메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue SUPPL. 4, 2009, Pages

Candida in solid organ transplant recipients

Author keywords

Antifungal prophylaxis; Antifungals; Candida epidemiology; Invasive candidiasis

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B CHOLESTEROL SULFATE; AMPHOTERICIN B DEOXYCHOLATE; AMPHOTERICIN B LIPID COMPLEX; ANIDULAFUNGIN; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CASPOFUNGIN; CLOTRIMAZOLE; ECHINOCANDIN; FLUCONAZOLE; FLUCYTOSINE; ITRACONAZOLE; MICAFUNGIN; NYSTATIN; PLACEBO; POSACONAZOLE; VORICONAZOLE;

EID: 72949102455     PISSN: 16006135     EISSN: 16006143     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2009.02909.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (86)

References (70)
  • 2
    • 34249701218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation
    • Silveira FP, Husain S. Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation. Med Mycol 2007 45 : 305 320.
    • (2007) Med Mycol , vol.45 , pp. 305-320
    • Silveira, F.P.1    Husain, S.2
  • 3
    • 0033302188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of fungal infections in solid organ transplant patients
    • Patterson JE. Epidemiology of fungal infections in solid organ transplant patients. Transpl Infect Dis 1999 1 : 229 236.
    • (1999) Transpl Infect Dis , vol.1 , pp. 229-236
    • Patterson, J.E.1
  • 4
    • 33846466508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: A persistent public health problem
    • Pfaller MA, Diekema DJ. Epidemiology of invasive candidiasis: A persistent public health problem. Clin Microbiol Rev 2007 20 : 133 163.
    • (2007) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.20 , pp. 133-163
    • Pfaller, M.A.1    Diekema, D.J.2
  • 5
    • 0033955216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidemia in allogeneic blood and marrow transplant recipients: Evolution of risk factors after the adoption of prophylactic fluconazole
    • Marr KA, Seidel K, White TC, Bowden RA. Candidemia in allogeneic blood and marrow transplant recipients: Evolution of risk factors after the adoption of prophylactic fluconazole. J Infect Dis 2000 181 : 309 316.
    • (2000) J Infect Dis , vol.181 , pp. 309-316
    • Marr, K.A.1    Seidel, K.2    White, T.C.3    Bowden, R.A.4
  • 6
    • 0028945190 scopus 로고
    • Major infectious complications after orthotopic liver transplantation and comparison of outcomes in patients receiving cyclosporine or FK506 as primary immunosuppression
    • Hadley S, Samore MH, Lewis WD, Jenkins RL, Karchmer AW, Hammer SM. Major infectious complications after orthotopic liver transplantation and comparison of outcomes in patients receiving cyclosporine or FK506 as primary immunosuppression. Transplantation 1995 59 : 851 859.
    • (1995) Transplantation , vol.59 , pp. 851-859
    • Hadley, S.1    Samore, M.H.2    Lewis, W.D.3    Jenkins, R.L.4    Karchmer, A.W.5    Hammer, S.M.6
  • 7
    • 0027964494 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for invasive fungal infections complicating orthotopic liver transplantation.
    • Collins LA, Samore MH, Roberts MS et al. Risk factors for invasive fungal infections complicating orthotopic liver transplantation. J Infect Dis 1994 170 : 644 652.
    • (1994) J Infect Dis , vol.170 , pp. 644-652
    • Collins, L.A.1    Samore, M.H.2    Roberts, M.S.3
  • 8
    • 0030267824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-abdominal infections after pancreatic transplantation: Incidence, treatment, and outcome
    • Benedetti E, Gruessner AC, Troppmann C et al. Intra-abdominal infections after pancreatic transplantation: Incidence, treatment, and outcome. J Am Coll Surg 1996 183 : 408 410.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Surg , vol.183 , pp. 408-410
    • Benedetti, E.1    Gruessner, A.C.2    Troppmann, C.3
  • 9
    • 33144468942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation
    • Marik PE. Fungal infections in solid organ transplantation. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2006 7 : 297 305.
    • (2006) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.7 , pp. 297-305
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 10
    • 0027361922 scopus 로고
    • Lysis-centrifugation blood cultures in the detection of proven invasive candidiasis: Disseminated versus single organ infection
    • Berenguer J, Buck M, Witebsky F et al. Lysis-centrifugation blood cultures in the detection of proven invasive candidiasis: Disseminated versus single organ infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 1993 17 : 103 109.
