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For other syntheses of pyrroles, see: (c) Baxendale, I. R.; Brusotti, G.; Matsuoka, M.; Ley, S. V. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 2002, 143. (d) Turner, S. C.; Zhai, H.; Rapoport, H. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 861. (e) Girard, S.; Robins, R. J.; Villieras, J.; Lebreton, J. Tetrahedron Lett. 2000, 41. 9245. (f) Habermann, J.; Ley, S. V.; Scott, J. S. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 1253. (g) Xu, Y.; Choi, J.; Calaza, M. I.; Turner, S.; Rapoport, H. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 4069.
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For comprehensive syntheses of pyrroles, see: (h) Gossauer, A. In Methoden der Organischen Chemie (Houben-Weyl); Kreher, R. P., Ed.; Georg Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, New York, 1994; Vol. E6a, pp 556-798. (i) Chadwick, D. J. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry; Katritzky, A. R., Rees, C. W., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, New York, 1984; Vol. 2, pp 155-200.
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For comprehensive syntheses of pyridines, see: (j) Spitzner, D. In Methoden der Organischen Chemie (Houben-Weyl); Kreher, R. P., Ed.; Georg Thieme Verlag: Stuttgart, New York, 1992; Vol. E7b, pp 286-686. (k) Johnson, C. D. In Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry; Katritzky, A. R., Rees, C. W., Eds.; Pergamon Press: Oxford, U.K., 1984; Vol. 4, pp 99-164.
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For Kumada and Negishi coupling, see: (a) Minato, A.; Tamao, K.; Hayashi, T.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5319. (b) Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tamao, K.; Kumada, M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 511. (c) Tamao, K.; Kodama, S.; Nakajima, I.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3347. (d) Tamao, K.; Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M.; Tsujimoto, K.; Hamada, M. (Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986. For Cu-catalyzed coupling, see: (e) Kauffmann, T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1974, 13, 291. (f) Gjos, N.; Gronowitz, S. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 2596.
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20
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37049095830
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For Kumada and Negishi coupling, see: (a) Minato, A.; Tamao, K.; Hayashi, T.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5319. (b) Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tamao, K.; Kumada, M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 511. (c) Tamao, K.; Kodama, S.; Nakajima, I.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3347. (d) Tamao, K.; Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M.; Tsujimoto, K.; Hamada, M. (Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986. For Cu-catalyzed coupling, see: (e) Kauffmann, T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1974, 13, 291. (f) Gjos, N.; Gronowitz, S. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 2596.
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21
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1942460739
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For Kumada and Negishi coupling, see: (a) Minato, A.; Tamao, K.; Hayashi, T.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5319. (b) Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tamao, K.; Kumada, M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 511. (c) Tamao, K.; Kodama, S.; Nakajima, I.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3347. (d) Tamao, K.; Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M.; Tsujimoto, K.; Hamada, M. (Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986. For Cu-catalyzed coupling, see: (e) Kauffmann, T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1974, 13, 291. (f) Gjos, N.; Gronowitz, S. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 2596.
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(Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986
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For Kumada and Negishi coupling, see: (a) Minato, A.; Tamao, K.; Hayashi, T.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5319. (b) Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tamao, K.; Kumada, M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 511. (c) Tamao, K.; Kodama, S.; Nakajima, I.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3347. (d) Tamao, K.; Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M.; Tsujimoto, K.; Hamada, M. (Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986. For Cu-catalyzed coupling, see: (e) Kauffmann, T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1974, 13, 291. (f) Gjos, N.; Gronowitz, S. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 2596.
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Tamao, K.1
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Hamada, M.6
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For Kumada and Negishi coupling, see: (a) Minato, A.; Tamao, K.; Hayashi, T.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 5319. (b) Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Tamao, K.; Kumada, M. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1984, 511. (c) Tamao, K.; Kodama, S.; Nakajima, I.; Kumada, M. Tetrahedron 1982, 38, 3347. (d) Tamao, K.; Minato, A.; Suzuki, K.; Kumada, M.; Tsujimoto, K.; Hamada, M. (Hokko Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho 61037705, 1986. For Cu-catalyzed coupling, see: (e) Kauffmann, T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1974, 13, 291. (f) Gjos, N.; Gronowitz, S. Acta Chem. Scand. 1971, 25, 2596.
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The oxidative insertion of low-valent transition metals to N-H and O-H bonds is well known; for example, see: (a) Yamamoto, T.; Sano, K.; Yamamoto, A. Chem. Lett. 1982, 907. (b) Seligson, A. L.; Cowan, R. L.; Trogler, W. C. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3371 and references therein.
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The oxidative insertion of low-valent transition metals to N-H and O-H bonds is well known; for example, see: (a) Yamamoto, T.; Sano, K.; Yamamoto, A. Chem. Lett. 1982, 907. (b) Seligson, A. L.; Cowan, R. L.; Trogler, W. C. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 3371 and references therein.
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