메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 319-355

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of coupled flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic problems in electrical transformers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COUPLED FLOW; COUPLED PROBLEMS; COUPLING PROCEDURE; DRY-TYPE TRANSFORMER; ELECTROMAGNETIC PHENOMENA; ELECTROMAGNETIC PROBLEMS; EUROPEAN STANDARDS; EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATIONS; EXTERNAL TANKS; FLUID FLOW; INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; MATERIAL PROPERTY; MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTIONS; NUMERICAL CALCULATION; NUMERICAL EXAMPLE; NUMERICAL MODELING; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; RADIATIVE HEAT FLUXES; SPECIFIC POWER; SUBMODELS; TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT; TEMPERATURE TEST; THREE PHASE;

EID: 71349084102     PISSN: 11343060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11831-009-9032-7     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 0034279054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurements of the convection heat transfer coefficient for a planar wall jet: Uniform temperature and uniform heat flux boundary
    • AbdulNour R, Willenborg K, McGrath J, Foss J, AbdulNour B (2000) Measurements of the convection heat transfer coefficient for a planar wall jet: uniform temperature and uniform heat flux boundary. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 22: 123-131.
    • (2000) Exp Therm Fluid Sci , vol.22 , pp. 123-131
    • Abdulnour, R.1    Willenborg, K.2    McGrath, J.3    Foss, J.4    Abdulnour, B.5
  • 6
    • 0028514066 scopus 로고
    • Efficient transformer design by computing core loss using a novel approach
    • Basak A, Yu CH, Lloyd G (1994) Efficient transformer design by computing core loss using a novel approach. IEEE Trans Magn 30: 3725-3728.
    • (1994) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.30 , pp. 3725-3728
    • Basak, A.1    Yu, C.H.2    Lloyd, G.3
  • 7
    • 0030181477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flux distribution and loss in a 100 kva 3-phase wound amorphous transformer core
    • Basak A, Modes A, Yasin M (1996) Flux distribution and loss in a 100 kva 3-phase wound amorphous transformer core. J Magn Magn Mater 160: 210-212.
    • (1996) J Magn Magn Mater , vol.160 , pp. 210-212
    • Basak, A.1    Modes, A.2    Yasin, M.3
  • 9
    • 0141447535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low Reynolds number mixed convection in vertical tubes with uniform wall heat flux
    • Behzadmehr A, Galanis N, Laneville A (2003) Low Reynolds number mixed convection in vertical tubes with uniform wall heat flux. Int J Heat Mass Transf 46: 4823-4833.
    • (2003) Int J Heat Mass Transf , vol.46 , pp. 4823-4833
    • Behzadmehr, A.1    Galanis, N.2    Laneville, A.3
  • 10
    • 0023166318 scopus 로고
    • General properties of power losses in soft ferromagnetic materials
    • Bertotti G (1988) General properties of power losses in soft ferromagnetic materials. IEEE Trans Magn 24: 621-630.
    • (1988) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.24 , pp. 621-630
    • Bertotti, G.1
  • 11
    • 0036665980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling BEM, FEM and analytic solutions in steady-state potential problems
    • Bialecki R, Ostrowski Z, Kassab A, Yin Q, Sciubba E (2002) Coupling BEM, FEM and analytic solutions in steady-state potential problems. Eng Anal Bound Elem 26: 597-611.
    • (2002) Eng Anal Bound Elem , vol.26 , pp. 597-611
    • Bialecki, R.1    Ostrowski, Z.2    Kassab, A.3    Yin, Q.4    Sciubba, E.5
  • 12
    • 0033076516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edge element formulations of eddy current problems
    • Bíró O (1999) Edge element formulations of eddy current problems. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 169: 391-405.
    • (1999) Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng , vol.169 , pp. 391-405
    • Bíró, O.1
  • 13
    • 0024703117 scopus 로고
    • On the use of the magnetic vector potential in the finite element analysis of the three-dimensional eddy currents
    • Bíró O, Preis K (1989) On the use of the magnetic vector potential in the finite element analysis of the three-dimensional eddy currents. IEEE Trans Magn 25: 3145-3159.
    • (1989) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.25 , pp. 3145-3159
    • Bíró, O.1    Preis, K.2
  • 14
    • 0000831713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex representation in nonlinear time harmonic eddy current problems
    • Bíró O, Paoli G, Buchgraber G (1998) Complex representation in nonlinear time harmonic eddy current problems. IEEE Trans Magn 34: 2625-2628.