    • (1993) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.17 , pp. 103-109
    • Berenguer, J.1    Buck, M.2    Witebsky, F.3
  • 11
    • 23844546551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter clinical evaluation of the (1->3) beta-d-glucan assay as an aid to diagnosis of fungal infections in humans
    • Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Alexander BD, Kett DH et al. Multicenter clinical evaluation of the (1->3) beta-d-glucan assay as an aid to diagnosis of fungal infections in humans. Clin Infect Dis 2005 41 : 654 659.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.41 , pp. 654-659
    • Ostrosky-Zeichner, L.1    Alexander, B.D.2    Kett, D.H.3
  • 12
    • 46249085469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reappraisal of the serum (1->3)-beta-d-glucan based assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections - A study based on autopsy cases from 6 years
    • Obayashi T, Negishi K, Svzvki T, Funata N. Reappraisal of the serum (1->3)-beta-d-glucan based assay for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections - A study based on autopsy cases from 6 years. Clin Infect Dis 2008 46 : 1864 1870.
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. 1864-1870
    • Obayashi, T.1    Negishi, K.2    Svzvki, T.3    Funata, N.4
  • 14
    • 3242776203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of galactomannan antigenemia by enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: Variables that affect performance
    • Marr KA, Balajce SA, McLaughlin L et al. Detection of galactomannan antigenemia by enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis: Variables that affect performance. J Infect Dis 2004 190 : 641 649.
    • (2004) J Infect Dis , vol.190 , pp. 641-649
    • Marr, K.A.1    Balajce, S.A.2    McLaughlin, L.3
  • 15
    • 20444454614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter evaluation of a Candida albicans peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization probe for characterization of yeast isolates from blood cultures
    • Wilson DA, Joyce MJ, Hall LS et al. Multicenter evaluation of a Candida albicans peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization probe for characterization of yeast isolates from blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol 2005 43 : 2909 2912.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 2909-2912
    • Wilson, D.A.1    Joyce, M.J.2    Hall, L.S.3
  • 16
    • 42549148087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of ability for growth support and species differentiation by colony features on commercial chromogenic agar, Pourmedia Vi Candida and CHROMagar Candida
    • Shibata A, Kaneko T, Makimura K et al. Comparative study of ability for growth support and species differentiation by colony features on commercial chromogenic agar, Pourmedia Vi Candida and CHROMagar Candida. Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 2008 49 : 33 38.
    • (2008) Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi , vol.49 , pp. 33-38
    • Shibata, A.1    Kaneko, T.2    Makimura, K.3
  • 17
    • 60549098868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009 48 : 503 535.
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.48 , pp. 503-535
    • Pappas, P.G.1    Kauffman, C.A.2    Andes, D.3
  • 18
    • 0036177169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity
    • Deray G. Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity. J Antimicrob Chemother 2002 49 (Suppl 1 37 41. (Pubitemid 34162655)
    • (2002) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.49 , Issue.SUPL. S1 , pp. 37-41
    • Deray, G.1
  • 19
    • 17344368128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphotericin B lipid complex for invasive fungal infections: Analysis of safety and efficacy in 556 cases
    • Walsh TJ, Hiemenz JW, Seibel NL et al. Amphotericin B lipid complex for invasive fungal infections: Analysis of safety and efficacy in 556 cases. Clin Infect Dis 1998 26 : 1383 1396.
    • (1998) Clin Infect Dis , vol.26 , pp. 1383-1396
    • Walsh, T.J.1    Hiemenz, J.W.2    Seibel, N.L.3
  • 20
    • 0036788360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid formulations of amphotericins: Are you a lumper or a splitter?
    • Wingard JR. Lipid formulations of amphotericins: Are you a lumper or a splitter? Clin Infect Dis 2002 35 : 891 895.
    • (2002) Clin Infect Dis , vol.35 , pp. 891-895
    • Wingard, J.R.1
  • 21
    • 0028046352 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with amphotericin B for the treatment of candidemia in patients without neutropenia. Candidemia Study Group and the National Institute
    • Rex JH, Bennett JE, Sugar AM et al. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with amphotericin B for the treatment of candidemia in patients without neutropenia. Candidemia Study Group and the National Institute. N Engl J Med 1994 331 : 1325 1330.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 1325-1330
    • Rex, J.H.1    Bennett, J.E.2    Sugar, A.M.3
  • 22
    • 0037508540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized and blinded multicenter trial of high-dose fluconazole plus placebo versus fluconazole plus amphotericin B as therapy for candidemia and its consequences in nonneutropenic subjects
    • Rex JH, Pappas PG, Karchmer AW et al. A randomized and blinded multicenter trial of high-dose fluconazole plus placebo versus fluconazole plus amphotericin B as therapy for candidemia and its consequences in nonneutropenic subjects. Clin Infect Dis 2003 36 : 1221 1228.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.36 , pp. 1221-1228
    • Rex, J.H.1    Pappas, P.G.2    Karchmer, A.W.3
  • 23
    • 0028806984 scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic approaches in patients with candidemia. Evaluation in a multicenter, prospective, observational study
    • Nguyen MH, Peacock JE Jr., Tanner DC et al. Therapeutic approaches in patients with candidemia. Evaluation in a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Arch Intern Med 1995 155 : 2429 2435.
