메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 1-16

Neurologic Presentations of Acid-Base Imbalance, Electrolyte Abnormalities, and Endocrine Emergencies

Author keywords

Acid base; Electrolyte; Endocrine emergencies; Neurologic manifestations

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; ANDROGEN; CALCIUM; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBONATE DEHYDRATASE INHIBITOR; ETHYLENE GLYCOL; GLUCOSE; HYDROCORTISONE; INSULIN; IRON; ISONIAZID; KETONE; LITHIUM; MAGNESIUM; METFORMIN; METHANOL; OXYGEN; PARALDEHYDE; PHOSPHATE; POTASSIUM; SALICYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE; SODIUM; THYROXINE; VASOPRESSIN;

EID: 70449629842     PISSN: 07338619     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2009.09.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (18)

References (120)
  • 1
    • 0008155977 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic manifestations of respiratory failure
    • Kilburn K.H. Neurologic manifestations of respiratory failure. Arch Intern Med 116 (1965) 409-415
    • (1965) Arch Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 409-415
    • Kilburn, K.H.1
  • 2
    • 0024537976 scopus 로고
    • Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea
    • Jennum P., and Borgesen S.E. Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 95 2 (1989) 279-283
    • (1989) Chest , vol.95 , Issue.2 , pp. 279-283
    • Jennum, P.1    Borgesen, S.E.2
  • 3
    • 0028651886 scopus 로고
    • Papilloedema and visual failure in a patient with nocturnal hypoventilation
    • Kirkpatrick P.J., Meyer T., Sarkies N., et al. Papilloedema and visual failure in a patient with nocturnal hypoventilation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 57 12 (1994) 1546-1547
    • (1994) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.57 , Issue.12 , pp. 1546-1547
    • Kirkpatrick, P.J.1    Meyer, T.2    Sarkies, N.3
  • 4
    • 0021884411 scopus 로고
    • Papilloedema and respiratory failure
    • Reeve P., Harvey G., and Seaton D. Papilloedema and respiratory failure. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 291 6491 (1985) 331-332
    • (1985) Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) , vol.291 , Issue.6491 , pp. 331-332
    • Reeve, P.1    Harvey, G.2    Seaton, D.3
  • 5
    • 0034725727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Papilledema unresponsive to therapy in Pickwickian syndrome: another presentation of pseudotumor cerebri?
    • Varelas P.N., Spanaki M.V., Rathi S., et al. Papilledema unresponsive to therapy in Pickwickian syndrome: another presentation of pseudotumor cerebri?. Am J Med 109 1 (2000) 80-81
    • (2000) Am J Med , vol.109 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-81
    • Varelas, P.N.1    Spanaki, M.V.2    Rathi, S.3
  • 6
    • 70449681902 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory failure with focal neurological sings
    • Pitt B., Sweet R., and Stein M. Respiratory failure with focal neurological sings. Arch Intern Med 115 (1965) 14-17
    • (1965) Arch Intern Med , vol.115 , pp. 14-17
    • Pitt, B.1    Sweet, R.2    Stein, M.3
  • 7
    • 0017236706 scopus 로고
    • Encephalopathy following treatment of chronic pulmonary failure
    • Faden A. Encephalopathy following treatment of chronic pulmonary failure. Neurology 26 4 (1976) 337-339
    • (1976) Neurology , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 337-339
    • Faden, A.1
  • 8
    • 0000444298 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral effects of hyperventilation in man
    • Gotoh F., Meyer J.S., and Takagi Y. Cerebral effects of hyperventilation in man. Arch Neurol 12 (1965) 410-423
    • (1965) Arch Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 410-423
    • Gotoh, F.1    Meyer, J.S.2    Takagi, Y.3
