the acute toxicity of metals. 2. Application to acute copper toxicity in freshwater fish and Daphnia. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 20 (2001) 2397-2402
46. Sauvé S., Norvell W.A., McBride M.B., and Hendershot W.H. Speciation and complexation of cadmium in extracted soil solutions. Environmental Science & Technology 34 (2000) 291-296
47. Slootweg J., Hettelingh J.-P., Posch M., Schütze G., Spranger T., de Vries W., Reinds G.J., van't Zelfde M., Dutchak S., and Ilyin I. European critical loads of cadmium, lead and mercury and their exceedances. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus 7 (2007) 371-377
48. Spellerberg I.F. Ecological effects of roads and traffic: a literature review. Global Ecology and Biogeography 7 (1998) 317-333
49. Spurgeon D.J., and Hopkin S.P. Effects of variations of the organic matter content and pH of soils on the availability and toxicity of zinc to the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Pedobiologia 40 (1996) 80-96
50. Steinnes E., and Friedland A.J. Metal contamination of natural surface soils from long-range atmospheric transport: existing and missing knowledge. Environmental Reviews 14 (2006) 169-186
51. Thakali S., Allen H.E., Di Toro D.M., Ponizovsky A.A., Rooney C.P., Zhao F.-J., McGrath S.P., Criel P., van Eeckhout H., Janssen C.R., Oorts K., and Smolders E. Terrestrial biotic ligand model. 2. Application to Ni and Cu toxicities to plants, invertebrates, and microbes in soil. Environmental Science & Technology 40 (2006) 7094-7100
52. Tietema A., and Verstraten J.M. Nitrogen cycling in an acid forest ecosystem in the Netherlands under increased atmospheric nitrogen input. Biogeochemistry 15 (1991) 21-46
53. Tipping E. Humic ion-binding Model VI: an improved description of the interactions of protons and metal ions with humic substances. Aquatic Geochemistry 4 (1998) 3-47
54. Tipping E. Cation Binding by Humic Substances (2002), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
55. Tipping E. Modelling Al competition for heavy metal binding by dissolved organic matter in soil and surface waters of acid and neutral pH. Geoderma 127 (2005) 293-304
56. Tipping E., Woof C., and Hurley M.A. Humic substances in acid surface waters; modelling aluminium binding, contribution to ionic charge-balance, and control of pH. Water Research 25 (1991) 425-435
57. Tipping E., Rey-Castro C., Bryan S.E., and Hamilton-Taylor J. Al(III) and Fe(III) binding by humic substances in freshwaters, and implications for trace metal speciation. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66 (2002) 3211-3224
58. Tipping E., Rieuwerts J., Pan G., Ashmore M.R., Lofts S., Hill M.T.R., Farago M.E., and Thornton I. The solid-solution partitioning of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in upland soils of England and Wales. Environmental Pollution 125 (2003) 213-225
59. Tyler G. Critical Concentrations of Heavy Metals in the Mor Horizon of Swedish Forests (1992), Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna, Sweden Report 4078
60. UBA. Mapping Manual 2004. Manual on Methodologies and Criteria for Modelling and Mapping Critical Loads and Levels and Air Pollution Effects, Risks and Trends (2004). www.icpmapping.org
61. Vulkan R., Zhao F.-J., Barbosa-Jefferson V., Preston S., Paton G.I., Tipping E., and McGrath S.P. Copper speciation and impacts on bacterial biosensors in the pore water of copper-contaminated soils. Environmental Science & Technology 34 (2000) 5115-5121
62. Weng L.P., Temminghoff E.J.M., and van Riemsdijk W.H. Determination of the free ion concentration of trace metals in soil solution using a soil column Donnan membrane technique. European Journal of Soil Science 52 (2001) 629-637