Defense strategies of algae and cyanobacteria against solar ultraviolet radiation

Algal Chemical Ecology

Volumn 9783540741817, Issue , 2008, Pages 273-296

  Karsten, Ulf ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROSTOCK   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; EARTH ATMOSPHERE; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

CHEMICAL CHANGE; DEFENSE STRATEGY; OXYGENIC PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

SOLAR RADIATION;

EID: 71849101217     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74181-7_13     Document Type: Chapter

References (106)

1. Abele-Oeschger D, Tüg H, Röttgers R (1997) Dynamics of UV-driven hydrogen peroxide formation on an intertidal sandflat. Limnol Oceanogr 42:1406-1415
2. Abele D, Ferreira GA, Schloss I (1999) H2O2 accumulation from photochemical production and atmospheric wet deposition in Antarctic coastal and off-shore waters of Potter Cove, King George Island. Antarc Sci 11:131-139
3. Adams NL, Shick JM (1996) Mycosporine-like amino acids provide protection against ultraviolet radiation in eggs of the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis. Photochem Photobiol 64:149-158
4. Aguilera J, Dummermuth A, Karsten U, Schriek R, Wiencke C (2002) Enzymatic defenses against photooxidative stress induced by ultraviolet radiation in Arctic marine macroalgae. Polar Biol 25:432-441
5. Amsler CD, Fairhead VA (2006) Defensive and sensory chemical ecology of brown algae. Adv Bot Res 43:1-91
6. Asada K (1994) Production and action of active oxygen species in photosynthetic tissues. In: Foyer CH, Mullineaux PM (eds) Causes of photooxidative stress and amelioration of defence systems in plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 77-104
7. Bandaranayake WM (1998) Mycosporines: are they nature's sunscreens? Nat Prod Rep 15:159-172
8. Bebout BM, Garcia-Pichel F (1995) UV-B induced vertical migrations of cyanobacteria in a microbial mat. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:4215-4222
9. Bischof K, Hanelt D, Wiencke C (2000) Effects of ultraviolet radiation on photosynthesis and related enzyme reactions of marine macroalgae. Planta 211:555-562
10. Bischof K, Peralta G, Kräbs G, van de Poll WH, Perez-Llorens JL, Breeman AM (2002) Effects of solar UV-B radiation on canopy structure of Ulva communities from Southern Spain. J Exp Bot 53:2411-2421
11. Bischof K, Janknegt PJ, Buma AGJ, Rijstenbil JW, Peralta G, Breeman AM (2003) Oxidative stress and enzymatic scavenging of superoxide radicals induced by solar UV-B radiation in Ulva canopies from southern Spain. Sci Mar. 67:353-359
12. Bischof K, Gómez I, Molis M, Hanelt D, Karsten U, Lüder U, Roleda MY, Zacher K, Wiencke C (2006a) Ultraviolet radiation shapes seaweed communities. Rev Environm Sci Biotech 5:141-166
13. Bischof K, Rautenberger R, Brey L, Perez-Llorens JL (2006b) Physiological acclimation along gradients of solar irradiance within mats of the filamentous green macroalga Chaetomorpha linum from southern Spain. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 306:165-175
14. Brenowitz S, Castenholz RW (1997) Long-term effects of UV and visible irradiance on natural populations of scytonemin-containing cyanobacterium (Calothrix sp.). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 24:343-352
15. Britt AB (1996) DNA damage and repair in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 47:75-100
16. Büdel B, Karsten U, Garcia-Pichel F (1997) Ultraviolet-absorbing scytonemin and mycosporine like amno acid derivatives in exposed rock inhabiting cyanobacterial lichens. Oecologia 112:165-172
17. Büdel B (1999) Ecology and diversity of rock-inhabiting cyanobacteria in tropical regions. Eur J Phycol 34:361-370
18. Burton GW, Ingold KU (1984) β-Carotene: an unusual type of lipid antioxidant. Science 224:569-573
19. Campbell D, Eriksson MJ, Öquist G, Gustafsson P, Clarke AK (1998) The cyanobacterium Synechococcus resists UV-B by exchanging photosystem II reaction-center D1 proteins. Proc Nat Acad Sci 95:364-369