    • (1998) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.34 , pp. 2625-2628
    • Bíró, O.1    Paoli, G.2    Buchgraber, G.3
  • 17
    • 0017557713 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of alternative formulations of 3-dimensional magnetic field and eddy-current problems at power frequencies
    • Carpenter CJ (1977) Comparison of alternative formulations of 3-dimensional magnetic field and eddy-current problems at power frequencies. Proc IEE 124: 1026-1034.
    • (1977) Proc IEE , vol.124 , pp. 1026-1034
    • Carpenter, C.J.1
  • 19
    • 0041530403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnet/cryocooler integration for thermal stability in conduction-cooled systems
    • Chang HM, Kwon K (2002) Magnet/cryocooler integration for thermal stability in conduction-cooled systems. Adv Cryog Eng 47: 489-496.
    • (2002) Adv Cryog Eng , vol.47 , pp. 489-496
    • Chang, H.M.1    Kwon, K.2
  • 20
    • 0141525314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryogenic cooling system of HTS transformers by natural convection liquid nitrogen
    • Chang HM, Choi Y, van Sciver S, Choi K (2003) Cryogenic cooling system of HTS transformers by natural convection liquid nitrogen. Cryogenics 43: 589-596.
    • (2003) Cryogenics , vol.43 , pp. 589-596
    • Chang, H.M.1    Choi, Y.2    van Sciver, S.3    Choi, K.4
  • 21
    • 85007720888 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional radiating gas flow by a moment method
    • Cheng P (1964) Two-dimensional radiating gas flow by a moment method. AIAA J 2: 1662-1664.
    • (1964) AIAA J , vol.2 , pp. 1662-1664
    • Cheng, P.1
  • 22
  • 23
    • 0027579593 scopus 로고
    • Computation of radiant heat transfer on a non-orthogonal mesh using the Finite-Volume method
    • Chui E, Raithby G (1993) Computation of radiant heat transfer on a non-orthogonal mesh using the Finite-Volume method. Numer Heat Transf, Part B 23: 269-288.
    • (1993) Numer Heat Transf, Part B , vol.23 , pp. 269-288
    • Chui, E.1    Raithby, G.2
  • 25
    • 0003190578 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eddy currents in transformer windings
    • Dowell P (1966) Effects of eddy currents in transformer windings. Proc IEE 113: 1387-1394.
    • (1966) Proc IEE , vol.113 , pp. 1387-1394
    • Dowell, P.1
  • 26
    • 0036506144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computation algorithms for efficient coupled electromagnetic-thermal device simulation
    • Driesen J, Belmans R, Hameyer K (2002) Computation algorithms for efficient coupled electromagnetic-thermal device simulation. IEE Proc Sci Meas Technol 149: 67-72.
    • (2002) IEE Proc Sci Meas Technol , vol.149 , pp. 67-72
    • Driesen, J.1    Belmans, R.2    Hameyer, K.3
  • 27
  • 29
    • 0030104380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A contribution to the modeling of three phase transformers using reluctances
    • Elleuch M, Poloujadoff M (1996) A contribution to the modeling of three phase transformers using reluctances. IEEE Trans Magn 32: 335-343.
    • (1996) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.32 , pp. 335-343
    • Elleuch, M.1    Poloujadoff, M.2
  • 30
    • 0031248840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turbulent natural convection heat transfer in an asymmetrically heated, vertical parallel-plate channel
    • Fedorow A, Viscanta R (1997) Turbulent natural convection heat transfer in an asymmetrically heated, vertical parallel-plate channel. Int J Heat Mass Transf 40: 3849-3860.
    • (1997) Int J Heat Mass Transf , vol.40 , pp. 3849-3860
    • Fedorow, A.1    Viscanta, R.2
  • 34
    • 0026895576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple model for heat conduction in heterogeneous material and irregular bodies
    • Goel N, Gerboc J, Lehtonen J (2000) A simple model for heat conduction in heterogeneous material and irregular bodies. Int Commun Heat Mass Transf, Part A 37: 519-530.
    • (2000) Int Commun Heat Mass Transf, Part A , vol.37 , pp. 519-530
    • Goel, N.1    Gerboc, J.2    Lehtonen, J.3
  • 36
    • 0035787664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional finite element modeling of overlap joints in transformer cores
    • Gyselinck J, Melkebeek J (2001) Two-dimensional finite element modeling of overlap joints in transformer cores. Int J Comput Math Electr Electron Eng 20: 253-268.
