Emergence of jets from turbulence in the shallow-water equations on an equatorial beta plane

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 66, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 3197-3207

  Farrel, Brian F ^a   Ioannou, Petros J ^b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COHERENT JETS; EDDY FLUX CONVERGENCES; EDDY MOMENTUM FLUX; EQUATORIAL JETS; JET DYNAMICS; JET FORMATION; JET STRUCTURE; JUPITERS; MEAN VELOCITIES; MIDLATITUDES; NON-LINEAR MODEL; PLANE MODEL; POTENTIAL VORTICITY GRADIENTS; ROTATING TURBULENCE; SHALLOW WATER EQUATIONS; SHALLOW-WATER; STABLE SOLUTIONS; STRONG TURBULENCE; STRUCTURAL STABILITIES; TURBULENT EDDY; WEAK TURBULENCE; ZONAL FLOWS; ZONAL JETS;

NONLINEAR EQUATIONS; STABILITY; STOCHASTIC MODELS; STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS; TURBULENCE;

JETS;

EDDY; ENSEMBLE FORECASTING; JET; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; SHALLOW-WATER EQUATION; STOCHASTICITY; TURBULENCE; ZONAL FLOW;

EID: 71749092437     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009JAS2941.1     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Cho, J.Y.-K., and L.M. Polvani, 1996: The morphogenesis of bands and zonal winds in the atmospheres on the giant outer planets. Science, 273, 335-337.
2. DelSole, T., 1996: Can quasigeostrophic turbulence be modeled stochastically? J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1617-1633.
3. DelSole, T, 2004: Stochastic models of quasigeostrophic turbulence. Surv. Geophys., 25, 107-194.
4. DelSole, T, and B.F. Farrell, 1995: A stochastically excited linear system as a model for quasigeostrophic turbulence: Analytic results for one- and two-layer fluids. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2531-2547.
5. DelSole, T, and B.F. Farrell, 1996: The quasi-linear equilibration of a thermally maintained, stochastically excited jet in a quasigeostrophic model. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 1781-1797.
6. Dritschel, D.G., and M.E. McIntyre, 2008: Multiple jets as PV staircases: The Phillips effect and the resilience of eddytransport barriers. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 855-874.
7. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 1993a: Stochastic dynamics of baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 4044-4057.
8. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 1993b: Stochastic forcing of perturbation variance in unbounded shear and deformation flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 200-211.
9. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 1994: A theory for the statistical equilibrium energy spectrum and heat flux produced by transient baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2685-2698.
10. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 1995: Stochastic dynamics of the midlatitude atmospheric jet. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1642-1656.
11. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 1996: Generalized stability theory. Part I: Autonomous operators. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2025-2040.
12. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 2003: Structural stability of turbulent jets. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 2101-2118.
13. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 2007: Structure and spacing of jets in barotropic turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3652-3665.
14. Farrell, B.F., and P.J. Ioannou, 2008: Formation of jets by baroclinic turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 3353-3375.
15. Galperin, B., H. Nakano, H.-P. Huang, and S. Sukoriansky, 2004: The ubiquitous zonal jets in the atmospheres of giant planets and Earth's oceans. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L13303, doi:10.1029/2004GL019691.
16. Gierasch, P.J., and Coauthors, 2000: Observation of moist convection in Jupiter's atmosphere. Nature, 403, 628-630.
17. Huang, H.-P., and W.A. Robinson, 1998: Two-dimensional turbulence and persistent zonal jets in a global barotropic model. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 611-632.
18. Ingersoll, A.P., 1990: Atmospheric dynamics of the outer planets. Science, 248, 308-315.
19. Ingersoll, A. P, and Coauthors, 2000: Moist convection as an energy source for the large-scale motions in Jupiter's atmosphere. Nature, 403, 630-632.
20. Ingersoll, A. P, and Coauthors, 2004: Dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere. Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites, and Magnetosphere, F. Bagenal, T.E. Dowling, and W.B. McKinnon, Eds., Cambridge University Press, 105-128.
