Seasonal dynamics of coastal water masses in a Scottish fjord and their potential influence on benthic foraminiferal shell geochemistry

Geological Society Special Publication

Volumn 303, Issue , 2008, Pages 155-172

  Cage, Alix G ^a   Austin, William E N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; COASTAL WATER; FJORD; GEOCHEMISTRY; OXYGEN ISOTOPE; SEASONAL VARIATION; SHELL; WATER MASS; WATER TEMPERATURE;

AMMONIA (FORAMINIFERAN); FORAMINIFERA;

EID: 72049090392     PISSN: 03058719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1144/SP303.11     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Allison, N. & Austin, W. E. N. 2003. The potential of ion microprobe analysis in detecting geochemical variations across individual foraminifera tests. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 4, 8403.
2. Alve, E. & Murray, J. W. 1994. Ecology and taphonomy of benthic foraminifera in a temperate mesotidal inlet. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 24, 18-27.
3. Alve, E. & Nagy, J. 1986. Estuarine foraminiferal distribution in Sandebukta, a branch of the Oslo Fjord. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 16, 261-284.
4. Alve, E. & Nagy, J. 1990. Main features of foraminiferal distribution reflecting estuarine hydrography in Oslo Fjord. Marine Micropaleontology, 16, 181-206.
5. Austin, W. E. N. & Evans, J. R. 2000. NE Atlantic benthic foraminifera: modern distribution patterns and palaeoecological significance. Journal of the Geological Society, 157, 679-691.
6. Austin, W. E. N. & Inall, M. E. 2002. Deep-water renewal in a Scottish fjord: temperature, salinity and oxygen isotopes. Polar Research, 21, 251-257.
7. Austin, W. E. N. & Scourse, J. D. 1997. Evolution of seasonal stratification in the Celtic Sea during the Holocene. Journal of the Geological Society, 154, 249-256.
8. Austin, W. E. N., Cage, A. G. & Scourse, J. D. 2006. Mid-latitude shelf seas: a NW European perspective on the seasonal dynamics of temperature, salinity and oxygen isotopes. Holocene, 16, 937-947.
9. Backhaus, J. O. 1996. Climate-sensitivity of European marginal seas, derived from the interpretation of modelling studies. Journal of Marine Systems, 7, 361-382.
10. Bauch, H. A., Erlenkeuser, H. Bauch, D. Mueller-Lupp, T. & Taldenkova, E. 2004. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in modern benthic foraminifera from the Laptev Sea shelf: implications for reconstructing proglacial and profluvial environments in the Arctic. Marine Micropaleontology, 51, 285-300.
11. Belanger, P. E., Curry, W. B. & Matthews, R. K. 1981. Core-top evaluation of benthic foraminiferal isotopicratios for paleooceanographic interpretations. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 33, 205-220.
12. Bemis, B. E., Spero, H. J. Bijma, J. & Lea, D. W. 1998. Re-evaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: experimental results and revised paleotemperature equations. Paleoceanography, 13, 150-160.
13. Bergsten, H., Nordberg, K. & Malmgren, B. 1996. Recent benthic foraminifera as tracers of water masses along a transect in the Skagerrak, north-eastern North Sea. Journal of Sea Research, 35, 111-121.
14. Bernhard, J. M. 2000. Distinguishing live from dead foraminifera: Methods review and proper applications. Micropaleontology, 46, 38-46.
15. Bijma, J., Spero, H. J. & Lea, D. W. 1999. Reassessing foraminiferal stable isotope geochemistry: impact of the oceanic carbonate system (experimental results). In: Fischer, G. & Wefer, G. (eds) Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography. Springer, 489-512.
16. Cage, A. G. 2005. The modern and late Holocene marine environments of Loch Sunart, N.W. Scotland. Ph.D thesis, University of St Andrews.