    • (2001) Int J Comput Math Electr Electron Eng , vol.20 , pp. 253-268
    • Gyselinck, J.1    Melkebeek, J.2
  • 37
    • 0026172251 scopus 로고
    • Natural convection flow in a square cavity calculated with low-Reynolds-number turbulence models
    • Henkes R, van der Flugt F, Hoogendoorn C (1991) Natural convection flow in a square cavity calculated with low-Reynolds-number turbulence models. Int J Heat Mass Transf 34: 1543-1557.
    • (1991) Int J Heat Mass Transf , vol.34 , pp. 1543-1557
    • Henkes, R.1    van der Flugt, F.2    Hoogendoorn, C.3
  • 38
  • 39
    • 71349084188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal analysis of oil cooled transformer
    • Paris, France
    • Joshi K, Deshmukh N (2004) Thermal analysis of oil cooled transformer. Cigre 2004 session, Paris, France.
    • (2004) Cigre 2004 session
    • Joshi, K.1    Deshmukh, N.2
  • 40
    • 0001595571 scopus 로고
    • Preconditioned conjugate gradients for solving singular systems
    • Kaasschieter E (1988) Preconditioned conjugate gradients for solving singular systems. J Comput Appl Math 24: 265-275.
    • (1988) J Comput Appl Math , vol.24 , pp. 265-275
    • Kaasschieter, E.1
  • 42
    • 28744441935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High power density, high frequency, and high voltage pulse transformer
    • Kim S, Nam S, Kim S, Kim D, Jeong S (2002) High power density, high frequency, and high voltage pulse transformer. IEEE 2: 808-811.
    • (2002) Ieee , vol.2 , pp. 808-811
    • Kim, S.1    Nam, S.2    Kim, S.3    Kim, D.4    Jeong, S.5
  • 44
    • 33746599115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and numerical analysis of electrothermal and mechanical phenomena in HTS tube of inductive SFCL
    • Kozak S, Janowski T, Wojtasiewicz G, Kozak J, Glowacki B (2006) Experimental and numerical analysis of electrothermal and mechanical phenomena in HTS tube of inductive SFCL. IEEE Trans Appl Superconduct 16: 711-714.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans Appl Superconduct , vol.16 , pp. 711-714
    • Kozak, S.1    Janowski, T.2    Wojtasiewicz, G.3    Kozak, J.4    Glowacki, B.5
  • 45
    • 49549151853 scopus 로고
    • Application of the energy dissipation model of turbulence to the calculation of flow near a spinning disc
    • Launder B, Sharma B (1974) Application of the energy dissipation model of turbulence to the calculation of flow near a spinning disc. Lett Heat Mass Transf 1: 131-138.
    • (1974) Lett Heat Mass Transf , vol.1 , pp. 131-138
    • Launder, B.1    Sharma, B.2
  • 48
    • 0031550021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of electrical resistivity on core losses in soft magnetic iron powder materials
    • Lefebvre L, Pelletier S, Gelinas C (1997) Effect of electrical resistivity on core losses in soft magnetic iron powder materials. J Magn Magn Mater 176: 93-97.
    • (1997) J Magn Magn Mater , vol.176 , pp. 93-97
    • Lefebvre, L.1    Pelletier, S.2    Gelinas, C.3
  • 49
    • 22044450600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3-D computation of transformer overheating under nonlinear loads
    • Lefevre A, Miegeville L, Fouladgar J, Olivier G (2005) 3-D computation of transformer overheating under nonlinear loads. IEEE Trans Magn 30: 1564-1567.
    • (2005) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.30 , pp. 1564-1567
    • Lefevre, A.1    Miegeville, L.2    Fouladgar, J.3    Olivier, G.4
  • 50
    • 0034171412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective thermal conductivity in HTS coils
    • Lehtonen J, Mikkonen R, Paasi J (2000) Effective thermal conductivity in HTS coils. Cryogenics 40: 245-249.
    • (2000) Cryogenics , vol.40 , pp. 245-249
    • Lehtonen, J.1    Mikkonen, R.2    Paasi, J.3
  • 51
    • 0034178356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen from 60 to 2000 K at pressures to 2000 MPa
    • Lemmon E, Jacobsen R, Penoncello S, Friend D (2000) Thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen from 60 to 2000 K at pressures to 2000 MPa. J Phys Chem 29: 0.
