BCS theory of superconductivity: It is time to question its validity

Physica Scripta

Volumn 80, Issue 3, 2009, Pages

  Hirsch, J E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BARDEEN-COOPER-SCHRIEFFER THEORY; BCS THEORY; FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES; MEISSNER EFFECT; NEW HIGH; PHYSICAL MECHANISM; SUPERCONDUCTING COMPOUNDS;

HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS;

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;

EID: 70450171862     PISSN: 00318949     EISSN: 14024896     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0031-8949/80/03/035702     Document Type: Article

References (154)

1. Kuhn T S 1996 The Structure of Scientific Revolutions 3rd edn (Chicago: Chicago University Press)
2. Bardeen J, Cooper L N and Schrieffer J R 1957 Theory of superconductivity Phys. Rev. 108 1175-204
3. Migdal A B 1958 Interaction between electrons and lattice vibrations in a normal metal Sov. Phys. JETP 7 996-1001
4. Eliashberg G M 1960 Interactions between electrons and lattice vibrations in a superconductor Sov. Phys. JETP 11 696-702
5. c Solid State Phys. 37 1-92
6. Carbotte J C 1990 Properties of boson-exchange superconductors Rev. Mod. Phys. 62 1027-157
7. Hirsch J E 2009 BCS theory of superconductivity: the world's largest Madoff scheme? arXiv: 0901.4099v1 [physics.gen-ph]
8. Lightman A and Gingerich O 1992 When do anomalies begin? Science 255 690-5
9. London F 1950 Superfluids volume I. Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity (New York: Dover) pp 1-173
10. Hirsch J E 2006 The fundamental role of charge asymmetry in superconductivity J. Phys. Chem. Solids 67 21-6
11. Shermer M 2002 Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time (New York: Henry Holt) pp 1-349
12. Hebel L C and Slichter C P 1957 Nuclear relaxation in superconducting aluminum Phys. Rev. 107 901-2
13. Josephson B D 1962 Possible new effects in superconductive tunnelling Phys. Lett. 1 251-3
14. Parks R D (ed) 1969 Superconductivity vol I and II (New York: Dekker)
15. Bardeen J 1956 Theory of Superconductivity. Theoretical Part. Handbuch der Physik vol 15 (Berlin: Springer) pp 274-369
16. Plumb R K 1957 Theory of metals in cold evolved New York Times, 28 December
17. Schafroth M R 1958 Remarks on the Meissner effect Phys. Rev. 111 72-4
18. Rickayzen G 1959 Collective excitations in the theory of superconductivity Phys. Rev. 115 795-808
19. Kondo J 1963 Superconductivity in transition metals Prog. Theor. Phys. 29 1-9
20. Suhl H, Matthias B T and Walker L R 1959 Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory of superconductivity in the case of overlapping bands Phys. Rev. Lett. 3 552-4
21. Kuper C G, Jensen M A and Hamilton D C 1964 Simple model for the superconductivity of lanthanum and uranium Phys. Rev. 134 A15-21
22. c ′ s-The high and low of itScience and Technology of Superconductivity Volume 1 ed W D Gregory, W N Mathews and E A Edelsack (New York: Plenum) pp 263-88
23. Scalapino D J, Schrieffer J R and Wilkins J W 1966 Strong-coupling superconductivity I. Phys. Rev. 148 263-79
24. Scalapino D J 1969 The electron-phonon interaction and strong-coupling superconductors Superconductivity ed R D Parks (New York: Dekker) pp 449-560
25. McMillan W L and Rowell J M 1969 Tunneling and strong-coupling superconductivity Superconductivity vol I ed R D Parks (New York: Dekker) pp 561-613
26. Haller E E 2005 Isotopically controlled semiconductors Solid State Commun. 133 693-707
27. c A15 compounds Physica B+C 126 217-28
28. 2 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 4656-9