    • (1995) Arch Intern Med , vol.155 , pp. 2429-2435
    • Nguyen, M.H.1    Peacock Jr., J.E.2    Tanner, D.C.3
  • 24
    • 0242437957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluconazole versus amphotericin B in the treatment of hematogenous candidiasis: A matched cohort study
    • Anaissie EJ, Vartivarian SE, Abi-Said D et al. Fluconazole versus amphotericin B in the treatment of hematogenous candidiasis: A matched cohort study. Am J Med 1996 101 : 170 176.
    • (1996) Am J Med , vol.101 , pp. 170-176
    • Anaissie, E.J.1    Vartivarian, S.E.2    Abi-Said, D.3
  • 25
    • 34247564562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: A phase III randomised double- blind trial
    • Kuse ER, Chetchotisakd P, da Cunha CA et al. Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: A phase III randomised double- blind trial. Lancet 2007 369 : 1519 1527.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , pp. 1519-1527
    • Kuse, E.R.1    Chetchotisakd, P.2    Da Cunha, C.A.3
  • 26
    • 23744453215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International and multicenter comparison of EUCAST and CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution methods for testing susceptibilities of Candida spp. to fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole
    • Espinel-Ingroff A, Barchiesi F, Cuenca-Estrella M et al. International and multicenter comparison of EUCAST and CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution methods for testing susceptibilities of Candida spp. to fluconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole. J Clin Microbiol 2005 43 : 3884 3889.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 3884-3889
    • Espinel-Ingroff, A.1    Barchiesi, F.2    Cuenca-Estrella, M.3
  • 27
    • 0031439394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluconazole: Comparison of pharmacokinetics, therapy, and in vitro susceptibility
    • Wildfeuer A, Laufen H, Schmalreck AF, Yeates RA. Fluconazole: Comparison of pharmacokinetics, therapy, and in vitro susceptibility. Mycoses 1997 40 : 259 265.
    • (1997) Mycoses , vol.40 , pp. 259-265
    • Wildfeuer, A.1    Laufen, H.2    Schmalreck, A.F.3    Yeates, R.A.4
  • 28
    • 0346724557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of vitreous, aqueous, and plasma concentration of orally administered voriconazole in humans
    • Hariprasad SM, Mieler WF, Holz ER et al. Determination of vitreous, aqueous, and plasma concentration of orally administered voriconazole in humans. Arch Ophthalmol 2004 122 : 42 47.
    • (2004) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.122 , pp. 42-47
    • Hariprasad, S.M.1    Mieler, W.F.2    Holz, E.R.3
  • 29
    • 0042331273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voriconazole concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of guinea pigs and immunocompromised patients
    • Lutsar I, Roffey S, Troke P. Voriconazole concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of guinea pigs and immunocompromised patients. Clin Infect Dis 2003 37 : 728 732.
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.37 , pp. 728-732
    • Lutsar, I.1    Roffey, S.2    Troke, P.3
  • 31
    • 43549119056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antifungal agents-clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions
    • Lipp HP. Antifungal agents-clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Mycoses 2008 51 (Suppl 1 7 18.
    • (2008) Mycoses , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 7-18
    • Lipp, H.P.1
  • 33
    • 33748696778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echinocandins for candidemia in adults without neutropenia
    • Bennett JE. Echinocandins for candidemia in adults without neutropenia. N Engl J Med 2006 355 : 1154 1159.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 1154-1159
    • Bennett, J.E.1
  • 35
    • 0041422239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of oral posaconazole administered in single and multiple doses in healthy adults
    • Courtney R, Pai S, Laughlin M, Lim J, Batra V. Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of oral posaconazole administered in single and multiple doses in healthy adults. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003 47 : 2788 2795.