  • 9
    • 0001413153 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of clinical and physiologic manifestations of sustained hyperventilation
    • Saltzman H.A., Heyman A., and Sieker H.O. Correlation of clinical and physiologic manifestations of sustained hyperventilation. N Engl J Med 268 (1963) 1431-1436
    • (1963) N Engl J Med , vol.268 , pp. 1431-1436
    • Saltzman, H.A.1    Heyman, A.2    Sieker, H.O.3
  • 10
    • 0029166372 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic aspects of hyperventilation syndrome
    • Evans R.W. Neurologic aspects of hyperventilation syndrome. Semin Neurol 15 2 (1995) 115-125
    • (1995) Semin Neurol , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 115-125
    • Evans, R.W.1
  • 11
    • 0022498105 scopus 로고
    • Neurological manifestations of the hyperventilation syndrome
    • Perkin G.D., and Joseph R. Neurological manifestations of the hyperventilation syndrome. J R Soc Med 79 8 (1986) 448-450
    • (1986) J R Soc Med , vol.79 , Issue.8 , pp. 448-450
    • Perkin, G.D.1    Joseph, R.2
  • 13
    • 0345534185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acidosis and alkalosis
    • Braunwald E., Fauci A., Kasper D., et al. (Eds), McGraw-Hill Companies, New York
    • DuBose T.D. Acidosis and alkalosis. In: Braunwald E., Fauci A., Kasper D., et al. (Eds). Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 15th edition (2001), McGraw-Hill Companies, New York 283-291
    • (2001) Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 15th edition , pp. 283-291
    • DuBose, T.D.1
  • 14
    • 0025941987 scopus 로고
    • A practical approach to acid-base disorders
    • Haber R.J. A practical approach to acid-base disorders. West J Med 155 2 (1991) 146-151
    • (1991) West J Med , vol.155 , Issue.2 , pp. 146-151
    • Haber, R.J.1
  • 15
    • 1142287403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myoclonus and metabolic alkalosis from licorice in antacid
    • Ishiguchi T., Mikita N., Iwata T., et al. Myoclonus and metabolic alkalosis from licorice in antacid. Intern Med 43 1 (2004) 59-62
    • (2004) Intern Med , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-62
    • Ishiguchi, T.1    Mikita, N.2    Iwata, T.3
  • 16
    • 0029885124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic alkalosis and myoclonus from antacid ingestion
    • Okada K., Kono N., Kobayashi S., et al. Metabolic alkalosis and myoclonus from antacid ingestion. Intern Med 35 6 (1996) 515-516
    • (1996) Intern Med , vol.35 , Issue.6 , pp. 515-516
    • Okada, K.1    Kono, N.2    Kobayashi, S.3
  • 17
    • 0041660572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic alkalosis and myoclonus
    • Simons P., Nadra I., and McNally P.G. Metabolic alkalosis and myoclonus. Postgrad Med J 79 933 (2003) 414-415
    • (2003) Postgrad Med J , vol.79 , Issue.933 , pp. 414-415
    • Simons, P.1    Nadra, I.2    McNally, P.G.3
  • 18
    • 0013973192 scopus 로고
    • Shock, seizures, and coma with alkalosis during mechanical ventilation
    • Kilburn K.H. Shock, seizures, and coma with alkalosis during mechanical ventilation. Ann Intern Med 65 5 (1966) 977-984
    • (1966) Ann Intern Med , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 977-984
    • Kilburn, K.H.1
  • 19
    • 70449654637 scopus 로고
    • Cns disorder during mechanical ventilation in chronic pulmonary disease
    • Rotheram Jr. E.B., Safar P., and Robin E. Cns disorder during mechanical ventilation in chronic pulmonary disease. JAMA 189 (1964) 993-996
    • (1964) JAMA , vol.189 , pp. 993-996
    • Rotheram Jr., E.B.1    Safar, P.2    Robin, E.3
  • 20
    • 0018287617 scopus 로고
    • Life-threatening metabolic alkalosis in a comatose patient
    • Fraley D.S., Adler S., and Bruns F. Life-threatening metabolic alkalosis in a comatose patient. Southampt Med J 72 8 (1979) 1024-1025
