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D; the number is controlled by Lβ ≡ √Ua/Ω.
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14
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The potential vorticity q ≡ (ζ + f)/h is conserved following the motion of each fluid element, thus serving as a tracer for the flow, and is the dynamically significant quantity to view. See, for instance, B. J. Hoskins, M. E. McIntyre, A. W. Robertson, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 111, 877 (1985).
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8944242592
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note
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Anticyclones are eddies with negative vorticity in the northern hemisphere and positive vorticity in the southern hemisphere. Cyclones are the converse.
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This work is supported by NSF. The computations were performed on the Cray C90 at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. We are grateful to M. Allison for thoughtful suggestions on the manuscript and to A. Simon and R. Beebe for the zonal wind data in Fig. 2.
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