메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 87, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 902-911

Age-specific growth, survival, and population dynamics of female Australian fur seals

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; FECUNDITY; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; GROWTH MODELING; GROWTH RATE; HABITAT TYPE; PINNIPED; POPULATION DYNAMICS; SURVIVORSHIP;

EID: 71449108943     PISSN: 00084301     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/Z09-080     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (21)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 0031446269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive intrinsic growth rates: An integration across taxa
    • doi:10.1086/419764
    • Arendt, J.D. 1997. Adaptive intrinsic growth rates: an integration across taxa. Q. Rev. Biol. 72(2): 149-177. doi:10.1086/419764.
    • (1997) Q. Rev. Biol , vol.72 , Issue.2 , pp. 149-177
    • Arendt, J.D.1
  • 3
    • 0035126961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dive behaviour, foraging locations, and maternal attendance patterns of Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)
    • doi:10.1139/cjz-79-1-35
    • Arnould, J.P.Y., and Hindell, M.A. 2001. Dive behaviour, foraging locations, and maternal attendance patterns of Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). Can. J. Zool. 79(1): 35-48. doi:10.1139/cjz-79-1-35.
    • (2001) Can. J. Zool , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-48
    • Arnould, J.P.Y.1    Hindell, M.A.2
  • 4
    • 40549116056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection by female Australian fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus
    • doi:10.1002/aqc.908
    • Arnould, J.P.Y., and Kirkwood, R. 2008. Habitat selection by female Australian fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 17(Suppl. 1): S53-S67. doi:10.1002/aqc.908.
    • (2008) Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Arnould, J.P.Y.1    Kirkwood, R.2
  • 5
    • 0036242357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and condition in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) (Carnivora: Pinnipedia)
    • doi:10.1071/ZO01077
    • Arnould, J.P.Y., and Warneke, R.M. 2002. Growth and condition in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) (Carnivora: Pinnipedia). Aust. J. Zool. 50(1): 53-66. doi:10.1071/ZO01077.
    • (2002) Aust. J. Zool , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-66
    • Arnould, J.P.Y.1    Warneke, R.M.2
  • 6
    • 0009598351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First contemporary record of New Zealand fur seals Arctocpehalus forsteri breeding in Bass Strait
    • Arnould, J.P.Y., Littnan, C.L., and Lento, G.M. 2000. First contemporary record of New Zealand fur seals Arctocpehalus forsteri breeding in Bass Strait. Aust. Mammal. 22: 57-62.
    • (2000) Aust. Mammal , vol.22 , pp. 57-62
    • Arnould, J.P.Y.1    Littnan, C.L.2    Lento, G.M.3
  • 7
    • 0344286925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical dynamics of the Australian fur seal population: Evidence of regulation by man?
    • doi:10.1139/ z03-134
    • Arnould, J.P.Y., Boyd, I.L., and Warneke, R.M. 2003. Historical dynamics of the Australian fur seal population: evidence of regulation by man? Can. J. Zool. 81(8): 1428-1436. doi:10.1139/ z03-134.
    • (2003) Can. J. Zool , vol.81 , Issue.8 , pp. 1428-1436
    • Arnould, J.P.Y.1    Boyd, I.L.2    Warneke, R.M.3
  • 8
    • 0026290933 scopus 로고
    • Modeling age-specific mortality for marine mammal populations
    • doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00550.x
    • Barlow, J., and Boveng, P. 1991. Modeling age-specific mortality for marine mammal populations. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 7(1): 50-65. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1991.tb00550.x.
    • (1991) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-65
    • Barlow, J.1    Boveng, P.2
  • 9
    • 0000871917 scopus 로고
    • Use of pup counts in indexing population changes in pinnipeds
    • doi:10.1139/f85-111
    • Berkson, J.M., and DeMaster, D.P. 1985. Use of pup counts in indexing population changes in pinnipeds. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42(5): 873-879. doi:10.1139/f85-111.