    • (1979) Southampt Med J , vol.72 , Issue.8 , pp. 1024-1025
    • Fraley, D.S.1    Adler, S.2    Bruns, F.3
  • 21
    • 70449690135 scopus 로고
    • Severe metabolic alkalosis with neurologic abnormalities; report of a case
    • Lubash G.D., Cohen B.D., Young C.W., et al. Severe metabolic alkalosis with neurologic abnormalities; report of a case. N Engl J Med 258 21 (1958) 1050-1052
    • (1958) N Engl J Med , vol.258 , Issue.21 , pp. 1050-1052
    • Lubash, G.D.1    Cohen, B.D.2    Young, C.W.3
  • 22
  • 23
    • 0028034906 scopus 로고
    • Alterations in plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides and antidiuretic hormone after subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • Isotani E., Suzuki R., Tomita K., et al. Alterations in plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides and antidiuretic hormone after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 25 11 (1994) 2198-2203
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , Issue.11 , pp. 2198-2203
    • Isotani, E.1    Suzuki, R.2    Tomita, K.3
  • 24
    • 2542558229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of serum brain natriuretic peptide with hyponatremia and delayed ischemic neurological deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage
    • [discussion: 1373-4]
    • McGirt M.J., Blessing R., Nimjee S.M., et al. Correlation of serum brain natriuretic peptide with hyponatremia and delayed ischemic neurological deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 54 6 (2004) 1369-1373 [discussion: 1373-4]
    • (2004) Neurosurgery , vol.54 , Issue.6 , pp. 1369-1373
    • McGirt, M.J.1    Blessing, R.2    Nimjee, S.M.3
  • 25
    • 0021927575 scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia and cerebral infarction in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: is fluid restriction harmful?
    • Wijdicks E.F., Vermeulen M., Hijdra A., et al. Hyponatremia and cerebral infarction in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: is fluid restriction harmful?. Ann Neurol 17 2 (1985) 137-140
    • (1985) Ann Neurol , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 137-140
    • Wijdicks, E.F.1    Vermeulen, M.2    Hijdra, A.3
  • 26
    • 0021830038 scopus 로고
    • Volume depletion and natriuresis in patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm
    • Wijdicks E.F., Vermeulen M., ten Haaf J.A., et al. Volume depletion and natriuresis in patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Ann Neurol 18 2 (1985) 211-216
    • (1985) Ann Neurol , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-216
    • Wijdicks, E.F.1    Vermeulen, M.2    ten Haaf, J.A.3
  • 27
    • 33644661282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocephalus and hyponatremia as the presenting manifestations of primary CNS lymphoma
    • Kim J.H., Kang J.K., and Lee S.A. Hydrocephalus and hyponatremia as the presenting manifestations of primary CNS lymphoma. Eur Neurol 55 1 (2006) 39-41
    • (2006) Eur Neurol , vol.55 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-41
    • Kim, J.H.1    Kang, J.K.2    Lee, S.A.3
  • 28
    • 0029760322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water and sodium disorders following surgical excision of pituitary region tumours
    • Poon W.S., Lolin Y.I., Yeung T.F., et al. Water and sodium disorders following surgical excision of pituitary region tumours. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 138 8 (1996) 921-927
    • (1996) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.138 , Issue.8 , pp. 921-927
    • Poon, W.S.1    Lolin, Y.I.2    Yeung, T.F.3
  • 29
    • 17744399909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and fluid restriction in meningitis-how strong is the evidence?
