Understanding gender differences in early adolescents' sexual prejudice

Journal of Early Adolescence

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 50-75

  Mata, Jessieka ^a   Ghavami, Negin ^b   Wittig, Michele A ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescence; Contact theory; Gay lesbian bisexual; Gender gender differences; School context; Social dominance; Victimization

Indexed keywords

EID: 73549100675     PISSN: 02724316     EISSN: 15525449     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0272431609350925     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Allport, G. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Cambridge, MA: Perseus Books.
2. Baker, J.G., & Fishbein, H.D. (1998). The development of prejudice toward gays and lesbians by adolescents. Journal of Homosexuality, 36(1), 89-100.
3. Craig, W.M., Pepler, D., Connolly, J., & Henderson, K. (2001). In J. Juvonen & S. Graham (Eds.), Peer harassment in school: The plight of the vulnerable and victimized (pp. 242-261). New York: Guilford.
4. Duckitt, J. (2006). Differential effects of right wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation on outgroup attitudes and their mediation by threat from and competitiveness to outgroups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32, 684-696.
5. Duckitt, J., & Sibley, C.G. (2007). Right wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and the dimensions of generalized prejudice. European Journal of Personality, 21(2), 113-130.
6. Eidelman, S., & Biernat, M. (2003). Derogating black sheep: Individual or group protection? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 602-609.
7. Erikson, E. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: W. W. Norton.
8. Fishbein, H.D. (1996). Peer prejudice and discrimination: Evolutionary, cultural, and developmental dynamics. Boulder, CO: Westview.
9. Guimond, S., Dambrun, M., Michinov, N., & Duarte, S. (2003). Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 697-721.
10. Herek, G.M. (1988). Heterosexuals' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: Correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 451-477.
11. Herek, G.M. (1994). Assessing heterosexuals' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: A review of empirical research with the ATLG scale. In B. Greene & G. M. Herek (Eds.), Lesbian and gay psychology: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 207-225). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
12. Herek, G.M. (2000). Sexual prejudice and gender: Do heterosexuals attitudes toward lesbians and gay men differ? Journal of Social Issues, 56, 251-266.
13. Herek, G.M., & Capitanio, J.P. (1996). Some of my best friends: Intergroup contact, concealable stigma, and heterosexuals' attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 412-424.
14. Hill, J.P., & Lynch, M.E. (1983). The intensification of gender-related role expectations during early adolescence. In J. Brooks-Gunn & A. Petersen (Eds.), Girls at puberty: Biological and psychosocial perspectives (pp. 201-228). New York: Plenum.
15. Horn, S. (2006). Heterosexual adolescents' and young adults beliefs and attitudes about homosexuality and gay and lesbian peers. Cognitive Development, 21, 420-440.
16. Horn, S. (2007). Adolescents' acceptance of same-sex peers based on sexual orientation and gender expression. Journal Youth and Adolescence, 36, 363-371.
17. Horn, S. (2008). The multifaceted nature of sexual prejudice. In S. Levy & M. Killen (Eds.), Intergroup attitudes and relations in childhood through adult-hood (pp. 173-188). New York: Oxford University Press.
18. Horn, S., & Nucci, L.P. (2003). The multidimensionality of adolescents' beliefs about and attitudes toward gay and lesbian peers in school. Equity and Excellence, 36, 1-12. [Special issue on LGBTQ issues in K-12 schools].
19. Huberty, C.J., & Olejnik, S. (2006). Applied MANOVA and Discriminant Analysis. New York: Wiley Interscience.
20. Kite, M.E., & Whitley, B.E. (1996). Sex differences in attitudes toward homosexuals persons, behaviors and civil right: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 336-353.
21. Kosciw, J.G., Diaz, E.M., & Greytak, E.A. (2008). 2007 National School Climate Survey: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth in our nation's schools. New York: GLSEN.
22. Larsen, K.S., Reed, M., & Hoffman, S. (1980). Attitudes of heterosexuals toward homosexuality: A Likert-type scale and constructive validity. Journal of Sex Research, 16, 245-257.
23. Li, Y., Schneider, J.L., & Bennett, D.A. (2007). Estimation of the mediation effect with a binary mediator. Statistics in Medicine, 26, 3398-3414.
24. Mallet, P., Apostolidis, T., & Paty, B. (1997). The development of gender schemata about heterosexual and homosexual others during adolescence. Journal of General Psychology, 124(1), 91-104.
25. Marsiglio, W. (1993). Attitudes toward homosexual activity and gays as friends: A national survey of heterosexual 15- to 19-year-old males. Journal of Sex Research, 30(1), 12-17.
26. Molina, L., & Wittig, M.A. (2006). Relative importance of contact conditions in explaining prejudice reduction in a classroom context: Separate and unequal? Journal of Social Issues, 62, 489-509.
27. Pleck, J.H., Sonenstein, F.L., & Ku, L.C. (1994). Attitudes toward male roles among adolescent males: A discriminant validity analysis. Sex Roles, 30, 481-501.
28. Poteat, V.P., & Espelage, D.L. (2007). Predicting psychosocial consequences of homophobic victimization in middle school students. Journal of Early Adolescence, 27, 175-191.
29. Poteat, V.P., Espelage, D.L., & Green, H.D., Jr. (2007). The socialization of dominance: Peer group contextual effects on homophobic and dominance attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 1040-1050.
30. Pratto, F., Stallworth, L.M., & Sidanius, J. (1997). The gender gap: Differences in political attitudes and social dominance orientation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 49-68.
31. Preacher, K.J., & Hayes, A.F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891.
32. Schaffer, D.R. (1999). Developmental psychology: Childhood and adolescence (5th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
33. Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1999). Social dominance. New York: Cambridge University Press.
34. Van de Ven, P. (1994). Comparisons among homophobic reaction of undergraduates, high school students, and young offenders. Journal of Sex Research, 31(2), 117-124.
35. Ward, D. (1985). Generations and the expression of symbolic racism. Political Psychology, 6, 1-18.
36. Whitehead, K.A., Hinze, M., & Futrell, M.J. (2004). Heterosexist discourse among U.S. adolescents: A comparison of talk about race and sexuality. Unpublished manuscript, California State University, Northridge.
37. Whitley, B.E. (1990). The relationship of heterosexuals' attributions for causes of homosexuality to attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 16, 369-377.
38. Whitley, B.E. (1999). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 126-134.
39. Whitley, B.E., & Ægisdóttir, S. (2000). The gender belief system, authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and heterosexuals' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Sex Roles, 42, 947-967.