29. Ashcroft N W 1968 Metallic hydrogen: a high-temperature superconductor? Phys. Rev. Lett. 21 1748-9
30. Testardi L R 1972 Structural instability, anharmonicity, and high-temperature superconductivity in A-15-structure compounds Phys. Rev. B 5 4342-9
31. De Launay J and Dolecek R L 1947 Superconductivity and the Debye characteristic temperature Phys. Rev. 72 141-3
32. McMillan W L 1968 Transition temperature of strong-coupled superconductors Phys. Rev. 167 331-44
33. Carbotte J P and Dynes R C 1968 Superconductivity in simple metals Phys. Rev. 172 476-84
34. Allen P B and Dynes R C 1975 Transition temperature of strong-coupled superconductors reanalyzed Phys. Rev. B 12 905-22
35. Papaconstantopoulos D A et al 1977 Calculations of the superconducting properties of 32 metals with Z≤49 Phys.Rev. B 15 4221-6
36. Sanborn B A, Allen P B and Papaconstantopoulos D A 1989 Empirical electron-phonon coupling constants and anisotropic electrical resistivity in hcp metals Phys. Rev. B 40 6037-44
37. Allen P B and Cohen M L 1969 Pseudopotential calculation of the mass enhancement and superconducting transition temperature of simple metals Phys. Rev. 187 525-38
38. Papaconstantopoulos D A and Klein B M 1975 Superconductivity in the palladium-hydrogen system Phys. Rev. Lett. 35 110-3
39. Geballe T H, Matthias B T, Hull G W Jr and Corenzwit E 1961 Absence of an isotope effect in superconducting ruthenium Phys. Rev. Lett. 6 275-7
40. Geballe T H and Matthias B T 1962 Isotope effects in low temperature superconductors IBM J. Res. Dev. 6 256-7
41. Fowler R D, Lindsay J D G, White R W, Hill H H and Matthias B T 1967 Positive isotope effect on the superconducting transition temperature of α-uranium Phys. Rev. Lett. 19 892-5
42. Garland J W 1963 Mechanisms for superconductivity in the transition metals Phys. Rev. Lett. 11 111-4
43. Capellmann H and Schrieffer J R 1968 Isotope effect of superconducting α-uranium Phys. Rev. Lett. 21 1060-1
44. Bostock J et al 1976 Does strong-coupling theory describe superconducting Nb? Phys. Rev. Lett. 36 603-6
45. Bostock J and Macvicar M L A 1979 Comment on the state-of-the-art of tunneling into superconducting niobium Phys. Lett. A 71 373-6
46. Arnold G B, Zasadzinski J and Wolf E l 1978 A resolution of the controversy on tunneling in Nb Phys. Lett. A 69 136-8
47. Gladstone G, Jensen M A and Schrieffer J R 1969 Superconductivity in the transition metals: theory and experiment Superconductivity vol II ed R D Parks (New York: Dekker) pp 665-816
48. Capelmann 1970 Incipient antiferromagnetism in scandium J. Low Temp. Phys. 3 189-96
49. Berk N F and Schrieffer J R 1966 Effect of ferromagnetic spin correlations on superconductivity Phys. Rev. Lett. 17 433-5
50. Fay D and Appel J 1977 Possibility of triplet pairing in palladium Phys. Rev. B 16 2325-8
51. Stritzker B 1979 Superconductivity in irradiated palladium Phys. Rev. Lett. 42 1769-73
52. Gilman J J 1971 Lithium dihydrogen fluoride-an approach to metallic hydrogen Phys. Rev. Lett. 26 546-8
53. Satterthwaite C B and Toepke I L 1970 Superconductivity of hydrides and deuterides of thorium Phys. Rev. Lett. 25 741-3
54. Koskiewicz T 1973 Superconductivity in the palladium-hydrogen system Phys. Status. Solidi. b 59 329-34
55. Stritzker B and Buckel W 1972 Superconductivity in the palladium-hydrogen and the palladium-deuterium systems Z. Phys. 257 1-8
56. Ganguly B N 1973 High frequency local modes, superconductivity and anomalous isotope effect in PdH(D) systems Z. Phys. 265 433-9
57. x Phys. Rev. B 17 141-50
