Overcoming barriers to pain relief in the caribbean

Developing World Bioethics

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 99-104

  MacPherson, Cheryl ^a   Aarons, Derrick ^a  

^a St Georges University Bioethics   (Grenada)

Author keywords

Developing world; Duties; Education; Healthcare; Medical ethics; Practice guidelines; Treatment

Indexed keywords

NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT;

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CENTRAL AMERICA; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DRUG CONTROL; DRUG UTILIZATION; GRENADA; HEALTH PERSONNEL ATTITUDE; HUMAN; JAMAICA; LEGAL ASPECT; MEDICAL ETHICS; METHODOLOGY; PAIN; PAIN ASSESSMENT; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PATIENT EDUCATION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; QUALITY OF LIFE; STANDARD; TERMINAL CARE;

ANALGESICS, OPIOID; ATTITUDE; ATTITUDE OF HEALTH PERSONNEL; CARIBBEAN REGION; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; DRUG AND NARCOTIC CONTROL; DRUG UTILIZATION; ETHICS, CLINICAL; GRENADA; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HUMANS; JAMAICA; PAIN; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PALLIATIVE CARE; PATIENT EDUCATION AS TOPIC; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; QUALITY OF LIFE; TERMINAL CARE;

EID: 70449672828     PISSN: 14718731     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2009.00262.x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. C. Macpherson. Healthcare Development requires Stakeholder Consultation: Palliative Care in the Caribbean. Camb Q Healthc Ethics 2006 15 : 248 255.
2. nd Edition. H. Merskey & N. Bogduk, eds. Seattle, WA: IASP Press. Available at: http://www.iasp-pain.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=General-Resource- Links&Template=/CM/HTMLDisplay.cfm&ContentID=3058#Pain [Accessed 30 Jun 2008.]
3. World Health Organization (WHO). 2005. Cancer Prevention and Control: Report A58/16 by the Secretariat. Geneva: WHO. Available at: http://www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pd-files/WHA58/A58-16-en.pdf [Accessed 30 Jun 2008].
4. K.A. Lorenz, et al. Evidence for Improving Palliative Care at the End of Life: A Systematic Review. Ann Int Med 2008 148 : 147 159.
5. th Anniversary. Cancer Pain Release 2006 19.
6. International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). 2008. Ensuring Access to Pain Treatment Medicines is Vital and Possible says INCB. In Annual Report: Press Release No. 4. Vienna: INCB. Available at: http://www.incb.org/pdf/annual- report/2007/en/04-press-release.pdf [Accessed 16 Oct 08].
7. Pain and Policy Studies Group (PPSG). 2006. Global 2006 Opioid Consumption Statistics. Madison, WI: PPSG. Available at: http://www.painpolicy. wisc.edu/internat/AMRO/Grenada/index.htm [Accessed 16 Oct 08].
8. Ibid..
9. Macpherson, op. cit. note 1.
10. C.A. O'Rouke G.M. Hawley. Sickle Cell Disorder and Orofacial Pain in Jamaican Patients. Br Dent J 1998 185 : 90 92.
11. W.R. Smith, et al. Daily Assessment of Pain in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease. Ann Int Med 2008 148 : 94 101.
12. K.S. Charles, K. Osagie R.K. Battini. Hospital Admissions for Acute Painful Crisis in Trinidad and Tobago: Are the British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) Guidelines Applicable? Clin Lab Haematol 2006 28 : 299 302.
13. Macpherson, op. cit. note 1; S.L. Librach & B.P. Squires. 1997. The Pain Manual: Principles and Issues in Cancer Pain Management. Montreal: Pegasus Healthcare International: 52.
14. Ibid..
15. H. Miranda, et al. Prevalence of Headache in Puerto Rico. Headache 2003 43 : 774 778 Miranda, et al. Headache Profile at a Medical Institution with a Specialized Center for Headache Management. Bol asoc med pr 2003 95 : 26 31.
16. S. Kreitzschitz C.C. Macpherson. End of Life Care: Perspectives from Families and Caregivers. W Indian Med J 2003 52 : 311 316.
17. S.E. Ward L. Hernandez. Patient-related Barriers to Cancer Pain Management in Puerto Rico. Pain 1994 58 : 233 238.
18. J. Golding. Hospice Home Care [Editorial]. W Indian Med J 1991 40 : 110.
19. Kreitzschitz & Macpherson, op. cit. note 16.
20. Librach & Squires, op cit. note 13.
21. Macpherson, op. cit. note 1
22. Kreitzschitz & Macpherson, op. cit. note 16.
23. D. Doyle. 1999. Through one Man's Eyes: A 30-year Retrospective on Ethical Issues in Palliative Care. Houston, TX: International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (IAHPC). Available at: http://www.hospicecare.com/ Ethics/index.htm [Accessed 21 Oct 2008].
24. L. De Lima D. Barnard. Advances in Palliative Care in Latin America and the Caribbean: Ongoing Projects of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). J Palliat Med 2001 4 : 227 231.
25. Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN). 2007. Pocketbook of Statistics Jamaica, 2007. Kingston: STATIN. Available at: http://www.statinja.com/stats. html [Accessed 21 Oct 2008].
26. D.E. Aarons. 2005. Doctor-Patient Communication in Government Hospitals in Jamaica: Empiric and Ethical Dimensions of a Socio-cultural Phenomenon [PhD. Thesis]. Montreal: McGill University: 69.
27. H.B. Wodinsky. The Costs of Caring for Cancer Patients. J Palliat Care 1992 8 : 25.
28. D. Patterson. 2003. The Basics: Cancer. Jamaicans.com 1 November. Available at: http://www.jamaicans.com/articles/health/1103-cancerbasics.shtml [Accessed 21 Oct 2008].
29. G. Blake, et al. Jamaica Cancer Statistics, 1999. W Indian Med J 2002 51 : 64 67.
30. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). 2002. Basic Country Health Profiles for the Americas. Washington, DC: PAHO. Available at: http://www.paho.org/English/DD/AIS/cp-index.htm [Accessed 14 Oct 2008].
31. UNAIDS. 2008. 2008 Progress Reports Submitted by Countries. Geneva: UNAIDS. Available at: http://www.unaids.org/en/KnowledgeCentre/HIVData/ CountryProgress/2007CountryProgressAllCountries.asp [Accessed 20 Jan 2009].
32. Aarons, op.cit. note 18.
33. PAHO, op. cit. note 29.
34. Kreitzshitz & Macpherson, op. cit. note 16.
35. M.R. Rajagopal, D.E. Joranson A.M. Gilson. Medical Use, Misuse, and Diversion of Opioids in India. Lancet 2001 358 : 139 143.
36. World Hospice and Palliative Care Day. 2008. About World Hospice and Palliative Care Day. London, UK: Help the Hospice. Available at: http://www.worldday.org/ [Accessed 15 Oct 2008].
37. R.G. Twycross & S.A. Lack. 1990. Therapeutics in Terminal Cancer. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone: 175.
38. Ibid; L.C. Driver & E. Bruera. 2000. MD Anderson Palliative Care Handbook. Houston, TX: The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center: 21.
39. Librach & Squires, op. cit. note 13.
40. L.D. Henley. End of Life Care in HIV-infected Children who Died in Hospital. Dev World Bioeth 2002 2 : 38 54.
41. J. Lynn. 2004. Sick to Death and not Going to Take it Anymore!: Reforming Health Care for the Last Years of Life. New York: University of California Press, Milbank Memorial Fund: 127.