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Volumn 51, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 248-251

Copper(0) in the Ullmann heterocycle-aryl ether synthesis of 4-phenoxypyridine using multimode microwave heating

Author keywords

Catalysis; Copper nanoparticles; Microreactors; Microwave heating; Ullmann synthesis

Indexed keywords

COPPER; ETHER; HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND; NANOPARTICLE; PHENOL; PYRIDINE DERIVATIVE; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

EID: 71049119859     PISSN: 00404039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.126     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (42)
  • 33
    • 71049157906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Cu wire was fabricated mechanically by specialized equipment providing an accuracy of 3%. Uniform size distribution according to the suppliers' specifications was subsequently confirmed by optical microscopy.
  • 34
    • 71049145610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 1H NMR data were compared with those in the literature and additional qualitative GC-MS measurements (Shimadzu QP 5000, zebron column ZB35).
  • 35
    • 71049194708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • C = 1.2 mm, electron energy spread = 1.5 eV and beam divergence semi-angle = 1 mrad. The mean particle size was calculated to be 9.6 ± 1.0 nm by counting the diameters of 100 particles in the lower magnification images. Data processing/calculation of standard deviation used Origin Pro. 8.0. Elemental composition was elucidated by energy dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy (EDS, nominal beam width = 4 nm) using a PGT prism Si/Li detector and an Avalon 2000 analytical system. PXRD data were collected on a Roentgen PW3040/60 XPert PRO powder X-ray diffractometer with a high resolution PW3373/00 Cu LFF (unmonochromated) tube at λ = 1.5404 Å (Cu Kα). The powder sample was prepared by solvent evaporation from the colloidal suspensions deposited on the 0.5 mm deep ground area of a glass flatplate sample holder using a microscope slide so that the powder sample was smooth, flat and flush with the sample holder surface. The sample holder was inserted onto the sample stage (PW3071/60 Bracket) such that the sample material was just free of the reference plane of the sample stage.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.