20. Caretto JI, Lutz VA, De Marco SG, Carignan MO (1990) Fluence and wavelength dependence of mycosporine-like amino acid synthesis in the dinoflagellate Alexandrium excavatum. In: Graneli E, Edler L, Sundström B, Anderson DM (eds) Toxic marine phytoplankton. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 275-279
21. Castenholz RW, Garcia-Pichel F (2000) Cyanobacterial responses to UV-radiation. In: Whitton BA, Potts M (eds) The ecology of cyanobacteria. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 591-611
22. Cockell CS, Knowland J (1999) Ultraviolet radiation screening compounds. Biol Rev 74:311-345
23. Conde FR, Churio MS, Previtali CM (2000) The photoprotector mechanism of mycosporine-like amino acids. Excited-state properties and photostability of porphyra-334 in aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol 56B:139-144
24. Cooper JC, Zika RG (1983) Photochemical formation of hydrogen peroxide in surface and ground waters exposed to sunlight. Science 220:711-712
25. Davidson AT, Bramich D, Marchant HJ, McMinn A (1994) Effects of UVB irradiation on growth and survival of Antarctic marine diatoms. Mar. Biol 119:507-515
26. Dring MJ, Makarov V, Schoschina E, Lorenz M, Lüning K (1996) Influence of ultravioletradiation on chlorophyll fluorescence and growth in different life history stages of three species of Laminaria. Mar. Biol 126:183-191
27. Dunlap WC, Yamamoto Y (1995) Small-molecule antioxidants in marine organisms: antioxidant activity of mycosporine-glycine. Comp Biochem Physiol 112B:105-114
28. Dunlap WC, Shick JM (1998) Ultraviolet radiation-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in coral reef organisms: a biochemical and environmental perspective. J Phycol 34:418-430
29. Dunlap WC, Chalker BE, Bandaranayake WM, Wu Won JJ (1998) Nature's sunscreen from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Int J Cosmetic Sci 20:41-51
30. Edge R, McGarvey DJ, Truscott TG (1997) The carotenoids as antioxidants - a review. J Photochem Photobiol B 41:189-200
31. Ehling-Schulz M, Bilger W, Scherer S (1997). UV-B induced synthesis of photoprotective pigments and extracellular polysaccharides in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune. J Bacteriol 179:1940-1945
32. Elstner EF (1990) der Sauerstoff. BI Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, Mannheim
33. Favre-Bonvin J, Arpin N, Brevard C (1976) Structure de la mycosporine. Can J Chem 54:1105-1113
34. Franklin LA, Forster RM (1997) The changing irradiance environment: consequences for marine macrophyte physiology, productivity and ecology. Eur J Phycol 32:207-232
35. Frederick JE, Snell HE, Haywood EK (1989) Solar ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface. Photochem Photobiol 50:443-450
36. Garcia-Pichel F, Castenholz RW (1991) Characterization and biological implications of scytonemin, a cyanobacterial sheath pigment. J Phycol 27:395-409
37. Garcia-Pichel F, Sherry ND, Castenholz RW (1992) Evidence for a UV-sunscreen role of the extracellular pigment scytonemin in the terrestrial cyanobacterium Chlorogloeopsis sp. Photochem Photobiol 56:17-23
38. Garcia-Pichel F, Castenholz RW (1993) Occurrence of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like compounds among cyanobacterial isolates and an estimate of their screening capacity. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:163-169
39. Götz T, Windhovel U, Böger P, Sandmann G (1999) Protection of photosynthesis against UV-B radiation by carotenoids in transformants of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC7942. Plant Physiol 120:599-604
40. Han, YS, Han T (2005) UV-B induction of UV-B protection in Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta). J Phycol 41:523-530
41. Hanelt D, Wiencke C, Nultsch W (1997) Influence of UV radiation on the photosynthesis of Arctic macroalgae in the field. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 38:40-47
42. Harm W (1980) Biological effects of ultraviolet radiation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
43. Henley WJ, Levavasseur G, Franklin LA, Osmond CB, Ramus J (1991) Photoacclimation and photoinhibition in Ulva rotundata as influenced by nitrogen availability. Planta 184:235-243