17. Conradsen, K., Bergsten, H. Knudsen, K. L. Nordberg, K. & Seidenkrantz, M. S. 1994. Recent benthic foraminiferal distribution in the Kattegat and the Skagerrak, Scandinavia. In: Sejrup, H. P. & Knudsen, K. L. (eds) Late Cenozoic Benthic Foraminifera: Taxonomy, Ecology and Stratigraphy, 32, Cushman Foundation for Foraminiferal Research. Special Publication, 53-68.
18. Craig, H. 1965. Measurement of oxygen isotope paleotemperatures. In: Tongiorgi, E. (ed.) Stable Isotopes in Oceanographic Studies and Paleotemperatures. Laboratory of Nuclear Geology, National Research Council, Pisa, 161-182.
19. Darling, W. G. 2004. Hydrological factors in the interpretation of stable isotopic proxy data present and past: a European perspective. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23, 743-770.
20. Duplessy, J. C., Lalou, C. & Vinot, A. C. 1970. Differential isotopic fractionations in benthic foraminifera and paleotemperatures reassessed. Science, 168, 250-251.
21. Eiriksson, J., Bartels-Jonsdottir, H. B. Cage, A. G. et al. 2006. Variability of the North Atlantic Current during the last 2000 years based on shelf bottom water and sea surface temperatures along an open ocean/shallow marine transect in western Europe. Holocene, 16, 1017-1029.
22. Elliot, A. J., Clarke, T. & Li, Z. 1991. Monthly distributions of surface and bottom temperatures in the Northwest European shelf seas. Continental Shelf Research, 11, 453-466.
23. Emrich, K., Ehhalt, D. H. & Vogel, J. C. 1970. Carbon isotope fractionation during the precipitation of calcium carbonate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 8, 363-371.
24. Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R. Lowenstam, H. A. & Urey, H. C. 1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Geological Society American Bulletin, 64, 1315-1326.
25. Erez, J. 1978. Vital effect on stable-isotope composition seen in foraminifera and coral skeletons. Nature, 273, 199-202.
26. Erez, J. & Luz, B. 1983. Experimental paleotemperature equation for planktonic foraminifera. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 47, 1025-1031.
27. Farmer, D. M. & Freeland, H. J. 1983. The physical oceanography of fjords. Progress in Oceanography, 12, 147-219.
28. Filipsson, H. L., Nordberg, K. & Gustafsson, M. 2004. Seasonal study of delta O-18 and delta C-13 in living (stained) benthic foraminifera from two Swedish fjords. Marine Micropaleontology, 53, 159-172.
29. Fontanier, C., Mackensen, A. Jorissen, F. J. Anschutz, P. Licari, L. & Griveaud, C. 2006. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of live benthic foraminifera from the Bay of Biscay: microhabitat impact and seasonal variability. Marine Micropaleontology, 58, 159-183.
30. Gade, H. G. & Edwards, A. 1980. Deep-water renewal in fjords. In: Freeland, H. J., Farmer, D. M. & Levings, C. D. (eds) Fjord Oceanography. Plenum Press, New York, 435-489.
31. Gillibrand, P. A., Cage, A. G. & Austin, W. E. N. 2005. A preliminary investigation of basin water response to climate forcing in a Scottish fjord: evaluating the influence of the NAO. Continental Shelf Research, 25, 571-587.
32. Gillibrand, P. A., Turrell, W. R. & Elliott, A. J. 1995. Deep-water renewal in the upper basin of Loch Sunart, a Scottish fjord. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 25, 1488-1503.
33. Gooday, A. J. 1988. A response by benthic Foraminifera to the deposition of phytodetritus in the deep sea. Nature, 332, 71-73.
34. Gooday, A. J. & Hughes, J. A. 2002. Foraminifera associated with phytodetritus deposits at a bathyal site in the northern Rockall Trough (NE Atlantic): seasonal contrasts and a comparison of stained and dead assemblages. Marine Micropaleontology, 46, 83-110.
35. Gooday, A. J. & Rathburn, A. E. 1999. Temporal variability in living deep-sea benthic foraminifera: a review. Earth-Science Reviews, 46, 187-212.
36. Graham, D. W., Corliss, B. H. Bender, M. L. & Keigwin, L. D. 1981. Carbon and oxygen isotopic disequilibria of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 6, 483-497.
