Using social power to balance soft power: Venezuela'S foreign policy

Washington Quarterly

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 97-114

  Corrales, Javier ^a  

^a AMHERST COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70450175786     PISSN: 0163660X     EISSN: 15309177     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01636600903232285     Document Type: Article

References (54)

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18. This includes petrostates for which there is data: Algeria, Angola, Republic of Congo (Brazzaville), Egypt, Gabon, Iran, Libya, Nigeria, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Kuwait was excluded from this list because with 47 percent of outward foreign direct investment it is a prominent outlier. See UNCTAD World Investment Report 2007.
19. UNCTAD World Investment Report 2007; Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Foreign Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean 2007 (Santiago, Chile: ECLAC, 2008), http://www.eclac.org/publicaciones/ xml/1/32931/lcg2360i.pdf.
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31. las puertas a los organismos de financiamiento internacional para Abrazar los proyectos chavistas y embarcar al país en una dependencia financiera de largo plazo,'' El Heraldo, August 3, 2009.
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41. Because supertankers are not capable of passing through the Panama Canal, oil shipments from Venezuela to China would need to go first south to the Strait of Magellan and then northwest across the Pacific or else entirely east through Cape Horn and then the Strait of Malacca. Either route would be one of the lengthiest in the world.
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44. Elodie Brun, La Place de l'Iran dans la politique étrangère du Venezuela (paper, Washington, D.C., July 10, 2008) (presented at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars conference ";'Iran in Latin America: Threat or Axis of Annoyance''), http://www.wilsoncenter.org/events/docs/Brun1.pdf
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46. Burton ";'Venezuela: Documenting the Threat
47. Veneconomía Opina, ''¡Ni espejo de China es!,'' Veneconomi{dotless} ́a, October 18, 2008.
48. Most Latin Americans doubt the leadership of Chávez. See ''Global Unease With Major World Powers; Rising Environmental Concern in 47-Nation Survey,'' Pew Global Attitudes Project (Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center, June 27, 2007), http://pewglobal.org/reports/display.php?ReportID 256 (hereinafter Pew Global Attitudes Project 2007).
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50. Pew Global Attitudes Project 2007.
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53. María Teresa Romero, ''Expansio ́nsinplata,'' ElUniversal, January 7, 2009.
54. John Kiriakou, ""Iran's Latin America Push,'' Los Angeles Times, 2008, http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-oe-kiriakou8-2008nov08,0,878526.story.