Enhanced surface cooling as an alternative for thermal discharges

Journal of Environmental Engineering

Volumn 135, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 1326-1337

  Macdonald, Daniel G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS DARTMOUTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Cooling; Environmental issues; Industrial wastes; Massachusetts; Plumes; Rhode Island; Thermal factors

Indexed keywords

A-THERMAL; ALTERNATIVE APPROACH; AMBIENT WATERS; BENTHIC ENVIRONMENT; COOLING WATER DISCHARGES; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; ELECTRICITY GENERATION; ENHANCED SURFACE; ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES; MASSACHUSETTS; RECEIVING WATERS; REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; RHODE ISLAND; RIVER ENVIRONMENT; THERMAL DISCHARGE; THERMAL FACTORS; THIN SURFACES;

COOLING; COOLING TOWERS; COOLING WATER; ELECTRIC GENERATORS; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; INDUSTRIAL WASTES; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; NUCLEAR FUELS; RESERVOIRS (WATER); SURFACE DISCHARGES;

WATER COOLING TOWERS;

BENTHOS; COOLING; DISCHARGE; ELECTRICITY GENERATION; ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE; FLUSHING; FOSSIL FUEL; HEAT TRANSFER; INDUSTRIAL WASTE;

EID: 70450211668     PISSN: 07339372     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000090     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Adams, E. (1982). " Dilution analysis for unidirectional diffusers.." J. Hydr. Div. 0044-796X, 108 (3), 327-342.
2. Armi, L. (1986). " The hydraulics of two flowing layers with different densities.." J. Fluid Mech. 0022-1120, 163, 27-58. 10.1017/S0022112086002197
3. Armi, L., and Farmer, D. M. (1986). " Maximal two-layer exchange through a contraction with barotropic net flow.." J. Fluid Mech. 0022-1120, 164, 27-51. 10.1017/S0022112086002458
4. Atkinson, J. F. (1993). " Detachment of buoyant surface jets discharged on slope.." J. Hydraul. Eng. 0733-9429, 119 (8), 878-894. 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1993)119:8(878)
5. Beardsley, R. C., Dever, E. P., Lentz, S. J., and Dean, J. P. (1998). " Surface heat flux variability over the northern California shelf.." J. Geophys. Res. 0148-0227, 103, 21553-21586. 10.1029/98JC01458
6. Beitinger, T. L., and Bennett, W. A. (2000). " Quantification of the role of acclimation temperature in temperature tolerance of fishes.." Environ. Biol. Fishes, 58, 277-288. 10.1023/A:1007618927527 0378-1909 (Pubitemid 30448324)
7. Bradley, E. F., Godfrey, J. S., Coppin, P. A., and Butt, J. A. (1993). " Observations of net heat flux into the surface mixed layer of the western equatorial Pacific Ocean.." J. Geophys. Res. 0148-0227, 98, 22521-22532. 10.1029/93JC01855
8. Brooks, N. H. (1969). " Discussion: Mechanics of condenser-water discharge from thermal-power plants.." Engineering aspects of thermal pollution, F. L. Parker and P. A. Krenkel, eds., Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, 165-172.
9. Brutsaert, W. (1982). Evaporation into the atmosphere, Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
10. Buckley, L. J., Smigielski, A. S., Halavik, T. A., and Laurence, G. C. (1990). " Effects of water temperature on size and biochemical composition of winter flounder psuedopleuronectes americanus at hatching and feeding inititiation.." Fish. Bull. 0090-0656, 88 (3), 419-428.
11. Chen, F., and MacDonald, D. G. (2006). " Role of mixing in the structure and evolution of a buoyant discharge plume.." J. Geophys. Res. 0148-0227, 111, 13. 10.1029/2006JC003563 (Pubitemid 47386247)
12. Coutant, C. C. (1972). " Biological aspects of thermal pollution Vol I: Entrainment and discharge canal effects.." Crit. Rev. Environ. Control, 3, 341-381. 10.1080/10643387209381593 1040-838X
13. DeAlteris, J. T., Englert, T. L., and Burnett, J. A. D. (2006). " Trends in fish abundance in Mount Hope Bay: Is the Brayton Point Power Station affecting fish stocks? " Northeastern Naturalist, 13 (4), 95-116. 10.1656/1092-6194(2006)13[95:TIFAIM]2.0.CO;2 1040-838X
14. Doneker, R. L., and Jirka, G. H. (1991). " Expert systems for design and mixing zone analysis of aqueous pollutant discharges.." J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage. 0733-9496, 117 (6), 679-697. 10.1061/(ASCE)0733- 9496(1991)117:6(679)
15. Fan, Y., and Brown, W. S. (2006). " On the heat budget for Mount Hope Bay.." Northeastern Naturalist, 13 (4), 47-70. 10.1656/1092-6194(2006) 13[47:OTHBFM]2.0.CO;2 0733-9496
16. Farmer, D. M., and Armi, L. (1986). " Maximal two-layer exchange over a sill and through the combination of a sill and contraction with barotropic flow.." J. Fluid Mech. 0022-1120, 164, 53-76. 10.1017/S002211208600246X
17. Fischer, H. B., List, E. J., Koh, R. C. Y., Imberger, J., and Brooks, N. H. (1979). Mixing in inland and coastal waters, Academic, San Diego.
18. Gill, A. E. (1982). Atmosphere-Ocean dynamics, Academic, San Diego.