    • Moller K., Larsen F.S., Bie P., et al. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and fluid restriction in meningitis-how strong is the evidence?. Scand J Infect Dis 33 1 (2001) 13-26
    • (2001) Scand J Infect Dis , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-26
    • Moller, K.1    Larsen, F.S.2    Bie, P.3
  • 30
    • 0028303953 scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremic natriuretic syndrome in tuberculous meningitis: the probable role of atrial natriuretic peptide
    • [discussion: 988]
    • Narotam P.K., Kemp M., Buck R., et al. Hyponatremic natriuretic syndrome in tuberculous meningitis: the probable role of atrial natriuretic peptide. Neurosurgery 34 6 (1994) 982-988 [discussion: 988]
    • (1994) Neurosurgery , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 982-988
    • Narotam, P.K.1    Kemp, M.2    Buck, R.3
  • 31
    • 34648835337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain injury: incidence, mechanism, and response to sodium supplementation or retention therapy with hydrocortisone
    • Moro N., Katayama Y., Igarashi T., et al. Hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain injury: incidence, mechanism, and response to sodium supplementation or retention therapy with hydrocortisone. Surg Neurol 68 4 (2007) 387-393
    • (2007) Surg Neurol , vol.68 , Issue.4 , pp. 387-393
    • Moro, N.1    Katayama, Y.2    Igarashi, T.3
  • 32
    • 0017225309 scopus 로고
    • Neurological manifestations and morbidity of hyponatremia: correlation with brain water and electrolytes
    • Arieff A.I., Llach F., and Massry S.G. Neurological manifestations and morbidity of hyponatremia: correlation with brain water and electrolytes. Medicine (Baltimore) 55 2 (1976) 121-129
    • (1976) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.55 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-129
    • Arieff, A.I.1    Llach, F.2    Massry, S.G.3
  • 33
    • 0344443379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia in critically ill neurological patients
    • Rabinstein A.A., and Wijdicks E.F. Hyponatremia in critically ill neurological patients. Neurologist 9 6 (2003) 290-300
    • (2003) Neurologist , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 290-300
    • Rabinstein, A.A.1    Wijdicks, E.F.2
  • 34
    • 0014855971 scopus 로고
    • Signs and symptoms of electrolyte disorders
    • Weiner M., and Epstein F.H. Signs and symptoms of electrolyte disorders. Yale J Biol Med 43 2 (1970) 76-109
    • (1970) Yale J Biol Med , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 76-109
    • Weiner, M.1    Epstein, F.H.2
  • 35
    • 0022651395 scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and permanent brain damage after elective surgery in healthy women
    • Arieff A.I. Hyponatremia, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and permanent brain damage after elective surgery in healthy women. N Engl J Med 314 24 (1986) 1529-1535
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , Issue.24 , pp. 1529-1535
    • Arieff, A.I.1
  • 36
    • 0027213095 scopus 로고
    • New-onset seizures in critically ill patients
    • Wijdicks E.F., and Sharbrough F.W. New-onset seizures in critically ill patients. Neurology 43 5 (1993) 1042-1044
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 1042-1044
    • Wijdicks, E.F.1    Sharbrough, F.W.2
  • 37
  • 38
    • 0036154669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances
    • vii
    • Riggs J.E. Neurologic manifestations of electrolyte disturbances. Neurol Clin 20 1 (2002) 227-239 vii
    • (2002) Neurol Clin , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 227-239
    • Riggs, J.E.1
  • 39
    • 50549186055 scopus 로고
    • Unstable osmolar homeostasis with and without renal sodium wastage
    • Schwartz E., Fogel R.L., Chokas W.V., et al. Unstable osmolar homeostasis with and without renal sodium wastage. Am J Med 33 (1962) 39-53
    • (1962) Am J Med , vol.33 , pp. 39-53
    • Schwartz, E.1    Fogel, R.L.2    Chokas, W.V.3
  • 40
    • 9044233964 scopus 로고
    • A syndrome of renal sodium loss and hyponatremia probably resulting from inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
    • Schwartz W.B., Bennett W., Curelop S., et al. A syndrome of renal sodium loss and hyponatremia probably resulting from inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Am J Med 23 4 (1957) 529-542
    • (1957) Am J Med , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-542
    • Schwartz, W.B.1    Bennett, W.2    Curelop, S.3
  • 42
    • 0017081615 scopus 로고
    • Effects on the central nervous system of hypernatremic and hyponatremic states
    • Arieff A.I., and Guisado R. Effects on the central nervous system of hypernatremic and hyponatremic states. Kidney Int 10 1 (1976) 104-116
    • (1976) Kidney Int , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 104-116