58. Ashcroft N W 2004 Hydrogen dominant metallic alloys: high temperature superconductors? Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 187002
59. Liu A Y and Cohen M L 1991 Electron-phonon coupling in bcc and 9R lithium Phys. Rev. B 44 9678-84
60. Tuoriniemi J et al 2007 Superconductivity in lithium below 0.4 millikelvin at ambient pressure Nature 447 187-9
61. Little W A 1964 Possibility of synthesizing an organic superconductor Phys. Rev. 134 A1416-24
62. Allen P B and Cohen M L 1972 Superconductivity and phonon softening Phys. Rev. Lett. 20 1593-6
63. Testardi L R 1975 Structural instability and superconductivity in A-15 compounds Rev. Mod. Phys. 47 637-48
64. Cohen M L and Anderson P W 1972 Comments on the maximum superconducting transition temperature superconductivity in d- and f-band metals ed D H Douglass (New York: AIP) pp 17-27
65. Wu M K et al 1987 Superconductivity at 93 K in a new mixed-phase Y-Ba-Cu-O compound system at ambient pressure Phys. Rev. Lett. 58 908-10
66. Lemonick M D 1987 Superconductors! Time Magazine 11May issue
67. 3 Phys. Rev. Lett. 12 474-5
68. 3 Phys. Rev. 163 380-90
69. Nagamatsu J, Nakagawa N, Muranaka T, Zenitani Y and Akimitsu J 2001 Superconductivity at 39 K in magnesium diboride Nature 410 63-4
70. 2 within the anisotropic Eliashberg formalism Phys. Rev. B 66 020513
71. 2 Phys. Rev. B 64 020501
72. 2: covalent bonds driven metallic Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 4366-9
73. 2 Physica C 385 49-65
74. c superconductivity in hole-doped LiBC Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 127001
75. An J M, Savrasov S Y, Rosner H and Pickett W E 2002 Extreme electron-phonon coupling in boron-based layered superconductors Phys. Rev. B 66 220502
76. c=65 K Phys. Rev. B 68 020504
77. Ribeiro F j and Cohen M L 2004 Possible superconductivity in hole-doped BC Phys. Rev. B 69 212507
78. c for superconductivity in heavily boron-doped diamond Phys. Rev. B 77 064518
79. 1xBC J. Appl. Phys. 93 8653-5
80. 2(0001) surface Surf. Sci. 600 3518-21
81. Wittig J, Probst J, Schmidt F A and Gschneidner K A Jr 1979 Superconductivity in a new high-pressure phase of scandium Phys. Rev. Lett. 42 469-72
82. Hamlin J J and Schilling J S 2007 Pressure-induced superconductivity in Sc to 74 GPa Phys. Rev. B 76 012505
83. Nixon L W, Papaconstantopoulos D A and Mehl M J 2007 Calculations of the superconducting properties of scandium under high pressure Phys. Rev. B 76 134512
84. c in the trivalent d-electron superconductors Sc, Y, La and Lu up to megabar pressures Phys. Rev. B 78 064519
85. Shimizu K, Amaya A and Suzuki N 2005 Pressure-induced superconductivity in elemental materials J. Phys. Soc. Japan 74 1345-57
86. Papaconstantopoulos D A and Mehl M J 2002 First-principles study of superconductivity in high-pressure boron Phys. Rev. B 65 172510
87. Christensen N E and Novikov D L 2006 Calculated superconductive properties of Li and Na under pressure Phys. Rev. B 73 224508
88. Shi L and Papaconstantopoulos D A 2006 Theoretical predictions of superconductivity in alkali metals under high pressure Phys. Rev. B 73 184516
89. Kasinathan D et al 2006 Superconductivity and lattice instability in compressed lithium from Fermi surface hot spots Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 047004
90. Profeta G et al 2006 Superconductivity in lithium, potassium, and aluminum under extreme pressure: a first-principles study Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 047003
91. Lei S, Papaconstantopoulos D A and Mehl M J 2007 Calculations of superconducting properties in yttrium and calcium under high pressure Phys. Rev. B 75 024512
