Determination of ankle muscle power in normal gait using an EMG-to-force processing approach

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 46-54

  Bogey, R A ^a,b   Gitter, A J ^c   Barnes, L A ^d  

^a REHABILITATION INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

^d B and L Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

Gait; Muscle power; Neuromuscular model

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANKLE; ARTICLE; CALCULATION; DYNAMICS; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FLEXOR MUSCLE; GAIT; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; KINEMATICS; KINETICS; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE FUNCTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WALKING SPEED;

ADULT; ALGORITHMS; ANKLE JOINT; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; ENERGY TRANSFER; GAIT; HUMANS; LOCOMOTION; MALE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRENGTH; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; STRESS, MECHANICAL; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 71349085463     PISSN: 10506411     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2008.09.013     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Arsenault A., Winter D., and Marteniuk R. Is there a 'normal' profile of EMG activity in gait?. Med Biol Eng Comput 24 (1986) 337-343
2. Basmajian J., and Stedio G. A new bipolar indwelling electrode for electromyography. J Appl Physiol 17 (1962) 849-858
3. Bell D., and Jacobs I. Electro-mechanical response times and rate of force development in males and females. Med Sci Sports Exer 18 (1986) 31-36
4. Bogey R., Barnes L., and Perry J. Computer algorithms to characterize individual subject EMG profiles during gait. Arch Phys Med Rehab 73 (1992) 835-841
5. Bogey R., Cerny K., and Mohammed O. Repeatability of wire and surface electrodes in gait. Am J Phys Med Rehab 85 (2003) 338-344
6. Bogey R., Perry J., and Gitter A. An EMG-to-force processing approach for determining ankle muscle forces during normal human gait. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehab Eng (2005) 13
7. Cavagna G. Storage and utilization of elastic energy in skeletal muscle. Exer Sports Sci Rev 5 (1977) 89-129
8. Chao E.Y.-.S., and Rim K. Application of optimization principles in determining the applied moments in human leg joints during gait. J Biomech 6 (1973) 497-510
9. Crosby P. Use of surface electromyography as a measure of dynamic force in human limb muscles. Med Biol Eng Comput 16 (1978) 519-524
10. Czerniecki J., Gitter A., and Munro C. Joint moment and muscle power output characteristics of below-knee amputees during running: The influence of energy storing prosthetic feet. J Biomech 24 (1990) 63-76
11. Davy D., and Audu M. A dynamic optimization technique for predicting muscle forces in the swing phase of gait. J Biomech 20 (1987) 187-201
12. Delagi E.F., Perotta A., Iazzetti J., and Morrison D. Anatomical guide for the electromyographer (1994), Chaarles C. Thomas, Publisher, Springfield, IL
13. Delp S. Surgery simulation: a computer graphics system to analyze and design musculoskeletal reconstructions of the lower limb. Doctoral Dissertation, Stanford University; 1990.
14. Delp S., Loan J., Hoy M., Zajak F., Topp E., and Rosen J. An interactive graphics-based model of the lower extremity to study orthopaedic surgical procedures. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 37 (1990) 757-767
15. Dempster W. Space requirements of the seated operator. Geometrical, Kinematic, and mechanical aspects of the body with special reference to the limbs. In: 55-159 WTR, editor. Aero Medical Laboratory. 1-253: Wright Air Development Center, Air Research and Development Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio; 1955.
16. Eng J., Winter D., and Patla A. Intralimb dynamics simplify reactive control strategies during locomotion. J Biomech 30 (1997) 581-588
17. Friederich J., and Brand R. Muscle fiber architecture in the human lower limb. J Biomech 23 (1990) 91-95
18. Fujita M., Matsusaka N., Norimatsu T., Suzuki R., and Chiba T. The role of the ankle plantarflexors in level walking. Acta Physiol Scand 111 (1981) 484-488
