Is the German ggsuspension of MON810 maize cultivation scientifically justified?

Transgenic Research

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-12

  Ricroch, Agnès ^a   Bergé, Jean Baptiste ^b   Kuntz, Marcel ^c  

^a UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SUD   (France)

^b CEMAGREF   (France)

^c CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

Bt; Cry1Ab; Environmental policy; Non target arthropods; Risk assessment; Systematic reviews

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; ARTHROPODA; COCCINELLIDAE; DAPHNIA; HEXAPODA; LEPIDOPTERA; ZEA MAYS;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMAL; ANIMAL FOOD; BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL; DAPHNIA; ECOLOGY; ECOTOXICOLOGY; EVALUATION; EXPERT WITNESS; GENETICS; GERMANY; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; LEGAL ASPECT; LEPIDOPTERA; LETTER; MAIZE; METHODOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; RISK ASSESSMENT; TRANSGENIC PLANT;

AGRICULTURE; ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; DAPHNIA; ECOLOGY; ECOTOXICOLOGY; EXPERT TESTIMONY; GERMANY; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; LEPIDOPTERA; PEST CONTROL, BIOLOGICAL; PLANTS, GENETICALLY MODIFIED; RISK ASSESSMENT; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 73949092119     PISSN: 09628819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11248-009-9297-5     Document Type: Letter

References (65)