    • (1985) Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci , vol.42 , Issue.5 , pp. 873-879
    • Berkson, J.M.1    Demaster, D.P.2
  • 11
    • 0001674477 scopus 로고
    • Morphometrics, specimen collection, preservation
    • Edited by R.M. Laws. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Bonner, W.N., and Laws, R.M. 1993. Morphometrics, specimen collection, preservation. In Antarctic seals: Research Methods and Techniques. Edited by R.M. Laws. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 161-171.
    • (1993) Antarctic Seals: Research Methods and Techniques , pp. 161-171
    • Bonner, W.N.1    Laws, R.M.2
  • 12
    • 0028975749 scopus 로고
    • Population demography of Antarctic fur seals - The costs of reproduction and implications for life histories
    • doi:10.2307/5653
    • Boyd, I.L., Croxall, J.P., Lunn, N.J., and Reid, K. 1995. Population demography of Antarctic fur seals - the costs of reproduction and implications for life histories. J. Anim. Ecol. 64(4): 505-518. doi:10.2307/5653.
    • (1995) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.64 , Issue.4 , pp. 505-518
    • Boyd, I.L.1    Croxall, J.P.2    Lunn, N.J.3    Reid, K.4
  • 13
    • 0029414833 scopus 로고
    • The effects of future consumption by the Cape fur seal on catches and catch rates of the Cape hakes 3: Modelling the dynamics of the Cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus
    • Butterworth, D.S., Punt, A.E., Oosthuizen, W.H., and Wickens, P.A. 1995. The effects of future consumption by the Cape fur seal on catches and catch rates of the Cape hakes 3: Modelling the dynamics of the Cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus. S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 16: 161-183.
    • (1995) S. Afr. J. Mar. Sci , vol.16 , pp. 161-183
    • Butterworth, D.S.1    Punt, A.E.2    Oosthuizen, W.H.3    Wickens, P.A.4
  • 14
    • 1542395868 scopus 로고
    • Population assessment, ecology and trophic relationships of Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska
    • US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C
    • Calkins, D.G., and Pitcher, K.W. 1982. Population assessment, ecology and trophic relationships of Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska. Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program, US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Washington, D.C.
    • (1982) Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program
    • Calkins, D.G.1    Pitcher, K.W.2
  • 15
    • 0004022281 scopus 로고
    • Matrix population models
    • Inc., Sunderland, Mass
    • Caswell, H. 1989. Matrix population models. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Sunderland, Mass.
    • (1989) Sinauer Associates
    • Caswell, H.1
  • 17
    • 0037324852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetics of a benthic diver: Seasonal foraging ecology of the Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea
    • doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2003)073[0027:EOABDS]2.0.CO;2
    • Costa, D.P., and Gales, N.J. 2003. Energetics of a benthic diver: seasonal foraging ecology of the Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea. Ecol. Monogr. 73: 27-43. doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2003)073[0027:EOABDS]2.0.CO;2.
    • (2003) Ecol. Monogr , vol.73 , pp. 27-43
    • Costa, D.P.1    Gales, N.J.2
  • 18
    • 33645393271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When does physiology limit the foraging behaviour of freely diving mammals
    • doi:10.1016/j.ics.2004.08.058
    • Costa, D.P., Kuhn, C.E., Weise, M.J., Shaffer, S.A., and Arnould, J.P.Y. 2004. When does physiology limit the foraging behaviour of freely diving mammals. Int. Congr. Ser. 1275: 359-366. doi:10.1016/j.ics.2004.08.058.
    • (2004) Int. Congr. Ser , vol.1275 , pp. 359-366
    • Costa, D.P.1    Kuhn, C.E.2    Weise, M.J.3    Shaffer, S.A.4    Arnould, J.P.Y.5
  • 19
    • 40249097690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Worldwide pinniped population status and trends
    • Edited by J.A. Estes, R.L. Brownell, D.P. Demaster, D.F. Doak, and T.D. Williams. University of California Press, Berkley
    • Costa, D.P., Weise, M.J., and Arnould, J.P.Y. 2006. Worldwide pinniped population status and trends. In Whales, Whaling and Ocean Ecosystems. Edited by J.A. Estes, R.L. Brownell, D.P. Demaster, D.F. Doak, and T.D. Williams. University of California Press, Berkley. pp. 344-359.