    • (2000) J Phys Chem , vol.29 , pp. 0
    • Lemmon, E.1    Jacobsen, R.2    Penoncello, S.3    Friend, D.4
  • 53
    • 4544224262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of heat pipe application in heat recovery systems
    • Lin S, Broadbent J, McGlen R (2005) Numerical study of heat pipe application in heat recovery systems. Appl Therm Eng 25: 127-133.
    • (2005) Appl Therm Eng , vol.25 , pp. 127-133
    • Lin, S.1    Broadbent, J.2    McGlen, R.3
  • 54
    • 0037908785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical determination of anisotropic effective thermal conductivity in transformer windings
    • Lussier D, Ormiston R, Marko R (2003) Theoretical determination of anisotropic effective thermal conductivity in transformer windings. Int Commun Heat Mass Transf 30: 313-322.
    • (2003) Int Commun Heat Mass Transf , vol.30 , pp. 313-322
    • Lussier, D.1    Ormiston, R.2    Marko, R.3
  • 56
    • 47549093654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of infrared thermography to the evaluation of local convective heat transfer on arrays of cubical protrusions
    • Meinders E, van der Meer T, Hanjalic K, Lasance C (1997) Application of infrared thermography to the evaluation of local convective heat transfer on arrays of cubical protrusions. Int J Heat Mass Transf 18: 2571-2582.
    • (1997) Int J Heat Mass Transf , vol.18 , pp. 2571-2582
    • Meinders, E.1    van der Meer, T.2    Hanjalic, K.3    Lasance, C.4
  • 57
    • 0033881680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of the mixed convection in the windings of a disc-type power transformer
    • Mufuta JM, van den Bulck E (2000) Modeling of the mixed convection in the windings of a disc-type power transformer. Appl Therm Eng 20: 417-437.
    • (2000) Appl Therm Eng , vol.20 , pp. 417-437
    • Mufuta, J.M.1    van den Bulck, E.2
  • 58
    • 0034826105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of mass flow distribution around an array of rectangular blocks in-line arranged and simulating the cross-section of a winding disc-type transformer
    • Mufuta JM, van den Bulck E (2001) Modeling of mass flow distribution around an array of rectangular blocks in-line arranged and simulating the cross-section of a winding disc-type transformer. Appl Therm Eng 21: 731-749.
    • (2001) Appl Therm Eng , vol.21 , pp. 731-749
    • Mufuta, J.M.1    van den Bulck, E.2
  • 59
    • 0029340872 scopus 로고
    • Power ferrite loss formulas for transformer design
    • Mulder S (1995) Power ferrite loss formulas for transformer design. Power Convers Intell Motion 21: 22-31.
    • (1995) Power Convers Intell Motion , vol.21 , pp. 22-31
    • Mulder, S.1
  • 61
    • 0000956627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infrared thermography applied to the resolution of inverse heat conduction problems: Recovery of heat line sources and boundary conditions
    • Niliot CL, Gallet P (1998) Infrared thermography applied to the resolution of inverse heat conduction problems: recovery of heat line sources and boundary conditions. Rev Gener Therm 37: 629-643.
    • (1998) Rev Gener Therm , vol.37 , pp. 629-643
    • Niliot, C.L.1    Gallet, P.2
  • 62
    • 0019084768 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of transformer winding temperatures and coolant flows using a general network method
    • Oliver A (1980) Estimation of transformer winding temperatures and coolant flows using a general network method. IEE Proc, Part C 127(6): 395-405.
    • (1980) IEE Proc, Part C , vol.127 , Issue.6 , pp. 395-405
    • Oliver, A.1
  • 63
  • 67
    • 0026854412 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the temperature distribution in cast-resin transformer windings
    • Pierce L (1992) An investigation of the temperature distribution in cast-resin transformer windings. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 7: 920-926.
    • (1992) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.7 , pp. 920-926
    • Pierce, L.1
  • 68
    • 0028465075 scopus 로고
    • Thermal considerations in specifying dry-type transformers
    • Pierce L (1994) Thermal considerations in specifying dry-type transformers. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 30: 1090-1098.
    • (1994) IEEE Trans Ind Appl , vol.30 , pp. 1090-1098
    • Pierce, L.1
  • 69
    • 84876756129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Standard EN 60076: 1997
    • Power transformers. European Standard EN 60076: 1997.
    • Power Transformers
  • 70
    • 22044447779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FEM analysis of eddy current losses in nonlinear laminated cores
    • Preis K, Biro O, Ticar I (2005) FEM analysis of eddy current losses in nonlinear laminated cores. IEEE Trans Magn 41: 1412-1415.