1. Anderson PL, Hellmich RLII, Prasifka JR, Lewis LC (2005) Effects on fitness and behavior of monarch butterfly larvae exposed to a combination of Cry1ab-expressing corn anthers and pollen. Environ Entomol 34: 944-952.
2. Beachy RN, Fedoroff NV, Goldberg RB, McHughen A (2008) The burden of proof: a response to Rosi-Marshall et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105, 7: 9.
3. Bōhn T, Primicerio R, Hessen DO, Traavik T (2008) Reduced fitness of Daphnia magna fed a Bt-transgenic maize variety. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 55: 584-592.
4. Bosch D, Schipper B, van der Kleij H, de Maagd RA, Stiekema WJ (1994) Recombinant Bacillus thuringiensis crystal proteins with new properties: possibilities for resistance management. Bio/Technology 12: 915-918.
5. Bourguet D, Chaufaux J, Micoud A, Delos M, Naïbo B, Bombarde F, Marque G, Eychenne N, Pagliari C (2002) Ostrinia nubilalis parasitism and the field abundance of non-target insects in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn (Zea mays). Environ Biosaf Res 1: 49-60.
6. Bruck DJ, Lopez MD, Lewis LC, Prasifka JR, Gunnarson RD (2006) Effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn and permethrin on nontarget arthropods. J Agr Urban Entomol 23: 111-124.
7. Brun-Barale A, Bouvier JC, Pauron D, Bergé JB, Sauphanor B (2005) Involvement of a sodium channel mutation in pyrethroid resistance in Cydia pomonella L., and development of a diagnostic test. Pest Manag Sci 61: 549-554.
8. Büchs W, Prescher S, Müller A (2004) Entwicklungsverzögerungen bei Zersetzern und ihren Räubern nach Aufnahme von MON 810 Bt-Maisstreu. Folgen für das Ökosystem. SiFo Project Status Seminar. Sicherheitsforschung und Monitoring. Berlin, June 16th 2004. http://www. gmo-safety. eu/en/maize/soil/308. docu. html.
9. Burel F, Allsopp N, Ricroch A, Baudry A (2009) Research programmes in ecology. In: Burel F (ed) Plurality of science for interdisciplinarity and policy making. Theoretical findings from analyses of sustainable development in agriculture. Bentham E-book, Paris (in press).
10. Candolfi MP, Brown K, Grimm C, Reber B, Schmidli H (2004) A faunistic approach to assess potential side-effects of genetically modified Bt-corn on non-target arthropods under field conditions. Biocontrol Sci Tech 14: 129-170.
11. Coll A, Nadal A, Collado R, Capellades G, Messeguer J, Melé E, Palaudelmàs M, Pla M (2009) Gene expression profiles of MON810 and comparable non-GM maize varieties cultured in the field are more similar than are those of conventional lines. http://www. springerlink. com/content/f5l108080521538u/?p=b57038dca946410d90b10c84d2c790a9& pi=3.
12. Davies HTO, Nutley SM (2001) Evidence-based policy and practice: moving from rhetoric to reality. In: Proceedings of the third international Interdisciplinary Evidence-based Policies and Indicator Systems Conference, pp 86-95.
13. Delrio G, Verdinelli M, Serra G (2004) Monitoring of pest and beneficial insect populations in summer sown Bt maize. IOBC/WPRS Bull 27: 43-48.
14. Dively GP, Rose R, Sears MK, Hellmich RL, Stanley-Horn DE, Calvin DD, Russo JM, Anderson PL (2004) Effects on monarch butterfly larvae (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) after continuous exposure to Cry1Ab-expressing corn during anthesis. Environ Entomol 33: 1116-1125.
15. Douville M, Gagné F, Masson L, McKay J, Blais C (2005) Tracking the source of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab endotoxin in the environment. Biochem Syst Ecol 33: 219-232.
16. Douville M, Gagné F, Blaise C, André C (2007) Occurrence and persistence of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and transgenic Bt corn cry1Ab gene from an aquatic environment. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 66: 195-203.
17. Felke M, Langenbruch GA (2005) Auswirkungen des Pollens von transgenem Mais auf ausgewählte Schmetterlingslarven. BfN Skripten 157. http://www. bfn. de/fileadmin/MDB/documents/skript157. pdf.
18. Górecka J, Godzina M, Dabrowski ZT (2008) Effect of Bt maize MON 810 expressing Cry 1 Ab toxin on Aphidius colemani in tritrophic plant-herbivore-parasitoid system. J Plant Prot Res 48: 130-136.
19. Griffiths BS, Caul S, Thompson J, Birch ANE, Cortet J, Andersen MN, Krogh PH (2007) Microbial and microfaunal community structure in cropping systems with genetically modified plants. Pedobiologia 51(3): 195-206.
20. Griffiths NA, Tank JL, Royer TV, Rosi-Marshall EJ, Whiles MR, Chambers CP, Frauendorf TC, Evans-White MA (2009) Rapid decomposition of maize detritus in agricultural headwater streams. Ecol Appl 19: 133-142.
21. Hellmich RL, Siegfried BD, Sears MK, Stanley-Horn DE, Daniels MJ, Mattila HR, Spencer T, Bidne KG, Lewis LC (2001) Monarch larvae sensitivity to Bacillus thuringiensis-purified proteins and pollen. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11925-11930.