    • Arieff, A.I.1    Guisado, R.2
  • 43
    • 0034682411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypernatremia
    • Adrogue H.J., and Madias N.E. Hypernatremia. N Engl J Med 342 20 (2000) 1493-1499
    • (2000) N Engl J Med , vol.342 , Issue.20 , pp. 1493-1499
    • Adrogue, H.J.1    Madias, N.E.2
  • 44
    • 0021909652 scopus 로고
    • Familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 50-year follow-up of a large family
    • Buruma O.J., Bots G.T., and Went L.N. Familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 50-year follow-up of a large family. Arch Neurol 42 1 (1985) 28-31
    • (1985) Arch Neurol , vol.42 , Issue.1 , pp. 28-31
    • Buruma, O.J.1    Bots, G.T.2    Went, L.N.3
  • 45
    • 0026594659 scopus 로고
    • Hypokalemic paralyses: a review of the etiologies, pathophysiology, presentation, and therapy
    • Stedwell R.E., Allen K.M., and Binder L.S. Hypokalemic paralyses: a review of the etiologies, pathophysiology, presentation, and therapy. Am J Emerg Med 10 2 (1992) 143-148
    • (1992) Am J Emerg Med , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 143-148
    • Stedwell, R.E.1    Allen, K.M.2    Binder, L.S.3
  • 46
    • 0026718895 scopus 로고
    • Hypokalemia as a cause of tetany
    • Ault M.J., and Geiderman J. Hypokalemia as a cause of tetany. West J Med 157 1 (1992) 65-67
    • (1992) West J Med , vol.157 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-67
    • Ault, M.J.1    Geiderman, J.2
  • 47
    • 70449684190 scopus 로고
    • On the relation of potassium to the neurological manifestations of hypocalcemic tetany
    • Engel F.L., Martin S.P., and Taylor H. On the relation of potassium to the neurological manifestations of hypocalcemic tetany. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 84 4 (1949) 285-301
    • (1949) Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp , vol.84 , Issue.4 , pp. 285-301
    • Engel, F.L.1    Martin, S.P.2    Taylor, H.3
  • 48
    • 0014773341 scopus 로고
    • Hypokalemic myopathy and elevation of serum enzymes
    • Van Horn G., Drori J.B., and Schwartz F.D. Hypokalemic myopathy and elevation of serum enzymes. Arch Neurol 22 4 (1970) 335-341
    • (1970) Arch Neurol , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-341
    • Van Horn, G.1    Drori, J.B.2    Schwartz, F.D.3
  • 49
    • 0031879844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malnutrition-induced hypokalemic myopathy in chronic alcoholism
    • Finsterer J., Hess B., Jarius C., et al. Malnutrition-induced hypokalemic myopathy in chronic alcoholism. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 36 4 (1998) 369-373
    • (1998) J Toxicol Clin Toxicol , vol.36 , Issue.4 , pp. 369-373
    • Finsterer, J.1    Hess, B.2    Jarius, C.3
  • 50
    • 0015147376 scopus 로고
    • Hypokalemic myopathy in chronic alcoholism
    • Martin J.B., Craig J.W., Eckel R.E., et al. Hypokalemic myopathy in chronic alcoholism. Neurology 21 11 (1971) 1160-1168
    • (1971) Neurology , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 1160-1168
    • Martin, J.B.1    Craig, J.W.2    Eckel, R.E.3
  • 51
    • 0037164332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reversible paralysis
    • Maury E., Lemant J., Dussaule J.C., et al. A reversible paralysis. Lancet 360 9346 (2002) 1660
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , Issue.9346 , pp. 1660
    • Maury, E.1    Lemant, J.2    Dussaule, J.C.3
  • 52
  • 54
    • 0016373423 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular disease in primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Patten B.M., Bilezikian J.P., Mallette L.E., et al. Neuromuscular disease in primary hyperparathyroidism. Ann Intern Med 80 2 (1974) 182-193
    • (1974) Ann Intern Med , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 182-193
    • Patten, B.M.1    Bilezikian, J.P.2    Mallette, L.E.3
  • 55
    • 34248648181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mania in a case of hyperparathyroidism
    • Brown S.W., Vyas B.V., and Spiegel D.R. Mania in a case of hyperparathyroidism. Psychosomatics 48 3 (2007) 265-268
    • (2007) Psychosomatics , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 265-268
    • Brown, S.W.1    Vyas, B.V.2    Spiegel, D.R.3
  • 56
    • 34547101721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked improvement of psychiatric symptoms after parathyroidectomy in elderly primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Chiba Y., Satoh K., Ueda S., et al. Marked improvement of psychiatric symptoms after parathyroidectomy in elderly primary hyperparathyroidism. Endocrinol Jpn 54 3 (2007) 379-383
    • (2007) Endocrinol Jpn , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 379-383
    • Chiba, Y.1    Satoh, K.2    Ueda, S.3
  • 57
    • 0031776448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary hyperparathyroidism and ALS: is there a relation?