    • (2006) Whales, Whaling and Ocean Ecosystems , pp. 344-359
    • Costa, D.P.1    Weise, M.J.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3
  • 20
    • 9944252539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age structure, growth, and demographic parameters in breeding-age female subantarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus tropicalis
    • doi:10.1139/z04-079
    • Dabin, W., Beauplet, G., Crespo, E.A., and Guinet, C. 2004. Age structure, growth, and demographic parameters in breeding-age female subantarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus tropicalis. Can. J. Zool. 82(7): 1043-1050. doi:10.1139/z04-079.
    • (2004) Can. J. Zool , vol.82 , Issue.7 , pp. 1043-1050
    • Dabin, W.1    Beauplet, G.2    Crespo, E.A.3    Guinet, C.4
  • 22
    • 25844441549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Projecting the trend of Steller sea lion populations in western Alaska
    • doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01262.x
    • Eberhardt, L.L., Sease, J.L., and Demaster, D.P. 2005. Projecting the trend of Steller sea lion populations in western Alaska. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 21(4): 728-738. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01262.x.
    • (2005) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 728-738
    • Eberhardt, L.L.1    Sease, J.L.2    Demaster, D.P.3
  • 23
    • 0002816751 scopus 로고
    • Density dependence in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1748-7692.1990.tb00242.x
    • Fowler, C.W. 1990. Density dependence in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 6(3): 171-195. doi:10.1111/ j.1748-7692.1990.tb00242.x.
    • (1990) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 171-195
    • Fowler, C.W.1
  • 24
    • 33645420946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of diving behaviour in the Australian sea lion: Trials of adolescence in a late bloomer
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01055.x. PMID: 16637989
    • Fowler, S.L., Costa, D.P., Arnould, J.P.Y., Gales, N.J., and Kuhn, C.E. 2006. Ontogeny of diving behaviour in the Australian sea lion: trials of adolescence in a late bloomer. J. Anim. Ecol. 75(2): 358-367. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01055.x. PMID: 16637989.
    • (2006) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.75 , Issue.2 , pp. 358-367
    • Fowler, S.L.1    Costa, D.P.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3    Gales, N.J.4    Kuhn, C.E.5
  • 25
    • 0031977142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast, safe, field-portable gas anesthesia for otariids
    • doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1998.tb00727.x
    • Gales, N.J., and Mattlin, R.H. 1998. Fast, safe, field-portable gas anesthesia for otariids. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 14(2): 355-361. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1998.tb00727.x.
    • (1998) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 355-361
    • Gales, N.J.1    Mattlin, R.H.2
  • 26
    • 67849108394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual variation in pup production and the timing of breeding in benthic foraging Australian fur seals
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1748-7692.2008.00270.x
    • Gibbens, J., and Arnould, J.P.Y. 2009. Interannual variation in pup production and the timing of breeding in benthic foraging Australian fur seals. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 25(3): 573-587. doi:10.1111/ j.1748-7692.2008.00270.x.
    • (2009) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 573-587
    • Gibbens, J.1    Arnould, J.P.Y.2
  • 27
    • 71449100546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences on fecundity in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)
    • In press
    • Gibbens, J., Parry, L.J., and Arnould, J.P.Y. 2010. Influences on fecundity in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). J. Mammal. In press.
    • (2010) J. Mammal
    • Gibbens, J.1    Parry, L.J.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3
  • 28
    • 0027077190 scopus 로고
    • Oceanography of Bass Strait: Implications for the food supply of little penguins Eudyptula minor
    • Gibbs, C.F. 1992. Oceanography of Bass Strait: implications for the food supply of little penguins Eudyptula minor. Emu, 91: 395-401.