19. Gage J., Fabian D., Hicks R., and Tashman S. Pre- and post-operative gait analysis in patients with spastic diplegia: a preliminary report. J Pediatric Orthopaed 4 (1984) 715-725
20. Gitter A., Czerniecki J., and DeGroot D. Biomechanical analysis of the influence of prosthetic feet on below-knee amputee walking. Am J Phys Med Rehab 70 (1991) 142-148
21. Gottschall J., and Kram R. Energy cost and muscular activity required for propulsion during walking. J Appl Physiol 94 (2003) 1766-1772
22. Griffiths R. Shortening of muscle fibres during stretch of the active cat medial gastrocnemius muscle: the role of tendon compliance. J Physiol 436 (1991) 219-236
23. Hatze H. Comments on 'a dynamic optimization technique for predicting muscle forces in swing phase of gait' by D.T. Davy and M.L. Audu, and general trends in contemporary muscle modelling. J Biomech 33 (2000) 888-889
24. Heintz S., and Gutierrez-Farewik A. Static optimization of muscle forces during gait in comparison to EMG-to-force processing. Gait Post 26 (2007) 279-288
25. Hill A. The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants in muscle. Proc Royal Soc (Biology) B-126 (1938) 136-195
26. Hislop H., and Montgomery J. Muscle testing: techniques of muscle examination (1995), W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia
27. Hof A., and van den Berg J. EMG to force processing under dynamic conditions. In: Komi P. (Ed). Biomechanics VI-A (1978), University Park Press, Baltimore 221-228
28. Hof A., and Van den Berg J. EMG to force processing I: an electrical analogue of the Hill muscle model. J Biomech 14 (1981) 747-758
29. Hof A., and Van den Berg J. EMG to force processing II: estimation of parameters of the Hill muscle model for the human triceps surae by means of a calfergometer. J Biomech 14 (1981) 759-770
30. Hof A., and Van den Berg J. EMG to force processing III: estimation of model parameters for the human triceps surae muscle and assessment of the accuracy by means of a torque plate. J Biomech 14 (1981) 771-785
31. Hof A., and Van den Berg J. EMG to force processing IV: eccentric-concentric contractions on a spring-flywheel set up. J Biomech 14 (1981) 787-792
32. Hoffer M., and Perry J. Pathodynamics of gait alterations in cerebral palsy and the significance of kinetic electromyography in evaluating foot and ankle problems. Foot Ankle 4 (1983) 128-134
33. Hoy M., Zajac F., and Gordon M. A musculoskeletal model of the human lower extremity: The effect of muscle, tendon, and moment arm on the moment-angle relationship of musculotendon actuators at the hip, knee, and ankle. J Biomech 23 (1990) 157-169
34. Kadaba M., Ramakrishnan H., Wooten M., Gainey J., Gorton G., and Cochran G. Repeatability of kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic data in normal adult gait. J Orthopaedic Res 7 (1989) 849-860
35. Kepple T., Siegel K., and Stanhope S. Relative contributions of the lower extremity joint moments to forward progression and support during stance. Gait Post 6 (1997) 1-8
36. Kirk R.E. Experimental design: procedures for the behavioral sciences (1968), Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, CA
37. Komi P., Salonen M., and Jarvinen M. In vivo measurements of Achilles tendon forces in man. Med Sci Sports Exer 16 (1984) 165-166
38. Komi P., Salonen M., Jarvinen M., and Kokko O. In vivo registration of Achilles tendon forces in man. I. methodological development. Int J Sports Med 8 Suppl (1987) 3-8
39. Komi P., Fukashiro S., and Jarvinen M. Biomechanical loading of Achilles tendon during normal locomotion. Clin Sports Med 11 (1992) 521-531
40. Kuo H., Yen C., Chai H., Chang C., Yeh Y., Yu Y., et al. Exploring how peak leg power and usual gait speed are linked to later-life disability. Am J Phys Med Rehab 85 (2006) 650-658
41. Meinders M., Gitter A., and Czerniecki J. The role of ankle plantar flexor work during walking. Scand J Rehab Med 1998 (1998) 39-46
42. Metral S., and Cassar G. Relationship between force and integrated EMG activity during voluntary isometric anisotonic contraction. Eur J Appl Physiol 46 (1981) 185-198
43. Milner-Brown H., and Stein R. The relation between the surface electromyogram and muscular force. J Physiol 246 (1975) 549-569
44. Milner-Brown H., Stein R., and Yemm R. Changes in firing rate of human motor units during linearly changing voluntary contractions. J Physiol 230 (1973) 371-390