    • Jackson C.E., Amato A.A., Bryan W.W., et al. Primary hyperparathyroidism and ALS: is there a relation?. Neurology 50 6 (1998) 1795-1799
    • (1998) Neurology , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 1795-1799
    • Jackson, C.E.1    Amato, A.A.2    Bryan, W.W.3
  • 58
    • 0021353146 scopus 로고
    • Severe neurological disease associated with hyperparathyroidism
    • Patten B.M., and Pages M. Severe neurological disease associated with hyperparathyroidism. Ann Neurol 15 5 (1984) 453-456
    • (1984) Ann Neurol , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 453-456
    • Patten, B.M.1    Pages, M.2
  • 59
    • 34249847883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional vitamin D deficiency presenting as hemichorea
    • Fernandez R., Ashraf A., and Dure L.S. Nutritional vitamin D deficiency presenting as hemichorea. J Child Neurol 22 1 (2007) 74-76
    • (2007) J Child Neurol , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-76
    • Fernandez, R.1    Ashraf, A.2    Dure, L.S.3
  • 60
    • 0026894236 scopus 로고
    • Hyperparathyroidism associated with parkinsonism
    • Hirooka Y., Yuasa K., Hibi K., et al. Hyperparathyroidism associated with parkinsonism. Intern Med 31 7 (1992) 904-907
    • (1992) Intern Med , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 904-907
    • Hirooka, Y.1    Yuasa, K.2    Hibi, K.3
  • 61
    • 0027172621 scopus 로고
    • Reversible parkinsonism induced by hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism
    • Kovacs C.S., Howse D.C., and Yendt E.R. Reversible parkinsonism induced by hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism. Arch Intern Med 153 9 (1993) 1134-1136
    • (1993) Arch Intern Med , vol.153 , Issue.9 , pp. 1134-1136
    • Kovacs, C.S.1    Howse, D.C.2    Yendt, E.R.3
  • 62
    • 0027500630 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic complications of thyroid and parathyroid disease
    • Tonner D.R., and Schlechte J.A. Neurologic complications of thyroid and parathyroid disease. Med Clin North Am 77 1 (1993) 251-263
    • (1993) Med Clin North Am , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 251-263
    • Tonner, D.R.1    Schlechte, J.A.2
  • 63
    • 33845225958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypocalcemic choreoathetosis and tetany after bisphosphonate treatment
    • Topakian R., Stieglbauer K., Rotaru J., et al. Hypocalcemic choreoathetosis and tetany after bisphosphonate treatment. Mov Disord 21 11 (2006) 2026-2027
    • (2006) Mov Disord , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 2026-2027
    • Topakian, R.1    Stieglbauer, K.2    Rotaru, J.3
  • 64
    • 0025030394 scopus 로고
    • Extensive brain calcification and progressive dysarthria and dysphagia associated with chronic hypoparathyroidism
    • Cheek J.C., Riggs J.E., and Lilly R.L. Extensive brain calcification and progressive dysarthria and dysphagia associated with chronic hypoparathyroidism. Arch Neurol 47 9 (1990) 1038-1039
    • (1990) Arch Neurol , vol.47 , Issue.9 , pp. 1038-1039
    • Cheek, J.C.1    Riggs, J.E.2    Lilly, R.L.3
  • 65
    • 70449688570 scopus 로고
    • Intracranial calcification and hypoparathyroidism
    • Levin P., Kunin A.S., Donaghy R.M., et al. Intracranial calcification and hypoparathyroidism. Neurology 11 (1961) 1076-1080
    • (1961) Neurology , vol.11 , pp. 1076-1080
    • Levin, P.1    Kunin, A.S.2    Donaghy, R.M.3
  • 66
    • 0018900268 scopus 로고
    • Intracranial calcification in hyperparathyroidism associated with gait apraxia and parkinsonism