19. Harleman, D. R. F. (1969). " Mechanics of condenser-water discharge from thermal-power plants.." Engineering aspects of thermal pollution, F. L. Parker and P. A. Krenkel, eds., Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville, 144-164.
20. Hicks, B. B. (1972). " Some evaluations of drag and bulk transfer coefficients over water bodies of different sizes.." Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 0006-8314, 3, 201-213. 10.1007/BF02033919
21. Hicks, B. B. (1975). " A procedure for the formulation of bulk transfer coefficients over water.." Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 0006-8314, 8 (3-4), 515-524. 10.1007/BF02153568
22. Hicks, S. D. (1959). " The physical oceanography of Narragansett Bay.." Limnol. Oceanogr. 0024-3590, 4, 316-327.
23. Howard, L. N. (1961). " Note on a paper by J. W. Miles.." J. Hydr. Div. 0044-796X, 10, 509-512. 10.1017/S0022112061000317
24. Jirka, G. H., Adams, E. E., and Stolzenbach, K. D. (1981). " Buoyant surface jets.." J. Hydr. Div. 0044-796X, 107 (11), 1467-1487.
25. Keim, B., and Rock, B. (2001). " The New England region's changing climate.." Preparing for a changing climate: The potential consequences of climate variability and change, New England Regional Assessment Group, 〈 http://www.necci.sr.unh.edu/reports.html 〉, Univ. of New Hampshire, Durham, 8-17.
26. Krenkel, P. A., and, Parker, F. L., (1969). Biological aspects of thermal pollution, Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville.
27. MacDonald, D. G. (2006). " Estimating an estuarine mixing and exchange ratio from boundary data with application to Mt. Hope Bay (Massachusetts/Rhode Island).." Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 0272-7714, 70, 326-332. 10.1016/j.ecss.2006.06.025 (Pubitemid 44436682)
28. MacDonald, D. G., and Geyer, W. R. (2004). " Turbulent energy production and entrainment at a highly stratified estuarine front.." J. Geophys. Res. 0148-0227, 109, C05004. 10.1029/2003JC002094 (Pubitemid 39017025)
29. MacDonald, D. G., and Geyer, W. R. (2005). " Hydraulic control of a highly stratified Estuarine front.." J. Phys. Oceanogr. 1520-0485, 35 (3), 374-387. 10.1175/JPO-2692.1 (Pubitemid 40579106)
30. MacDonald, D. G., and, Rountree, R. A., (2006). " Natural and anthropogenic influences on the Mt. Hope Bay ecosystem.." Northeast Naturalist, 13 (4). 0022-3670
31. Miles, J. W. (1961). " On the stability of heterogeneous shear flow.." J. Fluid Mech. 0022-1120, 10, 496-508. 10.1017/S0022112061000305
32. Miller, R. L., and McPherson, B. F. (1991). " Estimating estuarine flushing and residence times in Charlotte Harbor, Florida, via salt balance and a box model.." Limnol. Oceanogr. 0024-3590, 36, 602-612.
33. Mustard, J. F., Carney, M. A., and Sen, A. (1999). " The use of satellite data to quantify thermal effluent impacts.." Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci. 0272-7714, 49, 509-524. 10.1006/ecss.1999.0517
34. Parker, F. L., and, Krenkel, P. A., (1969). Engineering aspects of thermal pollution, Vanderbilt University Press, Nashville.
35. Ries, K. G. (1990). " Estimating surface-water runoff to Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island and Massachusetts.." Rep. No. 89-4164, U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources, Providence, R.I.
36. Sheldon, J. E., and Alber, M. (2002). " A comparison of residence time calculations using simple compartment models of the Altamaha River Estuary, Georgia.." Estuaries 0160-8347, 25, 1304-1317. 10.1007/BF02692226
37. Swanson, J. C., Rines, H., Mendelsohn, D., Isaji, T., and Ward, M. (1999). " Mt. Hope Bay Winter 1999 field data and model.." Rep. Prepared by Applied Science Associates for PG&E Generating, Narragansett, R.I.
38. Tennekes, H., and Lumley, J. L. (1972). A first course in turbulence, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
39. Tsukamoto, O., Ohtaki, E., Iwatani, Y., and Mitsuta, Y. (1991). " Stability dependence of the drag and bulk transfer coefficients over a coastal sea surface.." Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 0006-8314, 57 (4), 359-375. 10.1007/BF00120054
40. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2005). " Preliminary engineering report: Steam electric detailed study.." Rep. No. 821-B-05-005, Office of Water, Engineering and Analysis Division, Washington, D.C.
41. Walker, H. (2001). " Climate variability and winter flounder abundance in southern New England.." Preparing for a changing climate: The New England regional assessment overview, University of New Hampshire, 66-67.
42. Wilde, E. W., Benemann, F. R., Weissman, J. C., and Tillett, D. M. (1991). " Cultivation of algae and nutrient removal in a waste heat utilization process.." J. Appl. Phycol., 3, 159-167. 10.1007/BF00003698
43. Wright, L. D., and Coleman, J. M. (1971). " Effluent expansion and interfacial mixing in the presence of a Salt Wedge, Mississippi River Delta.." J. Geophys. Res. 0148-0227, 76 (36), 8649-8661. 10.1029/JC076i036p08649