    • (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 2788-2795
    • Courtney, R.1    Pai, S.2    Laughlin, M.3    Lim, J.4    Batra, V.5
  • 36
    • 39449117139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with invasive mycoses improves efficacy and safety outcomes
    • Pascual A, Calandra T, Bolay S, Buclin T, Bille J, Marchetti O. Voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with invasive mycoses improves efficacy and safety outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2008 46 : 201 211.
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. 201-211
    • Pascual, A.1    Calandra, T.2    Bolay, S.3    Buclin, T.4    Bille, J.5    Marchetti, O.6
  • 38
    • 24144483474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delaying the empiric treatment of candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: A potential risk factor for hospital mortality
    • Morrell M, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Delaying the empiric treatment of candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: A potential risk factor for hospital mortality. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005 49 : 3640 3645.
    • (2005) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.49 , pp. 3640-3645
    • Morrell, M.1    Fraser, V.J.2    Kollef, M.H.3
  • 39
    • 33745313876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: A multi-institutional study
    • Garey KW, Rege M, Pai MP et al. Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: A multi-institutional study. Clin Infect Dis 2006 43 : 25 31.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 25-31
    • Garey, K.W.1    Rege, M.2    Pai, M.P.3
  • 40
    • 0037137576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of caspofungin and amphotericin B for invasive candidiasis
    • Mora-Duarte J, Betts R, Rotstein C et al. Comparison of caspofungin and amphotericin B for invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med 2002 347 : 2020 2029.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 2020-2029
    • Mora-Duarte, J.1    Betts, R.2    Rotstein, C.3
  • 41
    • 34250341787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anidulafungin versus fluconazole for invasive candidiasis
    • Reboli AC, Rotstein C, Pappas PG et al. Anidulafungin versus fluconazole for invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med 2007 356 : 2472 2482.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 2472-2482
    • Reboli, A.C.1    Rotstein, C.2    Pappas, P.G.3
  • 42
    • 34848928703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis
    • Pappas PG, Rotstein CM, Betts RF et al. Micafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidemia and other forms of invasive candidiasis. Clin Infect Dis 2007 45 : 883 893.
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.45 , pp. 883-893
    • Pappas, P.G.1    Rotstein, C.M.2    Betts, R.F.3
  • 43
    • 0037137527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Echinocandins-an advance in the primary treatment of invasive candidiasis
    • Walsh TJ. Echinocandins-an advance in the primary treatment of invasive candidiasis. N Engl J Med 2002 347 : 2070 2072.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 2070-2072
    • Walsh, T.J.1
  • 44
    • 0042134553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The echinocandin antifungals: An overview of the pharmacology, spectrum, and clinical efficacy
    • Weiderhold NP, Lewis RE. The echinocandin antifungals: An overview of the pharmacology, spectrum, and clinical efficacy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2003 12 : 1313 1333.
    • (2003) Expert Opin Investig Drugs , vol.12 , pp. 1313-1333
    • Weiderhold, N.P.1    Lewis, R.E.2
  • 45
    • 26944446579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: A randomised non-inferiority trial
    • Kullberg BJ, Sobel JD, Ruhnke M et al. Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: A randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2005 366 : 1435 1442.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 1435-1442
    • Kullberg, B.J.1    Sobel, J.D.2    Ruhnke, M.3
  • 46
    • 0028865579 scopus 로고
    • Intravascular catheter exchange and duration of candidemia. NIAID Mycoses Study Group and the Candidemia Study Group
    • Rex JH, Bennett JE, Sugar AM et al. Intravascular catheter exchange and duration of candidemia. NIAID Mycoses Study Group and the Candidemia Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1995 21 : 994 996.
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 994-996
    • Rex, J.H.1    Bennett, J.E.2    Sugar, A.M.3
  • 47
    • 0035893122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the source of candidemia: Skin or gut?
    • Nucci M, Anaissie E. Revisiting the source of candidemia: Skin or gut? Clin Infect Dis 2001 33 : 1959 1967.
    • (2001) Clin Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 1959-1967
    • Nucci, M.1    Anaissie, E.2
  • 48
    • 30344440759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of caspofungin against invasive Candida or invasive Aspergillus infections in neutropenic patients
    • Betts R, Glasmacher A, Maertens J et al. Efficacy of caspofungin against invasive Candida or invasive Aspergillus infections in neutropenic patients. Cancer 2006 106 : 466 473.
