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Although polymeric nematic liquid crystals have been shown to possess permanent polar order and strong SHG activity, they cannot respond to the applied electric field as well as FLCs owing to the high viscosity of polymers: (a) Watanabe, T.; Miyata, S.; Furakawa, T.; Takezoe, H.; Nishi, T.; Migita, A.; Sone, M.; Watanabe, J. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1996, 35, L505.
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0012200165
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3 should be used instead of 1.4 g mentioned in the experimental procedure of this reference.
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3 should be used instead of 1.4 g mentioned in the experimental procedure of this reference.
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30
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0000844109
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Abdel-Magid, A. F.; Carson, K. G.; Harris, B. D.; Maryanoff, C. A.; Shah, R. D. J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 3849.
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Harris, B.D.3
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Shah, R.D.5
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31
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73249132497
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The synthesis of 2c involved sequential addition of 4′-decyloxy-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid chloride and 4′-(11- undecenyloxy)-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid chloride, respectively by utilizing the regioselectivity due to the nitro group.
-
The synthesis of 2c involved sequential addition of 4′-decyloxy-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid chloride and 4′-(11- undecenyloxy)-4-biphenylcarboxylic acid chloride, respectively by utilizing the regioselectivity due to the nitro group.
-
-
-
-
33
-
-
73249137021
-
-
The first peak in 1d was attributed to a transition from the first crystalline state to the second crystalline state, and the second peak was assigned as a transition from the second crystalline state to the SmC* phase. See DSC data in Table 1.
-
The first peak in 1d was attributed to a transition from the first crystalline state to the second crystalline state, and the second peak was assigned as a transition from the second crystalline state to the SmC* phase. See DSC data in Table 1.
-
-
-
-
35
-
-
73249118807
-
-
The calculated molecular length for 1c from the MOPAC molecular modeling is 4.4 nm on the basis of the rod with the azo group meta to the chiral center.
-
The calculated molecular length for 1c from the MOPAC molecular modeling is 4.4 nm on the basis of the rod with the azo group meta to the chiral center.
-
-
-
-
36
-
-
73249115899
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The optical tilt angle was measured at 140 °C in an aligned 1.2 μm cell with nylon alignment layers upon the application of a SW voltage (±10 V, 10 Hz) and kept almost a constant value of 22° when the temperature was decreased from 140 to 100 °C.
-
The optical tilt angle was measured at 140 °C in an aligned 1.2 μm cell with nylon alignment layers upon the application of a SW voltage (±10 V, 10 Hz) and kept almost a constant value of 22° when the temperature was decreased from 140 to 100 °C.
-
-
-
-
37
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73249146570
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Crystallization was observed when cells were stored at room temperature for several days (e.g., 2a) or several weeks (e.g., 2c). In addition, a large endothermic peak due to a transition from the crystalline state to the SmC* phase was observed during the first heating cycle of a DSC scan when the samples were stored at room temperature for months, but the same peak could not be observed if the samples were stored at room temperature for a short time. These observations strongly indicate that crystallization from the glassy state takes place slowly during storage of samples.
-
Crystallization was observed when cells were stored at room temperature for several days (e.g., 2a) or several weeks (e.g., 2c). In addition, a large endothermic peak due to a transition from the crystalline state to the SmC* phase was observed during the first heating cycle of a DSC scan when the samples were stored at room temperature for months, but the same peak could not be observed if the samples were stored at room temperature for a short time. These observations strongly indicate that crystallization from the glassy state takes place slowly during storage of samples.
-
-
-
-
38
-
-
73249119865
-
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Conventional rod-shaped FLCs' switching speed is 10-150 μs.
-
Conventional rod-shaped FLCs' switching speed is 10-150 μs.
-
-
-
-
39
-
-
73249129345
-
-
The optical tilt angle was measured at 60 °C in an aligned 1.2 μm cell with nylon alignment layers upon the application of a SW voltage (±20 V, 10 Hz).
-
The optical tilt angle was measured at 60 °C in an aligned 1.2 μm cell with nylon alignment layers upon the application of a SW voltage (±20 V, 10 Hz).
-
-
-
-
40
-
-
73249124281
-
-
L is the sum (3.99 nm) of the molecular length (3.75 nm) from the MOPAC molecular modeling and van der Waals diameter (0.24 nm) of an H atom.
-
L is the sum (3.99 nm) of the molecular length (3.75 nm) from the MOPAC molecular modeling and van der Waals diameter (0.24 nm) of an H atom.
-
-
-
-
41
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73249134475
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-
A* phase in ref 14, p 124.
-
A* phase in ref 14, p 124.
-
-
-
-
42
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73249150216
-
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Cell surfaces were treated with n-octadecyltriethoxysilane to form self-assembled monolayers to achieve homeotropic alignment.
-
Cell surfaces were treated with n-octadecyltriethoxysilane to form self-assembled monolayers to achieve homeotropic alignment.
-
-
-
-
43
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0002890769
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(a) Takanishi, Y.; Takezoe, H.; Fukuda, A.; Komuara, H.; Watanabe, J. J. Mater. Chem. 1992, 2, 71.