    • (2005) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.41 , pp. 1412-1415
    • Preis, K.1    Biro, O.2    Ticar, I.3
  • 71
    • 33645161007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal-electromagnetic coupling in fem simulation of power transformers
    • Preis K, Bíró O, Buchgraber G, Ticar I (2006) Thermal-electromagnetic coupling in fem simulation of power transformers. IEEE Trans Magn 42: 999-1002.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.42 , pp. 999-1002
    • Preis, K.1    Bíró, O.2    Buchgraber, G.3    Ticar, I.4
  • 72
    • 44049096834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eddy current losses in large air coils with layered stranded conductors
    • Preis K, Bíró O, Reisinger H, Papp K, Ticar I (2008) Eddy current losses in large air coils with layered stranded conductors. IEEE Trans Magn 44: 1318-1321.
    • (2008) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.44 , pp. 1318-1321
    • Preis, K.1    Bíró, O.2    Reisinger, H.3    Papp, K.4    Ticar, I.5
  • 73
    • 0036571818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-stationary thermal model of indoor transformer stations
    • Radakovic Z, Maksimovic S (2002) Non-stationary thermal model of indoor transformer stations. Electr Eng 84: 109-117.
    • (2002) Electr Eng , vol.84 , pp. 109-117
    • Radakovic, Z.1    Maksimovic, S.2
  • 74
    • 0025435057 scopus 로고
    • A Finite-Volume method for predicting a radiant heat transfer in enclosures with participating media
    • Raithby G, Chui E (1990) A Finite-Volume method for predicting a radiant heat transfer in enclosures with participating media. J Heat Transf 112: 415-423.
    • (1990) J Heat Transf , vol.112 , pp. 415-423
    • Raithby, G.1    Chui, E.2
  • 76
    • 0035388110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of losses in ferro- and ferrimagnetic materials based on the modified Steinmetz equation
    • Reinert J, Brockmeyer A, Doncker RD (2001) Calculation of losses in ferro- and ferrimagnetic materials based on the modified Steinmetz equation. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 37: 1055-1061.
    • (2001) IEEE Trans Ind Appl , vol.37 , pp. 1055-1061
    • Reinert, J.1    Brockmeyer, A.2    Doncker, R.D.3
  • 77
    • 0036814892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method for calculating winding temperature gradient in power transformers
    • Ryder S (2002) A simple method for calculating winding temperature gradient in power transformers. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 17: 977-982.
    • (2002) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.17 , pp. 977-982
    • Ryder, S.1
  • 78
    • 1942536090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple method for calculating core temperature rise in power transformers
    • Ryder S, Vaughan IJ (2004) A simple method for calculating core temperature rise in power transformers. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 19: 637-642.
    • (2004) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.19 , pp. 637-642
    • Ryder, S.1    Vaughan, I.J.2
  • 80
    • 2342446712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculations of losses in laminated ferromagnetic materials
    • Sebestyen I, Gyimothy S, Pavo J, Bíró O (2004) Calculations of losses in laminated ferromagnetic materials. IEEE Trans Magn 40: 924-927.
    • (2004) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.40 , pp. 924-927
    • Sebestyen, I.1    Gyimothy, S.2    Pavo, J.3    Bíró, O.4
  • 82
    • 0028992446 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of CFD for predicting pressure losses in HVAC duct fittings
    • Shao L, Riffat S (1995) Accuracy of CFD for predicting pressure losses in HVAC duct fittings. Appl Energy 51: 233-248.
    • (1995) Appl Energy , vol.51 , pp. 233-248
    • Shao, L.1    Riffat, S.2
  • 85
    • 2442645450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of free convection turbulent heat transfer in an enclosure
    • Sigey J, Gatheri F, Kinyanjui M (2004) Numerical study of free convection turbulent heat transfer in an enclosure. Energy Convers Manag 45: 2571-2582.
    • (2004) Energy Convers Manag , vol.45 , pp. 2571-2582
    • Sigey, J.1    Gatheri, F.2    Kinyanjui, M.3
  • 86
    • 0029305222 scopus 로고
    • A 3-d finite element computation of eddy currents and losses in laminated iron cores allowing for electric and magnetic anisotropy
    • Silva V, Meunier G, Foggia A (1995) A 3-d finite element computation of eddy currents and losses in laminated iron cores allowing for electric and magnetic anisotropy. IEEE Trans Magn 31: 2139-2141.