    • (1992) Emu , vol.91 , pp. 395-401
    • Gibbs, C.F.1
  • 29
    • 0345223013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trophic interactions between marine mammals and Australian fisheries: An ecosystem approach
    • Edited by N.J. Gales, M.A. Hindell, and R. Kirkwood. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia
    • Goldsworthy, S.D., Bulman, C., He, X., Larcombe, J., and Littnan, C.L. 2003. Trophic interactions between marine mammals and Australian fisheries: an ecosystem approach. In Marine Mammals: Fisheries, Tourism, and Management Issues. Edited by N.J. Gales, M.A. Hindell, and R. Kirkwood. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Australia. pp. 62-99.
    • (2003) Marine Mammals: Fisheries, Tourism, and Management Issues , pp. 62-99
    • Goldsworthy, S.D.1    Bulman, C.2    He, X.3    Larcombe, J.4    Littnan, C.L.5
  • 31
    • 0000667316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1978. Some factors affecting the size of British grey seal populations
    • doi:10.2307/2402600
    • Harwood, J., and Prime, J.H. 1978. Some factors affecting the size of British grey seal populations. J. Appl. Ecol. 15(2): 401-411. doi:10.2307/2402600.
    • J. Appl. Ecol , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 401-411
    • Harwood, J.1    Prime, J.H.2
  • 32
    • 0002339158 scopus 로고
    • Population increase in the subantarctic fur seal Arctocephalus tropicalis at Amsterdam Island
    • Hes, A.D., and Roux, J.-P. 1983. Population increase in the subantarctic fur seal Arctocephalus tropicalis at Amsterdam Island. S. Afr. J. Antarct. Res. 13: 29-34.
    • (1983) S. Afr. J. Antarct. Res , vol.13 , pp. 29-34
    • Hes, A.D.1    Roux, J.-P.2
  • 33
    • 0027332295 scopus 로고
    • Birth to weaning: Parturition, duration of lactation, and attendance cycles of Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea)
    • doi:10.1139/z93-290
    • Higgins, L.V., and Gass, L. 1993. Birth to weaning: parturition, duration of lactation, and attendance cycles of Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea). Can. J. Zool. 71(10): 2047-2055. doi:10.1139/z93-290.
    • (1993) Can. J. Zool , vol.71 , Issue.10 , pp. 2047-2055
    • Higgins, L.V.1    Gass, L.2
  • 34
    • 0346350328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using ages structure to detect impacts on threatened populations: A case study with Steller sea lions
    • doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00191.x
    • Holmes, E.E., and York, A.E. 2003. Using ages structure to detect impacts on threatened populations: a case study with Steller sea lions. Conserv. Biol. 17(6): 1794-1806. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00191.x.
    • (2003) Conserv. Biol , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 1794-1806
    • Holmes, E.E.1    York, A.E.2
  • 35
    • 66249086313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CSIRO, Canberra. Available at, accessed 15 January 2009
    • Hood, G.M. 2008. PopTools. CSIRO, Canberra. Available at http:// www.cse.csiro.au/poptools [accessed 15 January 2009].
    • (2008) Poptools
    • Hood, G.M.1
  • 36
    • 0345223015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended maternal dependence by juvenile Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)
    • Hume, F., Arnould, J.P.Y., Kirkwood, R., and Davis, P. 2001. Extended maternal dependence by juvenile Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). Aust. Mammal. 23: 67-70.
    • (2001) Aust. Mammal , vol.23 , pp. 67-70
    • Hume, F.1    Arnould, J.P.Y.2    Kirkwood, R.3    Davis, P.4
  • 37
    • 18244367877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pup production and population trends of the Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus)
    • doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01227.x
    • Kirkwood, R., Gales, R., Terauds, A., Arnould, J.P.Y., Pemberton, D., Shaughnessy, P.D., Mitchell, A.T., and Gibbens, J. 2005. Pup production and population trends of the Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus). Mar. Mamm. Sci. 21(2): 260-282. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2005.tb01227.x.
    • (2005) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 260-282
    • Kirkwood, R.1    Gales, R.2    Terauds, A.3    Arnould, J.P.Y.4    Pemberton, D.5    Shaughnessy, P.D.6    Mitchell, A.T.7    Gibbens, J.8
  • 38
    • 56149103118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea temperature variations mediate annual changes in the diet of Australian fur seals in Bass Strait
    • doi:10. 3354/meps07633
    • Kirkwood, R., Hume, F., and Hindell, M. 2008. Sea temperature variations mediate annual changes in the diet of Australian fur seals in Bass Strait. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 369: 297-309. doi:10. 3354/meps07633.