92. Yin Z P, Savrasov S Y and Pickett W E 2006 Linear response study of strong electron-phonon coupling in yttrium under pressure Phys. Rev. B 74 094519
93. Singh P P 2007 Electronic structure and electron-phonon interaction in hexagonal yttrium by density functional calculations Phys. Rev. B 75 125101
94. Alexandrov A S 2003 Theory of Superconductivity. From weak to Strong Coupling (Bristol: Institute of Physics Publishing)
95. Marsiglio F 1995 Pairing in the Holstein model in the dilute limit Physica C 244 21-34
96. Kikoin K and Lasarew B 1932 Hall effect and superconductivity Nature 129 57-8
97. Kikoin K and Lasarew B 1933 Phys. Z. Sowjetunion 3 351
98. Papapetrou A 1934 Bemerkungen zur Supraleitung Z. Phys. 92 513-22
99. c and the Hall coefficient Phys. Lett. A 72 255-6
100. 4δ Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 1291-4
101. 4+δ films: evidence for two types of charge carriers Phys. Rev. B 56 14149-56
102. Hirsch J E 1997 Correlations between normal-state properties and superconductivity Phys. Rev. B 55 9007-24
103. Tao R, Zhang X, Tang X and Anderson P W 1999 Formation of high temperature superconducting balls Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 5575-8
104. Tao R, Xu X, Lan Y C and Shiroyanagi Y 2002 Electric-field induced low temperature superconducting granular balls Physica C 377 357-61
105. 2 superconducting particles in a strong electric field Physica C 398 78-84
106. Bardeen J and Schrieffer J R 1961 Recent developments in superconductivity Prog. Low Temp. Phys. 3 170-287
107. Koyama T 2004 Comment on charge expulsion and electric field in superconductors Phys. Rev. B 70 226503
108. Moro R, Xu X, Yin S and de Heer W A 2003 Ferroelectricity in free niobium clusters Science 300 1265-9
109. Xu X et al 2007 Nonclassical dipoles in cold niobium clusters Phys. Rev. B 75 085429
110. Yin S, Xu S, Liang A, Bowlan J, Moro R and de Heer W A 2008 Electron pairing in ferroelectric niobium and niobium alloy clusters J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 21 265-9
111. Becker R, Sauter F and Heller C 1933 Ueber die Stromverteilung in einer supraleitenden Kugel Z. Phys. 85 772-87
112. London F and London H 1935 Supraleitung und diamagnetismus Physica 2 341-54
113. Hildebrandt A F 1964 Magnetic field of a rotating superconductor Phys. Rev. Lett. 8 190-1
114. Hildebrand A F and Saffren M M 1965 Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Low Temperature Physics ed J G Daunt et al (New York: Plenum) p 459
115. Bol M and Fairbank W M 1965 Measurement of the London moment Proc. 9th Int. Conf. Low Temperature Physics ed J G Daunt et al (New York: Plenum) pp 471-2
116. Sanzari M A and Cui H L 1996 London moment for heavy-fermion superconductors Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 3802-4
117. Verheijen A A, van Ruitenbeek J M, de Bruyn Ouboter R and de Jongh L J 1990 Measurement of the London moment in two high-temperature superconductors Nature 345 418-9
118. Hirsch J E 2003 Electron-hole asymmetry and superconductivity Phys. Rev. B 68 012510
119. Hirsch J E 2005 Why holes are not like electrons. II. The role of the electron-ion interaction Phys. Rev. B 71 104522
120. Frenkel J and Rudnitzky V 1939 Gyromagnetic effect in supraconductors J. Exp. Theoret. Phys. 9 260-1
121. Hirsch J E 2003 The Lorentz force and superconductivity Phys. Lett. A 315 474-9
122. Hirsch J E 2005 Spin currents in superconductors Phys. Rev. B 71 184521
123. Meissner W and Ochsenfeld R 1933 Ein neuer Effekt bei Eintritt der Supraleitfhigkeit Naturwissenschaften 21 787-8