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-
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Takanishi, Y.1
Takezoe, H.2
Fukuda, A.3
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44
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0142010697
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(b) Nishiyama, I.; Yamamoto, J.; Goodby, J. W.; Yokoyama, H. J. Mater. Chem. 2003, 13, 2429.
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Nishiyama, I.1
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-
45
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73249140473
-
-
The SHG signal at 532 nm generated from the incident beam (λ = 1064 nm) is almost entirely absorbed by 2a-c. Absorption can be significantly reduced by using a small percentage of 2a-c.
-
The SHG signal at 532 nm generated from the incident beam (λ = 1064 nm) is almost entirely absorbed by 2a-c. Absorption can be significantly reduced by using a small percentage of 2a-c.
-
-
-
-
46
-
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73249124493
-
-
The C-chains might be strongly folded at high temperature due to the special H-shape of the molecules and gradually stretch with decreasing temperature
-
The C-chains might be strongly folded at high temperature due to the special H-shape of the molecules and gradually stretch with decreasing temperature.
-
-
-
-
47
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0011335888
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-
Pereda, N.; Folcia, C. L.; Etxebarria, J.; Ortega, J.; Ros, M. B. Liq. Cryst. 1998, 24, 451.
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(1998)
Liq. Cryst
, vol.24
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-
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Pereda, N.1
Folcia, C.L.2
Etxebarria, J.3
Ortega, J.4
Ros, M.B.5
-
49
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0032836018
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-
Dalton et al. have shown that dipole-dipole interaction significantly increases with increased chromophore loading for strong chromophores, but the electro-optical coefficients for polymeric materials, including DR-1 chromophores, are almost linear with chromophore loading if the chromophore density is less than 25 wt, Dalton, L. R, Steier, W. H, Robinson, B. H, Zhang, C, Ren, A, Garner, S, Chen, A, Londergan, T, Irwin, L, Carlson, B, Fifield, L, Phelan, G, Kincaid, C, Amend, J, Jen, A. J. Mater. Chem. 1999, 9, 1905-1920. The DR-1 chromophore density in 2c is 23 wt, Moreover, we have found that 1c and 2c have similar degrees of polar order ∼20, see details in Table S1, Hence, extrapolating the d22 coefficient of 2c from mixtures M1 and M2 is valid
-
22 coefficient of 2c from mixtures M1 and M2 is valid.
-
-
-
-
50
-
-
73249131684
-
-
22 value of 4.5 pm/V, which is still remarkable for calamitic FLCs. This result, together with SHG measurements of mixtures M1 and M2 at the same wavelength, will be published separately.
-
22 value of 4.5 pm/V, which is still remarkable for calamitic FLCs. This result, together with SHG measurements of mixtures M1 and M2 at the same wavelength, will be published separately.
-
-
-
-
51
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0000107286
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Schmitt, K.; Herr, R. P.; Schadt, M.; Fünfschilling, J.; Buchecker, R.; Chen, X. H.; Benecke, C. Liq. Cryst. 1993, 14, 1735.
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Schmitt, K.1
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Buchecker, R.5
Chen, X.H.6
Benecke, C.7
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52
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3343002793
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-30 esu): Cheng, L. T.; Tam, W.; Stevenson, S. H.; Meredith, G. R.; Rikken, G.; Marder, S. R. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 10631-10643.
-
-30 esu): Cheng, L. T.; Tam, W.; Stevenson, S. H.; Meredith, G. R.; Rikken, G.; Marder, S. R. J. Phys. Chem. 1991, 95, 10631-10643.
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-
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53
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33845185367
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Their dispersion-free values β0 (35.2 vs 7.6 x 10-30 esu) are extrapolated using the two-level model: Spackman, M. A. J. Phys. Chem. 1989, 93, 7594. Furthermore, the degree of polar order for Roche-1 (∼30, see ref 6a) is only 50% larger than that (∼20, see Table S1) for 2c. Taking these factors into account, a large d22 value (17 pm/V) for 2c is reasonable
-
22 value (17 pm/V) for 2c is reasonable.
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-
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54
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2942621013
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(a) Ortega, J.; Gallastegui, J. A.; Folcia, C. L.; Etxebarria, J.; Gimeno, N.; Ros, M. B. Liq. Cryst. 2004, 31, 579.
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(c) Folcia, C. L.; Alonso, I.; Ortega, J.; Etxebarria, J.; Pintre, I.; Ros, M. B. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 4617.
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57
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45449106014
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Note that big differences for d coefficients of similar bent-core compounds were reported by different groups, and the reasons are still unclear
-
(d) Etxebarria, J.; Ros, M. B. J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 2919-2916. Note that big differences for d coefficients of similar bent-core compounds were reported by different groups, and the reasons are still unclear.
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Etxebarria, J.1
Ros, M.B.2
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58
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73249123650
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22 value for 2c should be larger than 5 pm/V.
-
22 value for 2c should be larger than 5 pm/V.
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-
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