    • (2008) Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser , vol.369 , pp. 297-309
    • Kirkwood, R.1    Hume, F.2    Hindell, M.3
  • 39
    • 0001995205 scopus 로고
    • Diving behavior of South African fur seals
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J
    • Kooyman, G.L., and Gentry, R.L. (Editors). 1986. Diving behavior of South African fur seals. In Fur Seals: Maternal Strategies on Land and at Sea. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. pp. 142-152.
    • (1986) In Fur Seals: Maternal Strategies On Land and At Sea , pp. 142-152
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Gentry, R.L.2
  • 41
    • 0001832092 scopus 로고
    • A life table and biomass estimate for Alaskan fur seals
    • doi:10.1016/0165-7836(81)90007-2
    • Lander, R.H. 1981. A life table and biomass estimate for Alaskan fur seals. Fish. Res. 1: 55-70. doi:10.1016/0165-7836(81)90007-2.
    • (1981) Fish. Res , vol.1 , pp. 55-70
    • Lander, R.H.1
  • 42
    • 0000361325 scopus 로고
    • Growth and sexual maturity in aquatic mammals
    • doi:10.1038/178193a0
    • Laws, R.M. 1956. Growth and sexual maturity in aquatic mammals. Nature (London), 178(4526): 193-194. doi:10.1038/178193a0.
    • (1956) Nature (london) , vol.178 , Issue.4526 , pp. 193-194
    • Laws, R.M.1
  • 43
    • 0000767172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1997. Demography and population dynamics of South American fur seals
    • doi:10.2307/1382951
    • Lima, M., and Paez, E. 1997. Demography and population dynamics of South American fur seals. J. Mammal. 78(3): 914-920. doi:10.2307/1382951.
    • J. Mammal , vol.78 , Issue.3 , pp. 914-920
    • Lima, M.1    Paez, E.2
  • 44
    • 18244387328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of colonial sealing on seal stocks around Australia, New Zealand and subantarctic islands between 150 and 170 degrees East
    • Ling, J.K. 2002. Impact of colonial sealing on seal stocks around Australia, New Zealand and subantarctic islands between 150 and 170 degrees East. Aust. Mammal. 24: 117-126.
    • (2002) Aust. Mammal , vol.24 , pp. 117-126
    • Ling, J.K.1
  • 45
    • 0028163047 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive performance of female Antarctic fur seals: The influence of age, breeding experience, environmental variation and individual quality
    • doi:10.2307/5260
    • Lunn, N.J., Boyd, I.L., and Croxall, J.P. 1994. Reproductive performance of female Antarctic fur seals: the influence of age, breeding experience, environmental variation and individual quality. J. Anim. Ecol. 63(4): 827-840. doi:10.2307/5260.
    • (1994) J. Anim. Ecol , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 827-840
    • Lunn, N.J.1    Boyd, I.L.2    Croxall, J.P.3
  • 47
    • 0002290273 scopus 로고
    • Age determination
    • Edited by R.M. Laws. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • McCann, T.S. 1993. Age determination. In Antarctic Seals. Edited by R.M. Laws. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp. 199-227.
    • (1993) Antarctic Seals , pp. 199-227
    • McCann, T.S.1
  • 48
    • 71449096832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arctocephalus forsteri). Ph.D. thesis, Zoology Department, LaTrobe University, Melbourne
    • McKenzie, J. 2006. Population Demographics of New Zealand Fur Seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). Ph.D. thesis, Zoology Department, LaTrobe University, Melbourne.
    • (2006) Population Demographics of New Zealand Fur Seals
    • McKenzie, J.1
  • 49
    • 34447627638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth strategies of New Zealand fur seals in southern Australia
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00278.x
    • McKenzie, J., Page, B., Goldsworthy, S.D., and Hindell, M.A. 2007a. Growth strategies of New Zealand fur seals in southern Australia. J. Zool. (Lond.), 272(4): 377-389. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00278.x.
