Effects of variations of the organic matter content and pH of soils on the availability and toxicity of zinc to the earthworm Eisenia fetida

Pedobiologia

Volumn 40, Issue 1, 1996, Pages 80-96

  Spurgeon, D J ^a   Hopkin, S P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Binding sites; Bioavailability; Cation exchange; Clay; Extrapolation; Zinc toxicity

Indexed keywords

EARTHWORM; ORGANIC MATTER; PH; ZINC;

EISENIA FETIDA;

EID: 0029667023     PISSN: 00314056     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Aldenberg, T., Slob, W. (1993) Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 25, 48-63.
2. Belfroid, A. (1994) Toxicokinetics of hydrophobic chemicals in earthworms. Validation of the equilibrium partitioning theory. Ph.D. thesis, University of Utrecht.
3. Belfroid, A., Seinen, W., Van Gestel, C. A. M., Hermens, J. (1993a) The acute toxicity of chlorobenzenes for earthworms (Eisenia andrei) in different exposure systems. Chemosphere 26, 2265-2277.
4. Belfroid, A., Van Wezel, A., Sikkenk, M., Van Gestel, C. A. M., Seinen, W., Hermens, J. (1993b) The toxicokinetic behaviour of chlorobenzenes in earthworms (Eisenia andrei) - experiments in water. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 25, 154-165.
5. Bengtsson, G., Gunnarsson, T., Rundgren, S. (1986) Effects of metal pollution on the earthworm Dendrobaena rubida (Sav) in acidified soils. Wat. Air Soil Pollut. 28, 361-383.
6. Beyer, W. N., Hensler, G., Moore, J. (1987) Relation of pH and other soil variables to concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn and Se in earthworms. Pedobiologia 30, 167-172.
7. Brady, N. C. (1990) The Nature and Properties of Soil, 10th edition. Macmillan Publishing Co. New York, USA.
8. Crommentuijn, T. (1994) Sensitivity of Soil Arthropods to Toxicants. Ph.D. Thesis. Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
9. Drobne, D., Hopkin, S. P. (1994) Ecotoxicological Laboratory Test for Assessing the Effects of Chemicals on Terrestrial Isopods. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 53, 390-397.
10. Hopkin, S. P. (1989) Ecophysiology of Metals in Terrestrial Invertebrates. Elsevier Applied Science, London, UK.
11. Hopkin, S. P., Hames, C. A. C. (1994) Zinc, among a 'cocktail' of metal pollutants, is responsible for the absence of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber from the vicinity of a primary smelting works. Ecotoxicology 2, 68-78.
12. Hopkin, S. P., Jones, D. T., Dietrich, D. (1993) The terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber as a monitor of the bioavailability of metals: towards a global 'woodlouse watch' scheme. Sci. Total Environ. Supplement, Part 1, 357-365.
13. Ireland, M. P. (1983) Heavy metal uptake and tissue distribution in earthworms. In: Earthworm Ecology Eds. J. E. Satchell. Chapman and Hall, London, UK, pp. 247-265.
14. Kiewet, A. T., Ma, W. C. (1991) Effect of pH and calcium on lead and cadmium uptake by earthworms in water. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 21, 32-37.
15. Larsen, B., Pelusio, F., Skejo, H., Payapreza, A. (1992) Bioavailability of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the soil to earthworm (L. rubellus) system. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 46, 149-162.
16. Ma, W. C. (1982) The influence of soil properties and worm related factors on the concentration of heavy metals in earthworms. Pedobiologia 24, 109-119.
17. Ma, W. C. (1983) Regenwormen als bio-indicators van bodemverontreiniging. Bodembescherming 15. staatsuitgeverij, The Hague.
18. Ma, W. C. (1984) Sub-lethal toxic effects of copper on growth, reproduction and litter breakdown activity in the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus, with observations on the influence of temperature and soil pH. Environ. Pollut. Ser. A 33, 207-219.
19. Ma, W. C. (1987) Heavy metal accumulation in the mole, Talpa europea, and earthworms as an indicator of metal availability in terrestrial environments. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 39, 933-938.
20. Ma, W. C. (1989) Effects of soil pollution with metallic lead pellets on lead bioaccumulation and organ/body weight alterations in small mammals. Arch. Environ. Cotam. Toxicol. 18, 617-622.
21. Ma, W. C., Edelman, T., Van Beesum, I., Jans, T. (1983) Uptake of cadmium, zinc, lead and copper by earthworms near a zinc-smelting complex: influence of soil pH and organic matter. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 30, 424-427.