45. Milner-Brown H., Stein R., and Yemm R. The contractile properties of human motor units during voluntary isometric contractions. J Physiol 228 (1973) 285-306
46. Neptune R., Kautz S., and Zajac F. Contributions of the individual ankle plantar flexors to support, forward progression and swing initiation during walking. J Biomech 34 (2001) 1387-1398
47. Norris J., Granata K., Mitros M., Byrne E., and Marsh A. Effect of augmented plantar flexion power on preferred walking speed and economy in young and older adults. Gait Post 25 (2007) 620-627
48. Olney S., and Winter D. Predictions of knee and ankle moments of force in walking from EMG and kinematic data. J Biomech 18 (1985) 9-20
49. Olney S., Griffin M., Monga T., and McBride I. Work and power in gait of stroke patients. Arch Phys Med Rehab 72 (1991) 309-314
50. Olney S., Griffin M., and McBride I. Temporal, kinematic, and kinetic variables related to gait speed in subjects with hemiplegia: a regression approach. Phys Ther 74 (1994) 872-885
51. Patriarco A., Mann R., Simon S., and Mansour J. An evaluation of the approaches of optimization models in the prediction of muscle during human gait. J Biomech 14 (1981) 513-525
52. Perry J. Kinesiology of lower extremity bracing. Clin Orthopaedics 102 (1974) 18-31
53. Perry J. Gait analysis: normal and pathological function (1992), McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York
54. Perry J., Ireland M., Gronley J., and Hoffer M. Predictive value of manual muscle testing and gait analysis in normal ankles by electromyography. Foot Ankle 6 (1986) 254-259
55. Phillips L., and Park T. Electrophysiologic mapping of the segmental anatomy of the muscles of the lower extremity. Muscle Nerve 14 (1991) 1213-1218
56. Powers C., Torburn L., Perry J., and Ayyappa E. Influence of prosthetic foot design on sound limb loading in adults with unilateral below-knee amputations. Arch Phys Med Rehab 75 (1994) 825-829
57. Riley P., Croce U.D., and Kerrigan D. Propulsive adaptation to changing gait speed. J Biomech 34 (2001) 197-202
58. Sadeghi H., Sadeghi S., Allard P., Labelle H., and Duhaime M. Lower limb muscle power relationships in bilateral able-bodied gait. Am J Phys Med Rehab 80 (2001) 821-830
59. Sadeghi H., Allard P., Lachance R., Aissaoui R., Sadeghi S., and Duhaime M. Relationship between ankle frontal powers and 3-D gait patterns. Am J Phys Med Rehab 81 (2002) 429-436
60. Siegel K., Kepple T., and Stanhope S. Joint moment control of mechanical energy flow during normal gait. Gait Post 19 (2004) 69-75
61. Simon S.R., Mann R.A., Hagy J.L., and Larsen L.J. Role of the posterior calf muscles in normal gait. J Bone Joint Surg 60-A (1978) 465-472
62. Stewart C., Postans N., Schwartz M., Romumalski A., and Roberts A. An exploration of the function of the triceps surae during normal gait using functional electrical stimulation. Gait Post 26 (2007) 482-488
63. Sutherland D.H., Cooper L., and Daniel D. The role of the ankle plantar flexors in normal walking. J Bone Joint Surg 62A (1980) 354-363
64. 2 cost of walking in children with cerebral palsy. Med Sci Sports Exer 31 (1999) 1703-1715
65. Vardaxis V., Allard P., Lachance R., and Duhaime M. Classification of able-bodied gait using 3-D muscle powers. Human Movement Sci 17 (1998) 121-136
66. White S., and Winter D. Predicting muscle forces in gait from EMG signals and musculotendon kinematics. J Electromyog Kinesiol 92 (1992) 217-231
67. Wickiewicz T., Roy R., Powell P., and Edgerton V. Muscle architecture of the human lower limb. Clin Orthopaedics Related Res 179 (1983) 275-283
68. Winter D. Energy generation and absorption at the ankle and knee during fast, natural, and slow cadences. Clin Orthopaedics Related Res 175 (1983) 147-154
69. Winter D., and Yak H. EMG profiles during normal human walking: Stride-to-stride and inter-subject variability. Electroencephalog Clin Neurophysiol 67 (1987) 402-422
70. Winter D., Quanbury A., and Reimer G. Instantaneous energy and power flow in normal human gait. In: Komi P. (Ed). Biomechanics V-A (1977), University Park Press, Baltimore 334-340
71. Young A., Getty J., Jackson A., Kirwan E., Sullivan M., and Parry C. Variations in the pattern of muscle innervation by the L5 and S1 nerve roots. Spine 8 (1983) 616-624