    • (2007) J. Zool. (lond.) , vol.272 , Issue.4 , pp. 377-389
    • McKenzie, J.1    Page, B.2    Goldsworthy, S.D.3    Hindell, M.A.4
  • 50
    • 34347214495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and reproductive maturity of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) in southern Australia
    • doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-150R1.1
    • McKenzie, J., Page, B., Shaughnessy, P.D., and Hindell, M. 2007b. Age and reproductive maturity of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) in southern Australia. J. Mammal. 88(3): 639-648. doi:10.1644/06-MAMM-A-150R1.1.
    • (2007) J. Mammal , vol.88 , Issue.3 , pp. 639-648
    • McKenzie, J.1    Page, B.2    Shaughnessy, P.D.3    Hindell, M.4
  • 51
    • 34548697579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the shelf-slope circulation along Australia's southern shelves: Cape Leeuwin to Portland
    • doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2007.07.001
    • Middleton, J.F., and Bye, J.A.T. 2007. A review of the shelf-slope circulation along Australia's southern shelves: Cape Leeuwin to Portland. Prog. Oceanogr. 75(1): 1-41. doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2007.07.001.
    • (2007) Prog. Oceanogr , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-41
    • Middleton, J.F.1    Bye, J.A.T.2
  • 52
    • 0037352704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of life-history variables to population growth rate in mammals: Cole's prediction revisited
    • doi:10.1086/367591. PMID:12699222
    • Oli, M.K., and Dobson, F.S. 2003. The relative importance of life-history variables to population growth rate in mammals: Cole's prediction revisited. Am. Nat. 161(3): 422-440. doi:10.1086/367591. PMID:12699222.
    • (2003) Am. Nat , vol.161 , Issue.3 , pp. 422-440
    • Oli, M.K.1    Dobson, F.S.2
  • 53
    • 0030841436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of an effective method to estimate age of Cape fur seals using ground tooth sections
    • doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1997.tb00091.x
    • Oosthuizen, W.H. 1997. Evaluation of an effective method to estimate age of Cape fur seals using ground tooth sections. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 13(4): 683-693. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1997.tb00091.x.
    • (1997) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 683-693
    • Oosthuizen, W.H.1
  • 54
    • 4344691837 scopus 로고
    • Distribution and conservation of the Australian fur seal in Tasmania
    • Pearse, R.J. 1979. Distribution and conservation of the Australian fur seal in Tasmania. Vic. Nat. 96: 48-53.
    • (1979) Vic. Nat , vol.96 , pp. 48-53
    • Pearse, R.J.1
  • 55
    • 4344675587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) breeding in Tasmania: Population size and status
    • doi:10.1071/WR02083
    • Pemberton, D., and Gales, R. 2004. Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) breeding in Tasmania: population size and status. Wildl. Res. 31(3): 301-309. doi:10.1071/WR02083.
    • (2004) Wildl. Res , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 301-309
    • Pemberton, D.1    Gales, R.2
  • 56
    • 0028161910 scopus 로고
    • Pup production and distribution of the Australian fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus, in Tasmania
    • doi:10.1071/WR9940341
    • Pemberton, D., and Kirkwood, R.J. 1994. Pup production and distribution of the Australian fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus, in Tasmania. Wildl. Res. 21(3): 341-352. doi:10.1071/WR9940341.
    • (1994) Wildl. Res , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 341-352
    • Pemberton, D.1    Kirkwood, R.J.2
  • 57
    • 0027868859 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between seals and marine fish farms in Tasmania, and management of the problem
    • doi:10.1002/aqc. 3270030207
    • Pemberton, D., and Shaughnessy, P.D. 1993. Interaction between seals and marine fish farms in Tasmania, and management of the problem. Aquat. Conserv. 3(2): 149-158. doi:10.1002/aqc. 3270030207.
