Oxygen depletion and formation of toxic gases following sea transportation of logs and wood chips

Annals of Occupational Hygiene

Volumn 53, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 779-787

  Svedberg, Urban ^a   Petrini, Caroline ^b   Johanson, Gunnar ^c  

^a SUNDSVALL HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^b Swedish Transport Agency   (Sweden)

^c KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Confined spaces; Hazard assessment; Seamen

Indexed keywords

AIR LEVEL; AIR SAMPLES; ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS; CO FORMATION; COLD SEASON; CONFINED SPACE; GAS MONITOR; HANDHELDS; HAZARD ASSESSMENT; MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; MONOTERPENES; OXIDATIVE PROCESS; OXYGEN DEPLETION; OXYGEN LEVELS; SEA TRANSPORTATION; SEASONAL TEMPERATURE CHANGES; TOXIC GAS; WOOD CHIP; WOOD PELLET;

ACCIDENTS; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON MONOXIDE; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; HATCH COVERS; HAZARDS; HYDROCARBONS; OXYGEN; PELLETIZING; PORTS AND HARBORS; SHIPS; TOXIC MATERIALS;

WOOD PRODUCTS;

CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON MONOXIDE; OXYGEN; PINENE; TERPENE DERIVATIVE;

AIR ANALYSIS; AIR MONITORING; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CONTAINER; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SAILOR; SHIPPING; STORAGE; WOOD; WOOD CHIP;

AIR POLLUTANTS, OCCUPATIONAL; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON MONOXIDE; CONFINED SPACES; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES; HUMANS; NAVAL MEDICINE; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OXYGEN; WOOD;

ACCIDENTS; HAZARDS; LOGS; MICROBIOLOGY; OXYGEN; SWEDEN; TOXICITY; TRANSPORT; WATER WAYS;

EID: 72649097691     PISSN: 00034878     EISSN: 14753162     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/annhyg/mep055     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Bingham E, Cohrssen B, Powell CH. (2001) Patty's toxicology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Bollinger N. (2004) NIOSH respirator selection logic. Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
3. Griffith D. (1996) Synthetic calibration and quantitative analysis of gas-phase FT-IR spectra. Appl Spectrosc; 50: 59-70.
4. IMO. (2005) Code of safe practice for solid bulk cargoes, 2004: BC code. London: International Maritime Organization.
5. Kuang X, Shankar TJ, Bi XT et al.. (2008) Characterization and kinetics study of off-gas emissions from stored wood pellets. Ann Occup Hyg; 52: 675-683
6. Langford NJ. (2005) Carbon dioxide poisoning. Toxicol Rev; 24: 229-235
7. Levin BC. (1996) New research avenues in toxicology: 7-gas N-Gas Model, toxicant suppressants, and genetic toxicology. Toxicology; 115: 89-106.
8. Lin YC, Shida KK, Hong SK. (1983) Effects of hypercapnia, hypoxia, and rebreathing on circulatory response to apnea. J Appl Physiol; 54: 172-177
9. Madsen AM, Martensson L, Schneider T et al.. (2004) Microbial dustiness and particle release of different biofuels. Ann Occup Hyg; 48: 327-328
10. NAC/AEGL. (2008) Acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) carbon monoxide. : National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances. Available at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/aegl/pubs/carbon- monoxide-interim-jul-2008-v1.pdf. Accessed 6 May 2009.
11. NIOSH. (1994) Documentation for immediately dangerous to life or health concentrations. NTIS Publication No. PB- 94-195047.: National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/ intridl4. html. Accessed 6 May 2009.
12. Rothman LS, Barbe A, Benner CDet al.. (2003) The HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database: edition of 2000 including updates through 2001. J Quant Spectrosc Radiat Transf; 82: 5-44.
13. Svedberg U, Högberg H-E, Högberg J et al.. (2004) Emission of hexanal and carbon monoxide from storage of wood pellets, a potential occupational and domestic health hazard. Ann Occup Hyg; 48: 339-349
14. Svedberg U, Samuelsson J, Melin S. (2008) Hazardous offgassing of carbonmonoxide and oxygendepletion during ocean transportation of wood pellets. Ann Occup Hyg; 52: 259-266
15. SWEA. (2005) Occupational exposure limit values and measures against air contaminants. Provision (AFS) 2005: 17. Solna, Sweden: Swedish Work Environment Authority (In Swedish, English version at http://www.av.se/dokument/ inenglish/legislations/eng0517.pdf).
16. Windholz M. (1983) The Merck index. Rahway, NJ: Merck & CO., Inc.