124. Hirsch J E 2008 The missing angular momentum of superconductors J. Phys. Cond. Matt. 20 235233
125. Hirsch J E 2007 Do superconductors violate Lenz's law? Body rotation under field cooling and theoretical implications Phys. Lett. A 366 615-9
126. Hirsch J E 2009 Electromotive forces and the Meissner effect puzzle arXiv: 0908.4096v2 [cond-mat.supr-con]
127. Hirsch J E 2008 Spin Meissner effect in superconductors and the origin of the Meissner effect Europhys. Lett. 81 67003
128. Hirsch J E 2008 Electrodynamics of spin currents in superconductors Ann. Phys., Berlin 17 380-409
129. Hirsch J E 2009 Charge expulsion, spin Meissner effect, and charge inhomogeneity in superconductors J. Supercond. Novel Magn. 22 131-9
130. Hirsch J E 1989 Hole superconductivity Phys. Lett. A 134 451-5
131. 2, Cuprates, and Other Materials ed A Narlikar (New York: Nova Science Publishers) pp 38, 49-73
132. Marsiglio F and Hirsch J E 2008 Hole superconductivity in arsenic-iron compounds Physica C 468 1047-52
133. Hirsch J E and Marsiglio F 1993 London penetration depth in hole superconductivity Phys. Rev. B 45 4807-18
134. Hirsch J E 1993 Electron- and hole-hopping amplitudes in a diatomic molecule Phys. Rev. B 48 3327-39
135. Marsiglio F and Hirsch J E 1989 Tunneling asymmetry: a test of superconductivity mechanisms Physica C 159 157-60
136. Hirsch J E 2003 Charge expulsion and electric field in superconductors Phys. Rev. B 68 184502
137. Hirsch J E 2004 Electrodynamics of superconductors Phys. Rev. B 69 214515
138. Hirsch J E 2009 Why holes are not like electrons. III. How holes in the normal state turn into electrons in the superconducting state Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 23 3035-57
139. Newcomb W A 1958 Motion of magnetic lines of force Ann. Phys. 3 347-85
140. Hirsch J E 2005 Explanation of the Tao effect: theory for the spherical aggregation of superconducting microparticles in an electric field Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 187001
141. Hirsch J E 2002 Why holes are not like electrons: a microscopic analysis of the differences between holes and electrons in condensed matter Phys. Rev. B 65 184502
142. c on carrier concentration Phys. Lett. A 140 122-6
143. Hong X Q and Hirsch J E 1992 Superconductivity in the transition-metal series Phys. Rev. B 46 14702-12
144. Matthias B T 1973 Criteria for superconducting transition temperatures Physica 69 54-6
145. Hirsch J E 1989 Bond-charge repulsion and hole superconductivity Physica C 158 326-36
146. Hirsch J E and Hamlin J J 2009 Why non-superconducting metallic elements become superconducting under high pressure arXiv: 0908.3496v1 [cond-mat.supr-con]
147. Hirsch J E 2003 Electronic dynamic Hubbard model: exact diagonalization study Phys. Rev. B 67 035103
148. Hirsch J E 2007 Ionizing radiation from superconductors in the theory of hole superconductivity J. Phys: Condens. Matter 19 125217
149. Heisenberg W 1948 Das elektrodynamische verhalten der supraleiter Z. Nat. forsch. A 3 65-75
150. Born M and Cheng K C 1948 Theory of superconductivity Nature 161 968-9
151. Slater J C 1937 The nature of the superconducting state. II Phys. Rev. 52 214-22
152. Kronig R de L 1932 Zur Theorie der Supraleitfaehigkeit Z. Phys. 78 744-50
153. Koch K M 1940 Versuch einer elektronenphysikalischen Deutung des Meissner-Ochsenfeld-effektes Z. Phys. 116 586-97
154. Charlton B G 2008 Zombie science: a sinister consequence of evaluating scientific theories purely on the basis of enlightened self-interest Med. Hypotheses 71 327329