44. Herms DA, Mattson WJ (1992) The dilemma of plants: to grow or defend. Q Rev Biol 67:283-335
45. Holland HD (1984) The chemical evolution of the atmosphere and oceans. Princeton University Press, Princeton
46. Holzinger A, Lütz C (2006) Algae and UV irradiation: effects on ultrastructure and related metabolic functions. Micron 35:190-207
47. Holzinger A, Karsten U, Lütz C, Wiencke C (2006) Ultrastructure and photosynthesis in the supralittoral green macroalga Prasiola crispa (Lightfoot) Kützing from Spitsbergen (Norway) under UV exposure. Phycologia 45:168-177
48. Hoyer K, Karsten U, Sawall T, Wiencke C (2001) Photoprotective substances in Antarctic macroalgae and their variation with respect to depth distribution, different tissues and developmental stages. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 211:117-129
49. Hoyer K, Karsten U, Wiencke C (2002) Induction of sunscreen compounds in Antarctic macroalgae by different radiation conditions. Mar. Biol 141:619-627
50. Hoyer K, Karsten U, Wiencke C (2003) Inventory of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in polar macroalgae and factors controlling their concentration. In: Huiskes AHL, Gieskes WWC, Rozema J, Schorno RML, Va der Vies SM, Wolff WJ (eds) Proceedings of the VIII SCAR Meeting (Scientific Community on Antarctic Research). Backhuys Publishers Leiden, The Netherlands, pp 56-62
51. Huovinen P, Gómez I, Figueroa FL, Ulloa N, Morales V, Lovengreen C (2004) Ultraviolet absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in red macroalgae from Chile. Bot Mar. 47:21-29
52. Jackson AE, Seppelt RD (1997) Physiological adaptations to freezing and UV radiation exposure in Prasiola crispa, an Antarctic terrestrial alga. In: Battaglia B, Valencia J, Walton DWH (eds) Antarctic communities: species, structure, and survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 226-233
53. Jeffrey SW, MacTavish HS, Dunlap WC, Vesk M, Groenwoud K (1999) Occurrence of UVA- and UVB-absorbing compounds in 152 species (206 strains) of marine microalgae. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 189:35-51
54. Jerlov N (1976) Marine optics. Elsevier Oceanography Series 14. Elsevier Scientific Publishing, New York
55. Karentz D, Cleaver JE, Mitchell DL (1991) Cell survival characteristics and molecular responses of Antarctic phytoplankton to ultraviolet-B radiation. J Phycol 27:326-341
56. Karentz D (2001) Chemical defenses of marine organisms against solar radiation exposure: UV absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids and scytonemin. In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine chemical ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 481-519
57. Karsten U (2002) Effects of salinity and ultraviolet radiation on the concentration of mycosporinelike amino acids in various isolates of the benthic cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes. Phycol Res 50:129-134
58. Karsten U, Maier J, Garcia-Pichel F (1998a) Seasonality in UV-absorbing compounds of cyanobacterial mat communities from an intertidal mangrove flat. Aqua Microb Ecol 16:37-44
59. Karsten U, Sawall T, Hanelt D, Bischof K, Figueroa FL, Flores-Moya A, Wiencke C (1998b) An inventory of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in macroalgae from polar to warmtemperate regions. Bot Mar. 41:443-453
60. Karsten U, Bischof K, Hanelt D, Tüg H, Wiencke C (1999) The effect of UV-radiation on photosynthesis and UV-absorbing substances in the endemic Arctic macroalga Devaleraea ramentacea (Rhodophyta). Physiol Plant 105:58-66
61. Karsten U, West JA (2000) Living in the intertidal zone - seasonal effects on heterosides and sun-screen compounds in the red alga Bangia atropurpurea (Bangiales). J Exp Mar. Biol Ecol 254:221-234
62. Karsten U, Sawall T, West JA, Wiencke C (2000) Ultraviolet sunscreen compounds in epiphytic red algae from mangroves. Hydrobiologia 432:159-171
63. Karsten U, Bischof K, Wiencke C (2001) Photosynthetic performance of Arctic macroalgae after transplantation from deep to shallow waters followed by exposure to natural solar radiation. Oecologia 127:11-20