37. Grossman, E. L. 1984. Stable isotope fractionation in live benthic foraminifera from the Southern-California Borderland. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 47, 301-327.
38. Grossman, E. L. 1987. Stable isotopes on modern benthic foraminifera: a study of vital effect. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 17, 48-61.
39. Hannah, F. & Rogerson, A. 1997. The temporal and spatial distribution of foraminiferans in marine benthic sediments of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 44, 377-383.
40. Hanson, A. K., Jr. & Donaghay, P. L. 1998. Micro- to fine-scale chemical gradients and layers in stratified coastal waters. Oceanography, 11, 10-17.
41. Haynes, J. R. 1973. Cardigan Bay recent foraminifera (Cruises of the R. V. Antur, 1962-1964). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, Supplement 4, 1-245.
42. Hintz, C. J., Chandler, G. T. Bernhard, J. M. McCorkle, D. C. Havach, S. M. Blanks, J. K. & Shaw, T. J. 2004. A physicochemically constrained seawater culturing system for production of benthic foraminifera. Limnology and Oceanography-Methods, 2, 160-170.
43. Husum, K. & Hald, M. 2004. Modern foraminiferal distribution in the subarctic Malangenfjord and adjoining shelf, northern Norway. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 34, 34-48.
44. Hut, G. 1987. Consultants group meeting in stable isotope reference samples for geochemical and hydrological investigations, Report to Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency, 16-18.
45. IAEA/WMO, 2004. Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation. The GNIP Database. Website: http://isohis.iaea.org.
46. Jahnke, R. A. & Jahnke, D. B. 2004. Calcium carbonate dissolution in deep sea sediments: reconciling microelectrode, pore water and benthic flux chamber results. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 68, 47-59.
47. Jorissen, F. J. 1999. Benthic foraminiferal microhabitats below the sediment-water interface. In: Sen Gupta, B. K. (ed.) Modern Foraminifera. Kluwer, 161-179.
48. Kim, S.-T. & O'Neil, J. R. 1997. Equilibrium and nonequilibrium oxygen isotope effects in synthetic carbonates. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61, 3461-3475.
49. Klitgaard-Kristensen, D., Sejrup, H. P. & Haflidason, H. 2002. Distribution of recent calcareous benthic foraminifera in the northern North Sea and relation to the environment. Polar Research, 21, 275-282.
50. Kristensen, D. K., Sejrup, H. P. Haflidason, H. Berstad, I. M. & Mikalsen, G. 2004. Eight-hundred-year temperature variability from the Norwegian continental margin and the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Paleoceanography, 19, art. no.-PA2007.
51. Lee, A. J. & Ramster, J. W. 1981. Atlas of the Seas Around the British Isles. MAFF, Lowestoft.
52. Lee, J. J., Faber, W. W. Anderson, O. R. & Pawlowski, J. 1991. Life cycles of foraminifera. In: Lee, J. J. & Anderson, O. R. (eds) Biology of Foraminifera. Academic Press Limited, London, 285-335.
53. Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Curry, W. B. & Slowey, N. 1999. A geostrophic transport estimate for the Florida Current from the oxygen isotope composition of benthic foraminifera. Paleoceanography, 14, 360-373.
54. 13C in benthic foraminiferal tests of Fontbotia-Wuellerstorfi (Schwager) relative to the δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon in southern-ocean-deep-water-implications for glacial ocean circulation models. Paleoceanography, 8, 587-610.
55. Marret, F., Scourse, J. & Austin, W. 2004. Holocene shelf-sea seasonal stratification dynamics: a dinoflagellate cyst record from the Celtic Sea, NW European shelf. The Holocene, 14, 689-696.
56. McConnaughey, T. 1989a. C-13 and O-18 isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates. 1. Patterns. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 151-162.
57. McConnaughey, T. 1989b. C-13 and O-18 isotopic disequilibrium in biological carbonates. 2. Invitro simulation of kinetic isotope effects. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 163-171.