22. Martin, M. H., Bullock, R. J. (1994) The impact and fate of heavy metals in an oak woodland ecosystem. In: Toxic metals in soil-plant systems. Ed. Ross, S. M., John Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 327-365.
23. Morgan, J. E., Morgan, A. J. (1988) Earthworms as biological monitors of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in metalliferous soils. Environ. Pollut. 54, 123-138.
24. Morgan, J. E., Morgan, A. J. (1989) Zinc sequestration by earthworm (Annelid: Oligochaeta) chloragocytes, an in vivo examination using fully quantitative electron probe X-ray micro-analysis. Histochemistry 90, 405-411.
25. OECD (1984) Guidelines for the testing of chemicals No. 207 Earthworm acute toxicity tests. OECD Adopted 4 April 1984.
26. Perämäki, P., Ithamies, J., Kopltunen, V., Lajunen, L. H. J. (1992) Influence of pH on the accumulation of cadmium and lead in earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) under controlled conditions. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 29, 105-111.
27. Reinecke, A. J., Viljoen, S. A. (1990) The influence of worm density on growth and cocoon production of the compost worm Eisenia fetida (Oligochaeta). Rev. Écol. Biol. Sol 27, 221-230.
28. Ross, S. M. (1994) (Ed.) Toxic Metals in Soil-Plant Systems. Wiley, Chichester, UK.
29. Spurgeon, D. J., Hopkin, S. P. (1995) Extrapolation of the laboratory-based OECD earthworm test to metal-contaminated field sites. Ecotoxicology 4, 190-205.
30. Spurgeon, D. J., Hopkin, S. P., Jones, D. T. (1994) Effects of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc on growth, reproduction and survival of the earthworm Eisenia fetida (Savigny): Assessing the environmental impact of point-source metal contamination in terrestrial ecosystems. Environ. Pollut. 84, 123-130.
31. Van Gestel, C. A. M. (1992) The influence of soil characteristics on the toxicity of chemicals for earthworms: A review. In: Ecotoxicology of Earthworms. Eds. H. Becker et al. Intercept Ltd., Hants, UK, pp. 44-54.
32. Van Gestel, C. A. M. (in press) Extrapolation from laboratory experiments. Contribution for the workshop. Ecological Principles for Risk Assessment of Contaminants in Soil. Arnhem 1994.
33. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Ma, W. C. (1988) Toxicity and bioaccumulation of chlorophenols in earthworms, in relation to bioavailability in soil. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 15, 289-297.
34. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Ma, W. C. (1990) An approach to quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) in earthworm toxicity studies. Chemosphere 21, 1023-1033.
35. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Ma, W. C. (1993) Development of QSARs in soil ecotoxicology - earthworm toxicity and soil sorption of chlorophenol, chlorobenzenes and chloroanilines. Wat. Air Soil Pollut. 69, 265-276.
36. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Van Dis, W. A. (1988) The influence of soil characteristics on the toxicity of four chemicals to the earthworm Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta). Biol. Fertil. Soils 6, 262-265.
37. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Van Dis, W. A., Van Breemen, E. M., Sparenburg, P. M. (1989) Development of a standardized reproduction toxicity test with the earthworm species Eisenia andrei using copper, pentachlorophenol and 2,4-dichloroaniline. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 18, 305-312.
38. Van Gestel, C. A. M., Dirven-Van Breemen, E. M., Baerselman, R. (1992) Influence of environmental conditions on the growth and reproduction of the earthworm Eisenia andrei in an artificial soil substrate. Pedobiologia 36, 109-120.
39. Van Straalen, N. M. (1993) Soil and sediment quality criteria derived from invertebrate toxicity data. In: Ecotoxicology of Metals in Invertebrates. Eds. R. Dallinger and P. S. Rainbow, Lewis, Chelsea, USA, pp. 427-441.
40. Van Straalen, N. M., Denneman, C. A. J. (1989) Ecotoxicological evaluation of soil quality criteria. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 18, 241-251.
41. Van Wensem, J., Vegter, J. J., Van Straalen, N. M. (1994) Soil quality criteria derived from critical body concentrations of metals in soil invertebrates. Appl. Soil Ecol. 24, 185-191.
42. Wild, A. (1993) Soils and the Environment: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
43. Williams, D. A. (1971) A test for differences between treatment means when several dose levels are compared to a zero dose control. Biometrics 21, 103-117.
44. Williams, D. A. (1972) The comparison of several dose levels with a zero dose control. Biometrics 28, 519-531.