64. Karsten U, Friedl T, Schumann R, Hoyer K, Lembcke S (2005) Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and phylogenies in green algae: Prasiola and its relatives from the Trebouxiophyceae (Chlorophyta). J Phycol 41:557-566
65. Kootstra A (1994) Protection from UV-B-induced DNA damage by flavanoids. Plant Mol Biol 26:771-774
66. Korbee N, Huovinen P, Figueroa FL, Aguilera J, Karsten U (2005) Availability of ammonium influences photosynthesis and the accumulation of MAAs in two Porphyra species (Bangiales, Rhodophyta). Mar. Biol 146:645-654
67. Kräbs G, Bischof K, Hanelt D, Karsten U, Wiencke C (2002) Wavelength-dependent induction of UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in the red alga Chondrus crispus. J Exp Mar. Biol Ecol 268:69-82
68. Krause GH, Weis E (1991) Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis, the basics. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42:313-349
69. Lakatos M, Bilger W, Büdel B (2001) Lipophilous carotenoids of terrestrial cyanobacteria from different habitats in Venezuela. Eur J Phycol 36:367-375
70. Leach CM (1965) Ultraviolet absorbing substances associated with light-induced sporulation in fungi. Can J Bot 43:185-200
71. Lesser MP, Stochaj WR (1990) Photoadaptation and protection against active forms of oxygen in the symbiotic prokaryote Prochloron sp. and its ascidian host. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:1530-1535
72. Llewellyn CA, Mantoura RFC (1997) A UV-absorbing compound in HPLC pigment chromatograms obtained from Icelandic basin phytoplankton. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 158:283-287
73. Lois R, Buchanan BBN (1994) Severe sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation in an Arabidopsis mutant deficient in flavonoid accumulation: II. Mechanisms of UV-resistance in Arabidopsis. Planta 194:504-509
74. Lüning K (1985) Meeresbotanik. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart
75. Máté Z, Sass L, Szekeres M, Vass I, Nagy F (1998) UV-B induced differential transcription of psbA genes encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803. J Biol Chem 273:17439-17444
76. Matsunaga T, Burgess JG, Yamada N, Komatsu K, Yoshida S, Wachi Y (1993) An ultraviolet (UV-A) absorbing biopterin glucoside from the marine planktonic cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. Appl Microbiol Biotech 39:250-253
77. Michler T, Aguilera J, Hanelt D, Bischof K, Wiencke C (2002) Long term effects of ultraviolet radiation on growth and photosynthetic performance of polar and cold-temperate marcoalgae. Mar. Biol 140:1117-1127
78. Oren A (1997). Mycosporine-like amino acids as osmotic solutes in a community of halophilic cyanobacteria. Geomicrobiol J 14:231-240
79. Pavia H, Cervin G, Lindgren A, Aberg P (1997) Effects of UV-B radiation and simulated herbivory on phlorotannins in the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 157:139-146
80. Pérez-Rodríguez E, Gómez I, Karsten U, Figueroa FL (1998) Effects of UV radiation on photosynthesis and excretion of UV-absorbing pigments of Dasycladus vermicularis (Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from Southern Spain. Phycologia 37:379-387
81. Pérez-Rodríguez E, Aguilera J, Figueroa FL (2003) Tissular localization of coumarins in the green alga Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) Krasser: a photoprotective role? J Exp Bot 54:1093-1100
82. Piazena H, Häder DP (1994) Penetration of solar UV radiation in coastal lagoons of the southern Baltic and its effect on phytoplankton communities. Photochem Photobiol 60:463-469
83. Post A, Larkum AW (1993) UV-absorbing pigments, photosynthesis and UV exposure in Antarctica: comparision of terrestrial and marine algae. Aquat Bot 45:231-243
84. Price D, Worsfold PJ, Mantoura RFC (1992) Hydrogen peroxide in the environment: cycling and methods of analysis. Trends analyt Chem 11:379-384
85. Proteau PJ, Gerwick WH, Garcia-Pichel F, Castenholz R (1993). The structure of scytonemin, an ultraviolet sunscreen pigment from the sheaths of cyanobacteria. Experientia 49:825-829