21. Kaspi, Y., and G.R. Flierl, 2007: Formation of jets by baroclinic instability on gas planet atmospheres. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3177-3194.
22. Kitamura, Y., and K. Ishioka, 2007: Equatorial jets in decaying shallow-water turbulence on a rotating sphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3340-3353.
23. Krishnamurti, R., and L.N. Howard, 1981: Large-scale flow generation in turbulent convection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78, 1981-1985.
24. Lee, S., 2005: Baroclinic multiple zonal jets on the sphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2484-2498.
25. Limaye, S.S., 1986: Jupiter: New estimates of the mean zonal flow at the cloud level. Icarus, 65, 335-352.
26. Manfroi, A.J., and W.R. Young, 1999: Slow evolution of zonal jets on the beta plane. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 784-800.
27. Newman, M., P.D. Sardeshmukh, and C. Penland, 1997: Stochastic forcing of the wintertime extratropical flow. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 435-455.
28. Nozawa, T., and Y. Yoden, 1997: Formation of zonal band structure in forced two-dimensional turbulence on a rotating sphere. Phys. Fluids, 9, 2081-2093.
29. Panetta, R.L., 1993: Zonal jets in wide baroclinically unstable regions: Persistence and scale selection. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2073-2106.
30. Porco, C.C., and Coauthors, 2003: Cassini imaging of Jupiter's atmosphere, satellites, and rings. Science, 299, 1541-1547.
31. Read, P.L., Y.H. Yamazaki, S.R. Lewis, P.D. Williams, K. Miki-Yamazaki, J. Sommeria, H. Didelle, and A. Fincham, 2004: Jupiter's and Saturn's convectively driven banded jets in the laboratory. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L22701, doi:10.1029/2004GL020106.
32. Read, P. L, P.J. Gierasch, B.J. Conrath, A. Simon-Miller, T. Fouchet, and Y.H. Yamazaki, 2006: Mapping potential-vorticity dynamics on Jupiter. I: Zonal-mean circulation from Cassini and Voyager I data. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 132, 1577-1603.
33. Read, P. L, Y.H. Yamazaki, S.R. Lewis, P.D. Williams, R. Wordsworth, and K. Miki-Yamazaki, 2007: Dynamics of convectively driven banded jets in the laboratory. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 4031-4052.
34. Rhines, P.B., 1975: Waves and turbulence on a beta plane. J. Fluid Mech., 69, 417-433.
35. Ripa, P., 1983: General stability conditions for zonal flows in a one- layer model on the β-plane or the sphere. J. Fluid Mech., 126, 463-489.
36. Salyk, C., A.P. Ingersoll, J. Lorre, A. Vasavada, and A.D. Del Genio, 2006: Interaction between eddies and mean flow in Jupiter's atmosphere: Analysis of Cassini imaging data. Icarus, 185, 430-442.
37. Sánchez-Lavega, A., and Coauthors, 2008: Depth of a strong Jovian jet from a planetary-scale disturbance driven by storms. Nature, 451, 437-440.
38. Scott, R.K., and L.M. Polvani, 2007: Forced-dissipative shallow-water turbulence on the sphere and the atmospheric circulation of the giant planets. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 3158-3176.
39. Scott, R.K., and L.M. Polvani, 2008: Equatorial superrotation in shallow atmospheres. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L24202, doi:10.1029/2008GL036060.
40. Sokolov, S., and S. Rintoul, 2007: Multiple jets of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current south of Australia. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 1394-1412.
41. Starr, V., 1968: Physics of Negative Viscosity Phenomena. McGraw-Hill, 256 pp.
42. Vallis, G.K., and M.E. Maltrud, 1993: Generation of mean flows and jets on a beta plane and over topography. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 1346-1362.
43. Vasavada, A.R., and A.P. Showman, 2005: Jovian atmospheric dynamics: An update after Galileo and Cassini. Rep. Prog. Phys., 68, 1935-1996.
44. Whitaker, J.S., and P.D. Sardeshmukh, 1998: A linear theory of extratropical synoptic eddy statistics. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 237-258.
45. Williams, G.P., 1979: Planetary circulations: 2. The Jovian quasigeostrophic regime. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 932-969.
46. Williams, G. P, 2003: Jet sets. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 81, 439-476.
47. Zhang, Y., and I.M. Held, 1999: A linear stochastic model of a GCMs midlatitude storm tracks. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 3416 3435.