    • (2006) Cancer , vol.106 , pp. 466-473
    • Betts, R.1    Glasmacher, A.2    Maertens, J.3
  • 50
    • 18244364837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors and outcomes of candiduria in renal transplant recipients
    • Safdar N, Slattery WR, Knasinski V et al. Predictors and outcomes of candiduria in renal transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis 2005 40 : 1413 1421.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.40 , pp. 1413-1421
    • Safdar, N.1    Slattery, W.R.2    Knasinski, V.3
  • 51
    • 0033980656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective multicenter surveillance study of funguria in hospitalized patients. the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Mycoses Study Group
    • Kauffman CA, Vazquez JA, Sobel JD et al. Prospective multicenter surveillance study of funguria in hospitalized patients. The National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Mycoses Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 2000 30 : 14 18.
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.30 , pp. 14-18
    • Kauffman, C.A.1    Vazquez, J.A.2    Sobel, J.D.3
  • 53
    • 0031846141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of Candida sp. isolated from bronchoscopic samples in nonneutropenic patients
    • Rello J, Esandi ME, Diaz E, Mariscal D, Gallego M, Valles J. The role of Candida sp. isolated from bronchoscopic samples in nonneutropenic patients. Chest 1998 114 : 146 149.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.114 , pp. 146-149
    • Rello, J.1    Esandi, M.E.2    Diaz, E.3    Mariscal, D.4    Gallego, M.5    Valles, J.6
  • 55
    • 33645098159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candida sp. isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage: Clinical significance in critically ill trauma patients
    • Wood GC, Mueller EW, Croce MA, Boucher BA, Fabian TC. Candida sp. isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage: Clinical significance in critically ill trauma patients. Intensive Care Med 2006 32 : 599 603.
    • (2006) Intensive Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 599-603
    • Wood, G.C.1    Mueller, E.W.2    Croce, M.A.3    Boucher, B.A.4    Fabian, T.C.5
  • 56
    • 33644893928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive fungal infections in low-risk liver transplant recipients: A multi-center prospective observational study
    • Pappas PG, Andes D, Schuster M et al. Invasive fungal infections in low-risk liver transplant recipients: A multi-center prospective observational study. Am J Transplant 2006 6 : 386 391.
    • (2006) Am J Transplant , vol.6 , pp. 386-391
    • Pappas, P.G.1    Andes, D.2    Schuster, M.3
  • 57
    • 0029778948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of selective bowel decontamination for prevention of infections following liver transplantation
    • Arnow PM, Carandang GC, Zabner R, Irwin ME. Randomized controlled trial of selective bowel decontamination for prevention of infections following liver transplantation. Clin Infect Dis 1996 22 : 997 1003.
    • (1996) Clin Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. 997-1003
    • Arnow, P.M.1    Carandang, G.C.2    Zabner, R.3    Irwin, M.E.4
  • 58
    • 0037182875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, prospective, double-blinded evaluation of selective bowel decontamination in liver transplantation
    • Hellinger WC, Yao JD, Alvarez S et al. A randomized, prospective, double-blinded evaluation of selective bowel decontamination in liver transplantation. Transplantation 2002 73 : 1904 1909.
    • (2002) Transplantation , vol.73 , pp. 1904-1909
    • Hellinger, W.C.1    Yao, J.D.2    Alvarez, S.3
  • 59
    • 0030781512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early bacterial and fungal infections in liver transplantation after oral selective bowel decontamination
    • Hjortrup A, Rasmussen A, Hansen BA et al. Early bacterial and fungal infections in liver transplantation after oral selective bowel decontamination. Transplant Proc 1997 29 : 3106 3110.
    • (1997) Transplant Proc , vol.29 , pp. 3106-3110
    • Hjortrup, A.1    Rasmussen, A.2    Hansen, B.A.3
  • 60
    • 0023835746 scopus 로고
    • Selective bowel decontamination to decrease gram-negative aerobic bacterial and Candida colonization and prevent infection after orthotopic liver transplantation
    • Wiesner RH, Hermans PE, Rakela J et al. Selective bowel decontamination to decrease gram-negative aerobic bacterial and Candida colonization and prevent infection after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplantation 1988 45 : 570 574.
    • (1988) Transplantation , vol.45 , pp. 570-574
    • Wiesner, R.H.1    Hermans, P.E.2    Rakela, J.3
  • 61
    • 0029760572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of fluconazole versus nystatin for the prophylaxis of Candida infection following liver transplantation
    • Lumbreras C, Cuervas-Mons V, Jara P et al. Randomized trial of fluconazole versus nystatin for the prophylaxis of Candida infection following liver transplantation. J Infect Dis 1996 174 : 583 588.