    • Margolin D., Hammerstad J., Orwoll E., et al. Intracranial calcification in hyperparathyroidism associated with gait apraxia and parkinsonism. Neurology 30 9 (1980) 1005-1007
    • (1980) Neurology , vol.30 , Issue.9 , pp. 1005-1007
    • Margolin, D.1    Hammerstad, J.2    Orwoll, E.3
  • 67
    • 2342571650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasoconstriction as the etiology of hypercalcemia-induced seizures
    • Chen T.H., Huang C.C., Chang Y.Y., et al. Vasoconstriction as the etiology of hypercalcemia-induced seizures. Epilepsia 45 5 (2004) 551-554
    • (2004) Epilepsia , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 551-554
    • Chen, T.H.1    Huang, C.C.2    Chang, Y.Y.3
  • 68
    • 0032167892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-convulsive status epilepticus in a patient with hypocalcemia
    • Kline C.A., Esekogwu V.I., Henderson S.O., et al. Non-convulsive status epilepticus in a patient with hypocalcemia. J Emerg Med 16 5 (1998) 715-718
    • (1998) J Emerg Med , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 715-718
    • Kline, C.A.1    Esekogwu, V.I.2    Henderson, S.O.3
  • 69
    • 3042569374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypocalcemic generalised seizures as a manifestation of iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism months to years after thyroid surgery
    • Mrowka M., Knake S., Klinge H., et al. Hypocalcemic generalised seizures as a manifestation of iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism months to years after thyroid surgery. Epileptic Disord 6 2 (2004) 85-87
    • (2004) Epileptic Disord , vol.6 , Issue.2 , pp. 85-87
    • Mrowka, M.1    Knake, S.2    Klinge, H.3
  • 70
    • 0036018877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal hypocalcemic seizures: case report and literature review
    • Kossoff E.H., Silvia M.T., Maret A., et al. Neonatal hypocalcemic seizures: case report and literature review. J Child Neurol 17 3 (2002) 236-239
    • (2002) J Child Neurol , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 236-239
    • Kossoff, E.H.1    Silvia, M.T.2    Maret, A.3
  • 71
    • 0025973072 scopus 로고
    • Central nervous system magnesium deficiency
    • Langley W.F., and Mann D. Central nervous system magnesium deficiency. Arch Intern Med 151 3 (1991) 593-596
    • (1991) Arch Intern Med , vol.151 , Issue.3 , pp. 593-596
    • Langley, W.F.1    Mann, D.2
  • 72
    • 0011922329 scopus 로고
    • Experimental human magnesium depletion. I. Clinical observations and blood chemistry alterations
    • Shils M.E. Experimental human magnesium depletion. I. Clinical observations and blood chemistry alterations. Am J Clin Nutr 15 (1964) 133-143
    • (1964) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.15 , pp. 133-143
    • Shils, M.E.1
  • 74
    • 0031048001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperphosphatemia associated with phosphorus-containing laxatives in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency
    • Escalante C.P., Weiser M.A., and Finkel K. Hyperphosphatemia associated with phosphorus-containing laxatives in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency. Southampt Med J 90 2 (1997) 240-242
    • (1997) Southampt Med J , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 240-242
    • Escalante, C.P.1    Weiser, M.A.2    Finkel, K.3
  • 75
    • 44849100896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extreme hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic coma associated with phosphate enema
    • Hsu H.J., and Wu M.S. Extreme hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemic coma associated with phosphate enema. Intern Med 47 7 (2008) 643-646
