Religions, constitutions, and the state: A cross-national study

Journal of Politics

Volumn 71, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1499-1513

  Fox, Jonathan ^a   Flores, Deborah ^b  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

^b Religion and State Project   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70450163885     PISSN: 00223816     EISSN: 14682508     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0022381609990053     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Barret, D. B., G. T. Kurian, and T. M. Johnson. 2001. World Christian Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2. Barro, Robert J., and Rachel M. McCleary. 2005. "Which Countries Have State Religions." Quarterly Journal of Economics 104 (4): 1331-1370
3. Beatty, David M. 2001. "The Forms and Limits of Constitutional Interpretation (National approaches to religious freedom)." American Journal of Comparative Law 49 (1): 79-120.
4. Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin. 2003. "The Return of Martyrdom: Honour, Death, and Immortality." Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions 4 (3): 11-34.
5. Boyle, Kevin, and Juliet Sheen. 1997. Freedom of Religion and Belief: World Report. New York: Routledge.
6. Bugaric, Bojan. 2008. "Populism, Liberal Democracy, and the Rule of Law in Central and Eastern Europe." Communist and Post-Communist Societies 41: 191-203.
7. Davenport, Christian A. 1996. "Constitutional Promises and Repressive Reality: A Cross-National Time- Series Investigation of Why Political and Civil Liberties are Suppressed." The Journal of Politics 58 (3): 627-654
8. Du Plessis, Lourens M. 1996. "Religious Human Rights in South Africa." In Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives, eds. John D. van der Vyver and John Witte, Jr. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 441-467
9. Durham, W. Cole, Jr. 1996. "Perspectives on Religious Liberty: A Comparative Framework." In Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives, eds. John D. van der Vyver and John Witte, Jr. Boston: Martinus Njhoff, 1-44.
10. Eisenstein, Marie A. 2006. "Rethinking the Relationship between Religion and Political Tolerance in the US." Political Behavior 28: 327-348
11. Ellis, Anthony. 2006. "What is Special about Religion?" Law and Philosophy 25 (2): 219-241
12. Finkel, Jodi. 2004. "Judicial Reform in Argentina in the 1990s: How Electoral Incentives Shape Institutional Change." Latin American Research Review 39 (3): 56-80.
13. Fombad, Charles M. 2007. "Challenges to Constitutionalism and Constitutional Rights in Africa and the Enabling Role of Political Parties: Lessons and Perspectives from Southern Africa." American Journal of Comparative Law 55 (1): 1-46.
14. Fox, Jonathan. 2004. Religion, Civilization and Civil War: 1945 Through the New Millennium. Lanham, MD: Lexington.
15. Fox, Jonathan. 2006. "World Separation of Religion and State into the 21st Century." Comparative Political Studies 39 (5): 537-569
16. Fox, Jonathan. 2007. "Do Democracies Have Separation of Religion and State?" Canadian Journal of Political Science 40 (1): 1-25.
17. Fox, Jonathan. 2008. A World Survey of Religion and the State. New York: Cambridge University Press.
18. Fox, Jonathan, and Shmuel Sandler. 2005. "Separation of Religion and State in the 21st Century: Comparing the Middle East and Western Democracies." Comparative Politics 37 (3): 317-335
19. Garlicki, Leszek Lech. 2001. "Perspectives on Freedom of Conscience and Religion in the Jurisprudence of Constitutional Courts." Brigham Young University Law Review (2): 467-510.
20. Ginsburg, Tom, Svitlana Chernykh, and Zachary Elkins. 2008. "Commitment and Diffusion: How and Why National Constitutions Incorporate International Law." University of Illinois Law Review 1: 201-237
21. Grim, Brian J., and Roger Finke. 2006. "International Religion Indexes: Government Regulation, Government Favoritism, and Social Regulation of Religion." Interdisciplinary Journal of Research on Religion 2 (1): 1-40.
22. Grim, Brian J., and Roger Finke. 2007. "Religious Persecution in Cross-National Context: Clashing Civilizations or Regulating Religious Economies?" American Sociological Review 72: 633-658
23. Gurr, Ted R. 1993. "Why Minorities Rebel." International Political Science Review 14 (2): 161-201.
24. Gurr, Ted R. 2000. Peoples Versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. Washington DC: United States Institute of Peace.
25. Gvosdev, Nikolas K. 2001. "Religious Freedom: Russian Constitutional Principles - Historical and Contemporary." Brigham Young University Law Review (2): 511-536
26. Haarscher, Guy. 2002. "Freedom of Religion in Context." Brigham Young University Law Review 2, 269-281.