58. McConnaughey, T. A., Burdett, J. Whelan, J. F. & Paull, C. K. 1997. Carbon isotopes in biological carbonates: respiration and photosynthesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61, 611-622.
59. McCorkle, D. C., Corliss, B. H. & Farnham, C. A. 1997. Vertical distributions and stable isotopic compositions of live (stained) benthic foraminifera from the North Carolina and California continental margins. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 44, 983-1024.
60. McCorkle, D. C., Keigwin, L. D. Corliss, B. H. & Emerson, S. R. 1990. The influence of microhabitats on the carbon isotopic composition of deep-sea benthic foraminifera. Paleoceanography, 5, 161-185.
61. McCrea, J. M. 1950. On the isotopic chemistry of carbonates and a paleotemperature scale. Journal of Chemical Physics, 18, 849-857.
62. Mikalsen, G., Flatebo, T. & Sejrup, H. P. 1999. Distributions and ecology of benthic foraminiferal faunas in fjord basins of western Norway. PhD Thesis, University of Bergen.
63. Mikalsen, G., Sejrup, H. P. & Aarseth, I. 2001. Late-Holocene changes in ocean circulation and climate: foraminiferal and isotopic evidence from Sulafjord, western Norway. The Holocene, 11, 437-446.
64. Murray, J. W. 1971. An Atlas of British Recent Foraminiferids. Heinemann Educational Books, London.
65. Murray, J. W. 1983. Population-dynamics of benthic foraminifera - results from the Exe Estuary, England. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 13, 1-12.
66. Murray, J. W. 1991. Ecology and Palaeoecology of Benthic Foraminifera. Longman, Harlow.
67. Murray, J. W. 2000. Revised taxonomy, an atlas of British recent foraminiferids. Journal of Micropalaeontology, 19, 44.
68. Murray, J. W. 2003a. Foraminiferal assemblage formation in depositional sinks on the continental shelf west of Scotland. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 33, 101-121.
69. Murray, J. W. 2003b. An illustrated guide to the benthic foraminifera of the Hebridean Shelf, west of Scotland, with notes on their mode of life. Palaeontologica Electronica, 5, 1-31.
70. Murray, J. W. & Bowser, S. S. 2000. Mortality, protoplasm decay rate, and reliability of staining techniques to recognize 'living' foraminifera: a review. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 30, 66-70.
71. Murray, J. W., Alve, E. & Cundy, A. 2003. The origin of modern agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages: evidence from a stratified fjord. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 58, 677-697.
72. Norgaard-Pedersen, N., Austin, W. E. N. Howe, J. A. & Shimmield, T. 2006. The Holocene record of Loch Etive, western Scotland: influence of catchment and relative sea level changes. Marine Geology, 228, 55-71.
73. O'Neil, J. R., Clayton, R. N. & Mayeda, T. 1969. Oxygen isotope fractionation in divalent metal carbonates. Journal of Chemical Physics, 51, 5547-5558.
74. Owen, R., Kennedy, H. & Richardson, C. 2002. Isotopic partitioning between scallop shell calcite and seawater: effect of shell growth rate. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66, 1727-1737.
75. Pingree, R. D. & Griffiths, D. K. 1978. Tidal fronts on the shelf seas around the British Isles. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89, 4615-4622.
76. Polyak, L., Stanovoy, V. & Lubinski, D. J. 2003. Stable isotopes in benthic foraminiferal calcite from a river - influenced Arctic marine environment, Kara and Pechora Seas. Paleoceanography, 18, 1003.
77. Rathburn, A. E., Corliss, B. H. Tappa, K. D. & Lohmann, K. C. 1996. Comparisons of the ecology and stable isotopic compositions of living (stained) benthic foraminifera from the Sulu and South China Seas. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 43, 1617-1646.
78. Rohling, E. J. & Cooke, S. 1999. Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in foraminiferal carbonate shells. In: Gupta, B. K. S. (ed.) Modern Foraminifera. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 239-258.