    • (1996) J Infect Dis , vol.174 , pp. 583-588
    • Lumbreras, C.1    Cuervas-Mons, V.2    Jara, P.3
  • 62
    • 0032758271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic fluconazole in liver transplant recipients. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Winston DJ, Pakrasi A, Busuttil RW. Prophylactic fluconazole in liver transplant recipients. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1999 131 : 729 737.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.131 , pp. 729-737
    • Winston, D.J.1    Pakrasi, A.2    Busuttil, R.W.3
  • 63
    • 0141433193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of itraconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after orthotopic liver transplantation: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • Sharpe MD, Ghent C, Grant D, Horbay GL, McDougal J, David CW. Efficacy and safety of itraconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after orthotopic liver transplantation: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Transplantation 2003 76 : 977 983.
    • (2003) Transplantation , vol.76 , pp. 977-983
    • Sharpe, M.D.1    Ghent, C.2    Grant, D.3    Horbay, G.L.4    McDougal, J.5    David, C.W.6
  • 64
    • 29544442230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective interventional study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B as prophylaxis of fungal infections in high-risk liver transplant recipients
    • Castroagudin JF, Ponton C, Bustamante M et al. Prospective interventional study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B as prophylaxis of fungal infections in high-risk liver transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 2005 37 : 3965 3967.
    • (2005) Transplant Proc , vol.37 , pp. 3965-3967
    • Castroagudin, J.F.1    Ponton, C.2    Bustamante, M.3
  • 65
    • 0033030924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic mycoses during prophylactical use of liposomal amphotericin B (ambisome®) after liver transplantation
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1439-0507.1999.00266.x
    • Lorf T, Braun F, Ruchel R, Muller A, Sattler B, Ringe B. Systemic mycoses during prophylactical use of liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) after liver transplantation. Mycoses 1999 42 : 47 53. (Pubitemid 29256326)
    • (1999) Mycoses , vol.42 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 47-53
    • Lorf, T.1    Braun, F.2    Ruchel, R.3    Muller, A.4    Sattler, B.5    Ringe, B.6
  • 66
    • 0028854445 scopus 로고
    • Liposomal amphotericin B prevents invasive fungal infections in liver transplant recipients. A randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • Tollemar J, Hockerstedt K, Ericzon BG, Jalanko H, Ringden O. Liposomal amphotericin B prevents invasive fungal infections in liver transplant recipients. A randomized, placebo-controlled study. Transplantation 1995 59 : 45 50.
    • (1995) Transplantation , vol.59 , pp. 45-50
    • Tollemar, J.1    Hockerstedt, K.2    Ericzon, B.G.3    Jalanko, H.4    Ringden, O.5
  • 67
    • 61849170634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis with caspofungin for invasive fungal infections in high-risk liver transplant recipients
    • Fortun J, Martin-Davila P, Montejo M et al. Prophylaxis with caspofungin for invasive fungal infections in high-risk liver transplant recipients. Transplantation 2009 87 : 424 435.
    • (2009) Transplantation , vol.87 , pp. 424-435
    • Fortun, J.1    Martin-Davila, P.2    Montejo, M.3
  • 68
    • 33646455889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antifungal prophylaxis in liver transplant patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Cruciani M, Mengoli C, Malena M, Bosco O, Serpelloni G, Grossi P. Antifungal prophylaxis in liver transplant patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Transplant 2006 12 : 850 858.
    • (2006) Liver Transplant , vol.12 , pp. 850-858
    • Cruciani, M.1    Mengoli, C.2    Malena, M.3    Bosco, O.4    Serpelloni, G.5    Grossi, P.6
  • 69
    • 0029794177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious complications after small bowel transplantation in adults: An update
    • Kusne S, Furukawa H, bu-Elmagd K et al. Infectious complications after small bowel transplantation in adults: An update. Transplant Proc 1996 28 : 2761 2762.
    • (1996) Transplant Proc , vol.28 , pp. 2761-2762
    • Kusne, S.1    Furukawa, H.2    Bu-Elmagd, K.3
  • 70
    • 30144437947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome, incidence, and timing of infectious complications in small bowel and multivisceral organ transplantation patients
    • Guaraldi G, Cocchi S, Codeluppi M et al. Outcome, incidence, and timing of infectious complications in small bowel and multivisceral organ transplantation patients. Transplantation 2005 80 : 1742 1748.
    • (2005) Transplantation , vol.80 , pp. 1742-1748
    • Guaraldi, G.1    Cocchi, S.2    Codeluppi, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.