Cryogenic cooling system of HTS transformers by natural convection of subcooled liquid nitrogen

Cryogenics

Volumn 43, Issue 10-11, 2003, Pages 589-596

  Chang, Ho Myung ^a,c   Choi, Yeon Suk ^a   Van Sciver, Steven W ^a   Choi, Kyeong Dal ^b  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Korea Polytechnic University   (South Korea)

^c Hong Ik University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Cryostats (E); Heat transfer (C); Nitrogen (A); Transformers (E)

Indexed keywords

COOLING SYSTEMS; COPPER; CRYOGENICS; HEAT RADIATION; NATURAL CONVECTION; NITROGEN; NUMERICAL ANALYSIS; RELIABILITY; SHEET METAL;

HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT;

HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS;

EID: 0141525314     PISSN: 00112275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0011-2275(03)00168-1     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (18)

1. Wolsky AM. Cooling for future power sector equipment incorporating ceramic superconductors. Argonne National Laboratory Report, The IEA Implementing Agreement for a Co-Operative Programme for Assessing the Impacts of High-Temperature Superconductivity on the Electric Power Sector. Argonne National Laboratory Report, April 2002. Available from: http://www.iea.org/tech/scond/scond.htm.
2. Iwakuma M., Funaki K., Kajikawa K., Tanaka H., Bohno T., Tomioka A.et al. Ac loss properties of a 1 MVA single-phase HTS power transformer. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 11:2001;1482-1485.
3. Funaki K., Iwakuma M., Kajikawa K., Hara M., Suehiro J., Ito T.et al. Development of a 22 kV/6.9kV single-phase model for a 3 MVA HTS power transformer. IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond. 11:2001;1578-1581.
4. Schwenterly SW, Cole MJ, Hazelton DW, Pleva EF. Performance of a prototype HTS power transformer cooling module. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #2LM04.
5. Schlosser R, Schmidt HS, leghissa M, Meinert M. Development of high-temperature superconducting transformers for railway applications. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #2LM01.
6. c superconducting transformer. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #2LG01.
7. Bladwin TL, Ykema JI, Allen CL, Langston JL. Design optimization of high-temperature superconducting power transformers. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #2LM07.
8. Chang H.M., Choi Y.S., Van Sciver S.W. Optimization of operating temperature in cryocooled HTS magnets for compactness and efficiency. Cryogenics. 42:2002;787-794.
9. Chang HM, Choi YS, Van Sciver SW, Baldwin TL. Cryogenic cooling temperature of HTS transformers for compactness and efficiency. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #2LG04.
10. Incropera F.P., DeWitt D.P. Fundamentals of heat and mass transfer. 3rd ed. 1990;John Wiley & Sons, New York.
11. Barron R.F. Cryogenic heat transfer. 1999;Taylor & Francis, Philadelphia.
12. Ostrach S. Natural convection heat transfer in cavities and cells. Heat transfer - 1982. 1982;365-379 Hemisphere Publishing, Washington DC.
13. Ho C.J., Lin Y.H. Natural convection of cold water in a vertical annulus with constant heat flux on the inner wall. J. Heat Transfer. 112(2):1990;117-123.
14. Oomen M.P., Haken B., Leghissa M., Rieger J. Optimum working temperature of power devices based on Bi-2223 superconductors. Supercond. Sci. Technol. 13:2000;L19-L24.
15. Manusson N., Wolfbrandt A. AC losses in high-temperature superconducting tapes exposed to longitudinal magnetic fields. Cryogenics. 41(10):2001;721-724.
16. Fukuda Y, Toyota K, Kajikawa K, Iwakuma M, Funaki K. Field angle dependence of AC losses in stacked Bi-2223 Ag-sheathed tapes. In: Applied Superconductivity Conference, August 2002, Paper #4MC03.
17. Chang H.M., Kwon K.B. Magnet/cryocooler integration for thermal stability in conduction-cooled systems. Adv. Cryogenic Eng. 47:2002;489-496.
18. Arpaci V.S. Conduction heat transfer. 1966;Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.