22. Hoheisel GA, Fleischer SJ (2007) Coccinellids, aphids, and pollen in diversified vegetable fields with transgenic and isoline varieties. J Insect Sci 7: Article 61. http://www. benthos. org/database/allnabstracts. cfm/db/Columbia2007abstracts/id/370.
23. Hubert J, Kudlíková-Křížková I, Stejskal V (2008) Effect of MON 810 Bt transgenic maize diet on stored-product moths (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Crop Prot 27: 489-496.
24. Icoz I, Stotzky G (2008) Fate and effects of insect-resistant Bt crops in soil ecosystems. Soil Biol Biochem 40: 559-586.
25. Jesse LCH, Obrycki JJ (2000) Field deposition of Bt transgenic corn pollen: lethal effects on the monarch butterfly. Oecologia 125: 241-248.
26. Kuntz M (2008) Grenelle de l'environnement et plantes génétiquement modifiées. In: Les Cahiers Rationalistes n°593, March-April. http://www. union-rationaliste. org/index. php/Cahiers-Rationalistes/Les-Cahiers-Rationalistes-n-593/Fiche-detaillee. html.
27. Lang A, Vojtech E (2006) The effects of pollen consumption of transgenic Bt maize on the common swallowtail, Papilio machaon L. (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). Basic Appl Ecol 7: 296-306.
28. Laurent C, Baudry J, Berriet-Solliec M, Kirsch M, Perraud D, Tinel B, Trouvé A, Allsopp N, Bonnafous P, Burel F, Carneiro MJ, Giraud C, Labarthe P, Matose F, Ricroch A (2008) Around the notion of "Evidence based policy". Communication to the colloquium. 'The words of development: origins, usage and trajectories'. Paris, 13-14 Dec 2008.
29. Losey JE, Rayor LS, Carter ME (1999) Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae. Nature 399: 214.
30. Lövei GL, Andow DA, Arpaia S (2009) Transgenic insecticidal crops and natural enemies: a detailed review of laboratory studies. Environ Entomol 38(2): 293-306.
31. Manachini B (2003) Effects of transgenic corn on Lydella thompsoni Hertig (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitoid of Ostrinia nubilalis Hb. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Boll Zool Agrar Bachic 35: 111-125.
32. Marvier M, McCreedy C, Regetz J, Kareiva P (2007) A meta-analysis of effects of Bt cotton and maize on non-target invertebrates. Science 316: 1475-1477.
33. Mattila HR, Sears MK, Duan JJ (2005) Response of Danaus plexippus to pollen of two new Bt corn events via laboratory bioassay. Entomol Exp Appl 116: 31-41.
34. Minorsky PV (2001) The hot and the classic. The monarch butterfly controversy. Plant Physiol 127: 709-710.
35. Moser SE, Harwood JD, Obrycki JJ (2008) Larval feeding on Bt hybrid and non-Bt corn seedlings by Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Coleomegilla maculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Environ Entomol 37: 525-533.
36. Musser FR, Shelton AM (2003) Bt-sweet corn and selective insecticides: impacts on pests and predators. J Econ Entomol 96: 71-80.
37. Naranjo SE (2009) Impacts of Bt crops on non-target invertebrates and insecticide use patterns. CAB Rev Perspect Agric Vet Sci Nutr Nat Resour 4: 23.
38. Orr DB, Landis DA (1997) Oviposition of European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and impact of natural enemy populations in transgenic versus isogenic corn. J Econ Entomol 90: 905-909.
39. Parrott W (2008) Study of Bt impact on caddisflies overstates its conclusions: response to Rosi-Marshall et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105 7: E10.
40. Pilcher CD, Rice ME, Obrycki JJ (2005) Impact of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn and crop phenology on five nontarget arthropods. Environ Entomol 34: 1302-1316.
41. Pleasants JM, Hellmich RL, Dively GP, Sears MK, Stanley-Horn DE, Mattila HR, Foster JE, Clark TL, Jones GD (2001) Corn pollen deposition on milkweeds in and near cornfields. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11913-11918.
42. Pokelsek JD, Rosi-Marshall EJ, Chambers CP, Griffiths NA, Evans-White MA, Tank JL, Whiles MR, Royer TV (2007) Effects of Bt corn pollen on caddisfly growth rates in Midwestern agricultural streams. Poster presented at the NABS Annual meetings, Columbia, South Carolina.
43. Rauschen S, Schultheis E, Pagel-Wieder S, Schuphan I, Eber S (2009) Impact of Bt-corn MON88017 in comparison to three conventional lines on Trigonotylus caelestialium (Kirkaldy) (Heteroptera: Miridae) field densities. Transgenic Res 18: 203-214.
44. Raybould A (2007) Ecological versus ecotoxicological methods for assessing the environmental risks of transgenic crops. Plant Sci 173: 589-602.
45. Ricroch A, Jésus F (2009) Consultations of stakeholders on the roles of research in relation to genetically modified plants in France. Publ Underst Sci 18(1): 91-102.