79. Schmiedl, G., Pfeilsticker, M. Hemleben, C. & Mackensen, A. 2004. Environmental and biological effects on the stable isotope composition of recent deep-sea benthic foraminifera, from the western Mediterranean Sea. Marine Micropaleontology, 51, 129-152.
80. Scott, G., Thompson, L. Hitchin, R. & Scourse, J. 1998. Observations on selected salt-marsh and shallow-marine species of agglutinating foraminifera: grain size and mineralogical selectivity. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 28, 261-267.
81. Scott, G. A., Scourse, J. D. & Austin, W. E. N. 2003. The distribution of benthic foraminifera in the Celtic Sea: the significance of seasonal stratification. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 33, 32-61.
82. Scourse, J. D. & Austin, W. E. N. 2002. Quaternary shelf sea palaeoceanography: recent developments in Europe. Marine Geology, 191, 87-94.
83. Scourse, J. D., Kennedy, H. Scott, G. A. & Austin, W. E. N. 2004. Stable isotopic analyses of modern benthic foraminifera from seasonally stratified shelf seas: disequilibria and the 'seasonal effect'. Holocene, 14, 747-758.
84. Shackleton, N. J. 1974. Attainment of isotopic equilibrium between ocean water and the benthonic foraminifera genus Uvigerina: isotopic changes in the ocean during the last glacial. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Colleagues Internationeaux, 219, 203-209.
85. Spero, H. J., Bijma, J. Lea, D. W. & Bemis, B. E. 1997. Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes. Nature, 390, 497-500.
86. Tachikawa, K. & Elderfield, H. 2002. Microhabitat effects on Cd/Ca and delta C-13 of benthic foraminifera. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 202, 607-624.
87. Urey, H. C. 1947. The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances. Journal of the Chemical Society, 562-581.
88. Vilks, G. & Deonarine, B. 1988. Labrador Shelf benthic foraminifera and stable oxygen isotopes of Cibicides lobatulus related to the Labrador Current. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences [Journal Canadien des Sciences de la Terre], 25, 1240-1255.
89. Vincent, E., Killingley, J. S. & Berger, W. H. 1981. Stable isotope composition of benthic foraminifera from the equatorial Pacific. Nature, 289, 639-643.
90. Vinot-Bertouille, A. & Duplessy, J. C. 1973. Individual isotopic fractionation of carbon and oxygen in benthic foraminifera. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 18, 247-252.
91. Wefer, G., Berger, W. H. Bijma, J. & Fischer, G. 1999. Clues to Ocean History: a brief overview of proxies. In: Fischer, G. & Wefer, G. (eds) Use of Proxies in Palaeoceanography: Examples from the South Atlantic. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1-68.
92. Wilson-Finelli, A., Chandler, G. T. & Spero, H. J. 1998. Stable isotope behavior in paleoceanographically important benthic foraminifera: results from microcosm culture experiments. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 28, 312-320.
93. Wolf-Gladrow, D. A., Bijma, J. & Zeebe, R. E. 1999. Model simulation of the carbonate chemistry in the microenvironment of symbiont bearing foraminifera. Marine Chemistry, 64, 181-198.
94. Woodruff, F., Savin, S. M. & Douglas, R. G. 1980. Biological fractionation of oxygen and carbon isotopes by Recent benthic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology, 5, 3-11.
95. Zahn, R., Winn, K. & Sarnthein, M. 1986. Benthic foraminiferal d13C and accumulation rates of organic carbon: Uvigerina peregrina group and Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi. Paleoceanography, 1, 27-42.
96. Zeebe, R. E. 1999. An explanation of the effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal oxygen isotopes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63, 2001-2007.
97. 2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes, Elsevier Oceanography Series, 65, Elsevier.
98. Zeebe, R. E., Wolf-Gladrow, D. A. & Jansen, H. 1999. On the time required to establish chemical and isotopic equilibrium in the carbon dioxide system in seawater. Marine Chemistry, 65, 135-153.
99. Zhu, Q. Z., Aller, R. C. & Fan, Y. Z. 2006. Two-dimensional pH distributions and dynamics in bioturbated marine sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 70, 4933-4949.