    • (1995) IEEE Trans Magn , vol.31 , pp. 2139-2141
    • Silva, V.1    Meunier, G.2    Foggia, A.3
  • 89
    • 47549085947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental validation of the coupled fluid flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic numerical model of the medium-power dry-type electrical transformer
    • Smolka J, Nowak A (2008) Experimental validation of the coupled fluid flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic numerical model of the medium-power dry-type electrical transformer. Int J Therm Sci 47: 1393-1410.
    • (2008) Int J Therm Sci , vol.47 , pp. 1393-1410
    • Smolka, J.1    Nowak, A.2
  • 90
    • 0346885919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical modeling of thermal processes in an electrical transformer dipped into polymerised resin by using commercial CFD package Fluent
    • Smolka J, Nowak A, Wrobel L (2004) Numerical modeling of thermal processes in an electrical transformer dipped into polymerised resin by using commercial CFD package Fluent. Comput Fluids 33: 859-868.
    • (2004) Comput Fluids , vol.33 , pp. 859-868
    • Smolka, J.1    Nowak, A.2    Wrobel, L.3
  • 91
    • 71349084354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical modeling of a multi-physical problem within an encapsulated three-phase transformer and its surrounding
    • Smolka J, Nowak A, Ingham D, Elliott L (2006) Numerical modeling of a multi-physical problem within an encapsulated three-phase transformer and its surrounding. TASK Q 10: 63-81.
    • (2006) TASK Q , vol.10 , pp. 63-81
    • Smolka, J.1    Nowak, A.2    Ingham, D.3    Elliott, L.4
  • 92
    • 33749256450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced numerical model of performance of an encapsulated three-phase transformer in laboratory environment
    • Smolka J, Ingham D, Elliott L, Nowak A (2007) Enhanced numerical model of performance of an encapsulated three-phase transformer in laboratory environment. Appl Therm Eng 27: 156-166.
    • (2007) Appl Therm Eng , vol.27 , pp. 156-166
    • Smolka, J.1    Ingham, D.2    Elliott, L.3    Nowak, A.4
  • 94
    • 0035066166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computationally efficient winding loss calculation with multiple windings, arbitrary waveforms, and two-dimensional or three-dimensional field geometry
    • Sullivan C (2001) Computationally efficient winding loss calculation with multiple windings, arbitrary waveforms, and two-dimensional or three-dimensional field geometry. IEEE Trans Power Electron 16: 142-150.
    • (2001) IEEE Trans Power Electron , vol.16 , pp. 142-150
    • Sullivan, C.1
  • 95
    • 0035304359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fundamental approach to transformer thermal modeling-part I: Theory and equivalent circuit
    • Swift G, Molinski T (2001) A fundamental approach to transformer thermal modeling-part I: theory and equivalent circuit. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 16: 171-175.
    • (2001) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.16 , pp. 171-175
    • Swift, G.1    Molinski, T.2
  • 96
    • 84916203912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal performance of power transformers: Thermal calculation tools focused on new operating requirements
    • Paris, France
    • Tanguy A, Patelli J, Devaux F, Taisne J, Ngnegueu T (2004) Thermal performance of power transformers: Thermal calculation tools focused on new operating requirements. Cigre 2004 Session, Paris, France.
    • (2004) Cigre 2004 Session
    • Tanguy, A.1    Patelli, J.2    Devaux, F.3    Taisne, J.4    Ngnegueu, T.5
  • 100
    • 0348129455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coolant flow distribution and pressure loss in ONAN transformer windings-part i: Theory and model development
    • Zhang J, Li X (2004) Coolant flow distribution and pressure loss in ONAN transformer windings-part i: theory and model development. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 19: 186-193.
    • (2004) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.19 , pp. 186-193
    • Zhang, J.1    Li, X.2
  • 101
    • 33745591630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil cooling for disk-type transformer windings-part 1: Theory and model development
    • Zhang J, Li X (2006) Oil cooling for disk-type transformer windings-part 1: theory and model development. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 21: 1318-1325.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans Power Deliv , vol.21 , pp. 1318-1325
    • Zhang, J.1    Li, X.2
  • 102
    • 34848893887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experiments and modeling of heat transfer in oil transformer winding with zigzag cooling ducts
    • Zhang J, Li X, Vance M (2008) Experiments and modeling of heat transfer in oil transformer winding with zigzag cooling ducts. Appl Therm Eng 28: 36-48.
    • (2008) Appl Therm Eng , vol.28 , pp. 36-48
    • Zhang, J.1    Li, X.2    Vance, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.