An active concept for limiting injuries caused by air blasts

International Journal of Impact Engineering

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 317-323

  Wadley, H N G ^a   Dharmasena, K P ^a   He, M Y ^b   McMeeking, R M ^b   Evans, A G ^b   Bui Thanh, T ^c   Radovitzky, R ^c  

^a University of Virginia   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge   (United States)

Author keywords

Active mitigation; Air blasts; Cellular materials; Deployable structures; Reactive armor

Indexed keywords

AIR BLAST; AIR SHOWS; CELLULAR MATERIAL; CELLULAR MATERIALS; CONSTANT STRESS; CRUSH STRENGTHS; DAMAGE THRESHOLD; DENSIFICATION STRAIN; DEPLOYABLE STRUCTURE; FULLY-COUPLED; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; OVER-PRESSURES; PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES; RELATIVE DENSITY;

AIR; ARMOR; COMPUTER SIMULATION; FLUID STRUCTURE INTERACTION; MILITARY EQUIPMENT;

MATERIALS;

EID: 70649099952     PISSN: 0734743X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.06.006     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Baker W.E. Explosions in air (1973), University of Texas Press, Austin, TX
2. Smith P.D., and Hetherington J.G. Blast and ballistic loading of structures (1994), Butterworth-Heinemann
3. Swisdak Jr. M.M. Explosion effects and properties: part i - explosion effects in air (1975), NSWC/WOL/TR 75-116 White Oak, Silver Spring, MD
4. Fundamentals of protective design for conventional weapons, TM 5-855-1 (1986), Department of the Army, Washington, DC
5. Dharmasena K.P., Wadley H.N.G., Xue Z., and Hutchinson J.W. Mechanical response of metallic honeycomb sandwich panel structures to high intensity dynamic loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering 35 (2008) 1063-1074
6. ConWep Blast simulation Software. U.S. Army Corps Engineers, Vicksburg, MS.
7. Wightman J.M., and Gladish S.L. Explosions and blast injuries. Annals of Emergency Medicine 37 6 (2001) 664-678
8. Horrocks C., and Brett S. Blast injury. Current Anesthesia and Critical Care 11 (2000) 113-119
9. Roberts P. Patterns of injury in military operations. Current Anesthesia and Critical Care 13 (2003) 243-248
10. Cooper G.J., Maynard R.L., Cross N.L., and Hill J.F. Casualties from terrorist bombings. The Journal of Trauma 23 (1983) 955-967
11. Taber K.H., Warden D.L., and Hurley R.A. Blast-related traumatic brain injury: what is known?. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 18 2 (2006) 141-145
12. Cooper G.J. Protection of the lung from blast overpressure by thoracic stress wave decouplers. The Journal of Trauma 40 (1996) S105-S110
13. Stuhmiller J.H. Biological response to blast overpressure: a summary of modeling. Toxicology 121 (1997) 91-103
14. Stuhmiller J.H., Ho K.H.H., Vander Vorst M.J., Dodd K.T., Fitzpatrick T., and Mayorga M. A model of blast overpressure injury to the lung. Journal of Biomechanics 29 (1996) 227-234
15. Bowen I.G., Fletcher E.R., Richmond D.R., Hirsch F.G., and White C.S. Biophysical mechanisms and scaling procedures applicable in assessing responses of the thorax energized by air-blast overpressure or by nonpenetrating missiles. Annals of New York Academy of Sciences 152 (1968) 122-146
16. Elsayed N. Toxicology of blast overpressure. Toxicology 121 (1997) 1-15
17. Bass CR. private communication; 2006.
18. Langdon G.S., Nurick G.N., Balden V.H., and Timmis R.B. Perforated plates as passive mitigation systems. Defence Science Journal 58 2 (2008) 238-247
19. Ashby M.F., Evans A.G., Fleck N.A., Gibson L.J., Hutchinson J.W., and Wadley H.N.G. Metal foams: a design guide (2000), Butterworth-Heinemann, London
20. Gibson L.J., and Ashby M.F. Cellular solids: structure and properties. 2nd ed. (1997), Cambridge University Press
21. Leishman J.G. Principles of helicopter aerodynamics (2006), Cambridge University Press
22. Kim D.H., Park J.W., Lee G.S., and Lee K.I. Active impact control system design with a hydraulic damper. Journal of Sound and Vibration 250 3 (2002) 485-501
23. Gavrila D.M. Sensor-based pedestrian protection. IEEE Intelligent Systems 16 6 (2001) 77-81
24. Tilp J, et al. Pedestrian protection based on combined sensor systems. In: Tenth international technical conference on the enhanced safety of vehicles, Washington, DC; 2005.
25. Kambouchev N., Noels L., and Radovitzky R. Fluid-structure interaction effects in the loading of free-standing plates by uniform shocks. Journal of Applied Mechanics 74 (2007)
26. Kambouchev N., Noels L., and Radovitzky R. Compressibility effects on fluid-structure interaction and their implications of the air blast loading of structures. Journal of Applied Physics 100 (2006)
27. Vaziri A., and Hutchinson J.W. Metal sandwich plates subject to intense air shocks. International Journal of Solids & Structures 44 (2007) 2021-2035
28. Kambouchev N., Noels L., and Radovitzky R. Numerical simulation of the fluid-structure interaction between air blast waves and free-standing plates. Computers and Structures 85 (June 2007) 923-931
29. Noels L, Dharmasena K, Wadley H, Radovitzky R. Air shock loading of metallic plates: experiments and coupled simulations. International Journal of Impact Engineering, submitted for publication.
30. Avasarala SR, Bui-Tanh T, Wadley H, Radovitzky R. Blast mitigation using air-depleted sandwich panels, in preparation.
31. Bitzer T. Honeycomb technology (1997), Chapman and Hall
32. Wadley H.N.G., Dharmasena K.P., Chen Y., Dudt P., Knight D., and Kiddy K. Compressive response of multilayered pyramidal lattices during underwater shock loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering 35 (2008) 1102-1114
33. Dharmasena K.P., Queheillalt D.T., Wadley H.N.G., Dudt P., Chen Y., Knight D., et al. Dynamic compression of metallic sandwich structures during planar impulsive loading in water. European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids 29 (2010) 56-67
34. Anderson W.H., and Long C.L. Electromagnetic radiation from detonating solid explosives. Journal of Applied Physics 36 4 (1965) 1494-1495
35. van Lint V.A.J. Electromagnetic emission from chemical explosions. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science NS-29 6 (1982)
36. Fine JE, Vinci SJ. Causes of electromagnetic radiation from detonation of conventional explosives: a literature survey. Army Research Laboratory Report, ARL-TR-1690; 1998. p. 19-23.
37. Orson J.A., Bagby W.F., and Perram G.P. Infrared signatures from bomb detonations. Infrared Physics & Technology 44 (2003) 101-107
38. Colella P., and Woodward P.R. The piecewise parabolic method (PPM) for gas dynamical simulations. Journal of Computational Physics 54 (1984) 174-201
39. Stone J. The CMHOG code. Available from: .
40. Okhotsimskii D.E., Kondrasheva I.A., Vlasova Z.P., and Kozakova R.K. Calculation of a point explosion taking into account counter pressure. Tr Mat Inst Steklova 50 (1957) 1-65
41. Felippa C.A., Park K.C., and Farhat C. Partitioned analysis of coupled mechanical systems. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 190 (2001) 3247-3270