86. Ragan MA, Glombitza KW (1986) Phlorotannins, brown algal polyphenols. In: Round FE, Chapman DJ (eds) Progress in phycolocical research 4. Biopress Ltd, Bristol, pp 129-241
87. Roleda MY, van de Poll WH, Hanelt D, Wiencke C (2004) PAR and UVBR effects on photosynthesis, viability growth and DNA in different life stages of two coexisting Gigartinales: implications for recruitment and zonation pattern. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 281:37-50
88. Roleda MY, Clayton MN, Wiencke C (2006) Screening capacity of UV-absorbing compounds in spores of Arctic Laminariales. J Exp Mar. Biol Ecol 338:123-133
89. Schoenwaelder MEA (2002a) The occurence and cellular significance of physodes in brown algae. Phycologia 41:125-139
90. Schoenwaelder MEA (2002b) Physode distribution and the effects of 'Thallus Sunburn' in Hormosira banksii (Fucales, Phaeophyceae). Bot Mar. 45:262-266
91. Schoenwaelder MAE, Wiencke C, Clayton MN, Glombitza KW (2003) The effect of elevated UV radiation on Fucus spp. (Fucales, Phaeophyta) zygote and embryo development. Plant Biol 5:366-377
92. Sies H (1991) Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Academic Press, San Diego
93. Shick JM (2004) The continuity and intensity of ultraviolet irradiation affect the kinetics of biosynthesis, accumulation, and conversion of mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) in the coral Stylophora pistillata. Limnol Oceanogr 49:223-262
94. Shick JM, Dunlap WC (2002) Mycosporine-like amino acids and related gadusols: biosynthesis, accumulation, and UV-protective functions in aquatic organisms. Annu Rev Physiol 64:223-262
95. Smith RC, Prezelin BB, Baker KS, Bidigare RR, Boucher NP, Coley T, Karentz D, MacIntyre S, Matlick HA, Menzies D, Ondrusek M, Wan Z, Waters KJ (1992) Ozone depletion: ultraviolet radiation and phytoplankton biology in Antarctic waters. Science 255:952-959
96. Sommaruga R, Psenner R (1997) Ultraviolet radiation in a high mountain lake of the Austrian Alps: air and underwater measurements. Photochem Photobiol 65:957-963
97. Swanson AK, Druehl LD (2002) Induction, exudation and the UV protective role of kelp phlorotannins. Aquat Bot 73:241-253
98. Teramura AH (1983) Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on the growth and yield of crop plants. Physiol Plant 58:415-427
99. Vass I (1997) Adverse effects of UV-B light on the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus. In: Pessarakli M (ed) Handbook of photosynthesis. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, pp 931-949
100. Villafane VE, Sundbäck K, Figueroa FL, Helbing EW (2003) Photosynthesis in the aquatic environment as affected by UVR. In: Helbing EW, Zagarese HE (eds) UV effects in aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Comprehensive Series in Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences. The Royal Society of Chemistry, pp 357-397
101. Wessel S, AOKI S, Winkler P, Weller R, Herber A, Gernandt H, Schrems O (1998) Tropospheric ozone depletion in polar regions. A comparison of observations in the Arctic and Antarctic. Tellus B 50:34-50
102. Whitehead RF, de Mora SJ, Demers S (2000) Enhanced UV radiation - a new problem for the marine environment. In: de Mora S, Demers S, Vernet M (eds) The effects of UV radiation in the marine environment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 1-34
103. Wiencke C, Gómez I, Pakker H, Flores-Moya A, Altamirano M, Hanelt D, Bischof K, Figueroa FL (2000) Impact of UV-radiation on viability, photosynthetic characteristics and DNA on brown algal zoospores: implications for depth zonation. Mar. Ecol Prog Ser 197:217-229
104. Wiencke C, Clayton MN, Schoenwaelder M (2004) Sensitivity and acclimation to UV radiation of zoospores from five species of Laminariales from the Arctic. Mar. Biol 145:31-39
105. Wiencke C, Roleda MY, Gruber A, Clayton M, Bischof K (2006) Susceptibility of zoospores to UV radiation determines upper depth distribution limit of Arctic kelps: evidence through field experiments. J Ecol 94:455-463
106. Xiong F, Komenda J, Kopecky J, Nedbal L (1997) Strategies of ultraviolet-B protection in microscopic algae. Physiol Plant 100:378-38