46. Romeis J, Bartsch D, Bigler F, Candolfi MP, Gielkens MMC, Hartley SE, Hellmich RL, Huesing JE, Jepson PC, Layton R, Quemada H, Raybould A, Rose RI, Schiemann J, Sears MK, Shelton AM, Sweet J, Vaituzis Z, Wolt JD (2006a) Moving through the tiered and methodological framework for non-target arthropod risk assessment of transgenic insecticidal crops. In: Ninth international symposium on biosafety of genetically modified organisms biosafety research and environmental risk assessment. Jeju Island, Korea, pp 64-69. http://www. isbr. info/isbgmo/docs/9th_isbgmo_program. pdf.
47. Romeis J, Meissle M, Bigler F (2006b) Transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and biological control. Nat Biotechnol 24: 63-67.
48. Romeis J, Bartsch D, Bigler F, Candolfi MP, Gielkens MMC, Hartley SE, Hellmich RL, Huesing JE, Jepson PC, Layton R, Quemada H, Raybould A, Rose RI, Schiemann J, Sears MK, Shelton AM, Sweet J, Vaituzis Z, Wolt JD (2008) Assessment of risk of insect-resistant transgenic crops to non-target arthropods. Nat Biotechnol 26: 203-208.
49. Rosi-Marshall EJ, Tank JL, Royer TV, Whiles MR, Evans-White M, Chambers C, Griffiths NA, Pokelsek J, Stephen ML (2007) Toxins in transgenic crop byproducts may affect headwater stream ecosystems. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104: 16204-16208.
50. Rosi-Marshall EJ, Tank JL, Royer TV, Whiles MR (2008) Reply to Beachy et al. and Parrott: Study indicates Bt corn may affect caddisflies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 11.
51. Sanvido O, Romeis J, Bigler F (2007) Ecological impacts of genetically modified crops: ten years of field research and commercial cultivation. Adv Biochem Eng 107: 235-278.
52. Schmidt JEU, Braun CU, L'Abate C, Whitehouse LP, Hilbeck A (2004) Studies on effects of Bacillus thuringiensis-toxins from transgenic insect-resistant plants on predaceous lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Mitt Dtsch Ges Allg Angew Entomol 14(1-6): 419-422.
53. Schmidt JEU, Braun CU, Whitehouse LP, Hilbeck A (2009) Effects of Activated Bt Transgene Products (Cry1Ab, Cry3Bb) on immature stages of the ladybird Adalia bipunctata in laboratory ecotoxicity testing. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 56: 221-228.
54. Sears MK, Hellmich RL, Stanley-Horn DE, Oberhauser KS, Pleasants JM, Mattila HR, Siegfried BD, Dively GP (2001) Impact of Bt corn pollen on monarch butterfly populations: a risk assessment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11937-11942.
55. Shelton AM, Naranjo SE, Romeis J, Hellmich RL, Wolt JD, Federici BA, Albajes R, Bigler F, Burgess EP, Dively GP, Gatehouse AM, Malone LA, Roush R, Sears M, Sehnal F (2009) Setting the record straight: a rebuttal to an erroneous analysis on transgenic insecticidal crops and natural enemies. Transgenic Res 18: 317-322.
56. Stanley-Horn DE, Dively GP, Hellmich RL, Mattila H, Sears MK, Rose R, Jesse LC, Losey JE, Obrycki JJ, Lewis L (2001) Assessing the impact of Cry1Ab-expressing corn pollen on monarch butterfly larvae in field studies. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11931-11936.
57. Toschki A, Hothorn LA, Roß-Nickoll M (2007) Effects of cultivation of genetically modified Bt maize on epigeic arthropods (Araneae; Carabidae). Environ Entomol 36(4): 967-981.
58. Toth F, Arpas K, Szekeres D, Kadar F, Szentkiralyi F, Szenasi A, Kiss J (2004) Spider web survey or whole plant visual sampling. Impact assessment of Bt corn on non-target predatory insects with two concurrent methods. J Environ Biosaf Res 3: 225-231.
59. Tschenn J, Losey JE, Jesse LH, Obrycki JJ, Hufbauer R (2001) Effects of corn plants and corn pollen on monarch butterfly (Lepidoptera: Danaidae) oviposition behavior. Environ Entomol 30: 495-500.
60. US EPA (2000) Biopesticides Registration Document: preliminary risks and benefits sections; Bacillus thuringiensis plant pesticides. US Environmental Protection Agency and Office of Pesticide Progrems, Biopesticide and Pollution Prevention Division, Washington, DC.
61. Wold SJ, Burkness EC, Hutchison WD, Venette RC (2001) In-field monitoring of beneficial insect populations in transgenic corn expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin. J Ent Sci 36: 2.
62. Wolfenbarger LL, Naranjo SE, Lundgren JG, Bitzer RJ, Watrud LS (2008) Bt crop effects on functional guilds of non-target arthropods: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 3: 218.
63. Wraight CL, Zangerl AR, Carroll M, Berenbaum MR (2000) Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis pollen to black swallowtails under field conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 7700-7703.
64. Zangerl AR, McKenna D, Wraight CL, Carroll M, Ficarello P, Warner R, Berenbaum MR (2001) Effects of exposure to event 176 Bacillus thuringiensis corn pollen on monarch and black swallowtail caterpillars under field conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 11908-11912.
65. Zenner de Polania I, Alvarez Alcaraz G (2008) Analysis of the influence on the main beneficial fauna by two transgenic varieties, cotton and corn, at El Espinal (Tolima). Rev UDCA Actual Divulg Cient 11: 133-142.