27. Haynes, Jeff. 1998. Religion in Global Politics. New York: Longman.
28. Hendon, David W., and Charles McDaniel. 2006. "Notes on Church-state Affairs." Journal of Church and State 48 (2): 717-726
29. Jaggers, Keith, and Ted R. Gurr. 1995. "Tracking Democracy's Third Wave with the Polity III Data." Journal of Peace Research 32 (4): 469-482
30. Kasparian, Faith D. 1997. "The Constitutionality of Teaching and Performing Sacred Choral Music in Public Schools." Duke Law Journal 46 (5): 1111-1168
31. Latin, David. 2000. "Language Conflict and Violence: The Straw that Strengthens the Camel's Back." Archives Europennes De Sociologie 41 (1): 97-137.
32. Levy, Leonard W. 1986. The Establishment Clause: Religion and the First Amendment. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
33. Madeley, John T. S. 2003a. "European Liberal Democracy and the Principle of State Religious Neutrality." West European Politics 26 (1): 1-22.
34. Madeley, John T. S. 2003b. "A Framework for the Comparative Analysis of Church-State Relations in Europe." West European Politics 26 (1): 23-50.
35. McConnell, Michael W. 1992. "Religious Freedom at a Crossroads." University of Chicago Law Review 59 (1): 115-194
36. Mirsky, Yehudah. 1986. "Civil Religion and the Establishment Clause." The Yale Law Journal 95 (6): 1237-1257
37. Morrison, Trevor W. 2006. "Constitutional Avoidance in the Executive Branch." Columbia Law Review 106 (6): 1189-1259.
38. Motilla, August?́n. 2004. "Religious Pluralism in Spain: Striking the Balance between Religious Freedom and Constitutional Rights." Brigham Young University Law Revie. 2. 575-606.
39. Norris, Pippa, and Ronald Inglehart. 2004. Sacred and Secular: Religion and Politics Worldwide. New York: Cambridge University Press.
40. O'Brien, David M. 1996. To Dream of Dreams: Religious Freedom and Constitutional Politics in Postwar Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
41. Olowu, Dejo. 2006. "Human Rights and the Avoidance of Domestic Implementation: The Phenomenon of Non-justiciable Constitutional Guarantees." Saskatchewan Law Review 69 (1): 39-78.
42. Philpott, Daniel. 2007. "Explaining the Political Ambivalence of Religion." American Political Science Review 101 (3): 505-525
43. Poulter, Sebastian. 1997. "Muslim Headscarves in School: Contrasting Legal Approaches in England and France." Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 17 (1): 43-74.
44. Price, Daniel E. 1999. Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, and Human Rights. Westport CT: Praeger.
45. Rawles, John. 1993. Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.
46. Schedler, Andreas. 2002. "The Nested Game of Democratization by Elections." International Political Science Review 23 (1): 103-122
47. Solomon, Peter H. Jr. 2007. "Courts and Judges in Authoritarian Regimes." World Politics 60: 122-145
48. Spickard, James V. 1999. "Human Rights, Religious Conflict, and Globalization: Ultimate Values in a New World Order." MOST, Journal on Multicultural Societies 1 (1): Www.unesco. org./most/vl1n1ris.htm.
49. Stahnke, Tad, and Robert C. Blitt. 2005. "The Religion-State Relationship and the Right to Freedom of Religion or Belief: A Comparative Textual Analysis of the Constitutions of Predominantly Muslim Countries." Georgetown Journal of International Law 36 (4): 947-1078.
50. Stepan, Alfred. 2000. "Religion, Democracy, and the 'Twin Tolerations."' Journal of Democracy 11 (4): 37-56.
51. Tushnet, Mark. 2001. "The Redundant Free Exercise Clause?" Loyola University Chicago Law Journal 33: 71-94.
52. Van Cott, Donna Lee. 2003. "Andean Indigenous Movements and Constitutional Transformation: Venezuela in Comparative Perspective." Latin American Perspectives 128 (30): 49-69.
53. Van Cott, Donna Lee. 2000. "A Political Analysis of Legal Pluralism in Bolivia and Columbia." Journal of Latin American Studies 32: 207-234
54. Voye, Liliane. 1999. "Secularization in a Context of Advanced Modernity." Sociology of Religion 60 (3): 275-288
55. Wald, Kenneth D., and Clyde Wilcox. 2006. "Getting Religion: Has Political Science Discovered the Faith Factor?" American Political Science Review 100 (4): 523-529
56. Wald, Kenneth D., Adam L. Silverman, and Kevin S. Friday. 2005. "Making Sense of Religion in Political Life." Annual Review of Political Science 8: 121-143
57. Witte, John R., and M . Christian Green. 1996. "The American Constitutional Experiment in Religious Human Rights: The Perennial Search for Principles." In Religious Human Rights in Global Perspective: Legal Perspectives, eds. John D. van der Vyver and John Witte, Jr. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff, 497-558.