    • (1993) Aquat. Conserv , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 149-158
    • Pemberton, D.1    Shaughnessy, P.D.2
  • 58
    • 0032468878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive performance of female Steller sea lions: An energetics-based reproductive strategy?
    • doi:10.1139/cjz-76-11-2075
    • Pitcher, K.W., Calkins, D.G., and Pendleton, G.W. 1998. Reproductive performance of female Steller sea lions: an energetics-based reproductive strategy? Can. J. Zool. 76(11): 2075-2083. doi:10.1139/cjz-76-11-2075.
    • (1998) Can. J. Zool , vol.76 , Issue.11 , pp. 2075-2083
    • Pitcher, K.W.1    Calkins, D.G.2    Pendleton, G.W.3
  • 60
    • 33745944884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ontogeny of total body oxygen stores and aerobic dive potential in Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus)
    • doi:10.1007/s00360-006-0076-9. PMID:16514541
    • Richmond, J.P., Burns, J.M., and Rea, L.D. 2006. Ontogeny of total body oxygen stores and aerobic dive potential in Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. 176(6): 535-545. doi:10.1007/s00360-006-0076-9. PMID:16514541.
    • (2006) J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol , vol.176 , Issue.6 , pp. 535-545
    • Richmond, J.P.1    Burns, J.M.2    Rea, L.D.3
  • 62
    • 0036289604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian fur seals, Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus: Pup numbers at Lady Julia Percy Island, Victoria, and a synthesis of the species' population status
    • doi:10.1071/ WR01056
    • Shaughnessy, P.D., Kirkwood, R.J., and Warneke, R.M. 2002. Australian fur seals, Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus: pup numbers at Lady Julia Percy Island, Victoria, and a synthesis of the species' population status. Wildl. Res. 29(2): 185-192. doi:10.1071/ WR01056.
    • (2002) Wildl. Res , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-192
    • Shaughnessy, P.D.1    Kirkwood, R.J.2    Warneke, R.M.3
  • 63
    • 0001189990 scopus 로고
    • A competing risk model for animal mortality
    • doi:10.2307/1936612
    • Siler, W. 1979. A competing risk model for animal mortality. Ecology, 60(4): 750-757. doi:10.2307/1936612.
    • (1979) Ecology , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 750-757
    • Siler, W.1
  • 65
    • 34247189568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological and behavioural development of diving in Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups
    • doi:10.1007/s00360-007-0146-7. PMID:17294194
    • Spence-Bailey, L.M., Verrier, D., and Arnould, J.P.Y. 2007. The physiological and behavioural development of diving in Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) pups. J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol. 177(4): 483-494. doi:10.1007/s00360-007-0146-7. PMID:17294194.
    • (2007) J. Comp. Physiol. B Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol , vol.177 , Issue.4 , pp. 483-494
    • Spence-Bailey, L.M.1    Verrier, D.2    Arnould, J.P.Y.3
  • 66
    • 0031428944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño and climate change
    • doi:10.1029/ 97GL03092
    • Trenberth, K.E., and Hoar, T.J. 1997. El Niño and climate change. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24(23): 3057-3060. doi:10.1029/ 97GL03092.
    • (1997) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.24 , Issue.23 , pp. 3057-3060
    • Trenberth, K.E.1    Hoar, T.J.2
  • 68
    • 0037349953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The decline of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska: A review of the nutritional stress hypothesis
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-2907.2003.00009.x
    • Trites, A.W., and Donnelly, C.P. 2003. The decline of Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in Alaska: a review of the nutritional stress hypothesis. Mammal Rev. 33(1): 3-28. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2907.2003.00009.x.
    • (2003) Mammal Rev , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-28
    • Trites, A.W.1    Donnelly, C.P.2
  • 69
    • 0001633718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the abundance of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska from 1956 to 1992: How many were there?
    • Trites, A.W., and Larkin, P.A. 1996. Changes in the abundance of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in Alaska from 1956 to 1992: How many were there? Aquat. Mamm. 22: 153-166.
    • (1996) Aquat. Mamm , vol.22 , pp. 153-166
    • Trites, A.W.1    Larkin, P.A.2
  • 70
    • 0000027225 scopus 로고
    • A quantitative theory of organic growth
    • von Bertalanffy, L. 1938. A quantitative theory of organic growth. Hum. Biol. 10: 181-213.
    • (1938) Hum. Biol , vol.10 , pp. 181-213
    • von Bertalanffy, L.1
  • 71
    • 0000327766 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal and mortality of juvenile fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus in Bass Strait, southeastern Australia
    • Edited by K. Ronald and A.W. Mansfield. Rapport et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions, Conseil Permanent International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, Charlottenlund Slot, Denmark
    • Warneke, R.M. 1975. Dispersal and mortality of juvenile fur seals Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus in Bass Strait, southeastern Australia. In Biology of the Seal. Edited by K. Ronald and A.W. Mansfield. Rapport et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions. Vol. 169. Conseil Permanent International pour l'Exploration de la Mer, Charlottenlund Slot, Denmark. pp. 296-302.
    • (1975) Biology of The Seal , vol.169 , pp. 296-302
    • Warneke, R.M.1
  • 73
    • 0002216393 scopus 로고
    • Arctocephalus pusillus, the South African and Australian fur seal: Taxonomy, evolution, biogeography, and life history
    • Edited by J.K. Ling and M.M. Bryden. South Australian Museum, Adelaide
    • Warneke, R.M., and Shaughnessy, P.D. 1985. Arctocephalus pusillus, the South African and Australian fur seal: taxonomy, evolution, biogeography, and life history. In Studies of Sea Mammals in South Latitudes. Edited by J.K. Ling and M.M. Bryden. South Australian Museum, Adelaide. pp. 53-76.
    • (1985) Studies of Sea Mammals In South Latitudes , pp. 53-76
    • Warneke, R.M.1    Shaughnessy, P.D.2
  • 74
    • 0027072522 scopus 로고
    • Seal pup counts as indicators of population size
    • Wickens, P.A., and Shelton, P.A. 1992. Seal pup counts as indicators of population size. S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res, 22: 65-69.
    • (1992) S. Afr. J. Wildl. Res , vol.22 , pp. 65-69
    • Wickens, P.A.1    Shelton, P.A.2
  • 75
    • 0030619256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative population dynamics of fur seals
    • doi:10. 1111/j.1748-7692.1997.tb00631.x
    • Wickens, P., and York, A.E. 1997. Comparative population dynamics of fur seals. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 13(2): 241-292. doi:10. 1111/j.1748-7692.1997.tb00631.x.
    • (1997) Mar. Mamm. Sci , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 241-292
    • Wickens, P.1    York, A.E.2
  • 76
    • 0034985562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth in body size of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus)
    • doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2001) 082<0500:GIBSOT>2.0.CO;2
    • Winship, A.J., Trites, A.W., and Calkins, D.G. 2001. Growth in body size of the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus). J. Mammal. 82(2): 500-519. doi:10.1644/1545-1542(2001) 082<0500:GIBSOT>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2001) J. Mammal , vol.82 , Issue.2 , pp. 500-519
    • Winship, A.J.1    Trites, A.W.2    Calkins, D.G.3
  • 77
    • 0035197377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships within the eared seals (Otariidae: Carnivora): Implications for the his-torical biogeography of the family
    • doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1012. PMID:11697921
    • Wynen, L.P., Goldsworthy, S.D., Insley, S.J., Adams, M., Bickham, J.W., Francis, J., Gallo, J.P., Hoelzel, A.R., Majluf, P., White, R.W.G., and Slade, R. 2001. Phylogenetic relationships within the eared seals (Otariidae: Carnivora): implications for the his-torical biogeography of the family. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 21(2): 270-284. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.1012. PMID:11697921.
    • (2001) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 270-284
    • Wynen, L.P.1    Goldsworthy, S.D.2    Insley, S.J.3    Adams, M.4    Bickham, J.W.5    Francis, J.6    Gallo, J.P.7    Hoelzel, A.R.8    Majluf, P.9    White, R.W.G.10    Slade, R.11


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.