    • (2008) Intern Med , vol.47 , Issue.7 , pp. 643-646
    • Hsu, H.J.1    Wu, M.S.2
  • 76
    • 3242708464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia following the rectal administration of a phosphate-containing Fleet pediatric enema
    • Marraffa J.M., Hui A., and Stork C.M. Severe hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia following the rectal administration of a phosphate-containing Fleet pediatric enema. Pediatr Emerg Care 20 7 (2004) 453-456
    • (2004) Pediatr Emerg Care , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 453-456
    • Marraffa, J.M.1    Hui, A.2    Stork, C.M.3
  • 77
    • 0017584263 scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology and clinical characteristics of severe hypophosphatemia
    • Knochel J.P. The pathophysiology and clinical characteristics of severe hypophosphatemia. Arch Intern Med 137 2 (1977) 203-220
    • (1977) Arch Intern Med , vol.137 , Issue.2 , pp. 203-220
    • Knochel, J.P.1
  • 78
    • 0020072978 scopus 로고
    • Neuromuscular manifestations of electrolyte disorders
    • Knochel J.P. Neuromuscular manifestations of electrolyte disorders. Am J Med 72 3 (1982) 521-535
    • (1982) Am J Med , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 521-535
    • Knochel, J.P.1
  • 79
    • 0019862599 scopus 로고
    • Neurologic signs and hypophosphatemia with total parenteral nutrition
    • Chudley A.E., Ninan A., and Young G.B. Neurologic signs and hypophosphatemia with total parenteral nutrition. Can Med Assoc J 125 6 (1981) 604-607
    • (1981) Can Med Assoc J , vol.125 , Issue.6 , pp. 604-607
    • Chudley, A.E.1    Ninan, A.2    Young, G.B.3
  • 80
    • 0021799526 scopus 로고
    • Effect of hypophosphatemia on diaphragmatic contractility in patients with acute respiratory failure
    • Aubier M., Murciano D., Lecocguic Y., et al. Effect of hypophosphatemia on diaphragmatic contractility in patients with acute respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 313 7 (1985) 420-424
    • (1985) N Engl J Med , vol.313 , Issue.7 , pp. 420-424
    • Aubier, M.1    Murciano, D.2    Lecocguic, Y.3
  • 81
    • 0022570835 scopus 로고
    • Hypophosphatemia and diaphragmatic contractility
    • Rie M.A. Hypophosphatemia and diaphragmatic contractility. N Engl J Med 314 8 (1986) 519-520
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , Issue.8 , pp. 519-520
    • Rie, M.A.1
  • 82
    • 33751338960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemic crises in diabetes mellitus: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
    • viii
    • Kitabchi A.E., and Nyenwe E.A. Hyperglycemic crises in diabetes mellitus: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 35 4 (2006) 725-751 viii
    • (2006) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 725-751
    • Kitabchi, A.E.1    Nyenwe, E.A.2
  • 83
    • 0021035385 scopus 로고
    • Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in adults: experience in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma with low-dose insulin and a uniform treatment regimen
    • Carroll P., and Matz R. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in adults: experience in treating diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic coma with low-dose insulin and a uniform treatment regimen. Diabetes Care 6 6 (1983) 579-585
    • (1983) Diabetes Care , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 579-585
    • Carroll, P.1    Matz, R.2
  • 86
    • 0036186126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion-weighted and gradient echo magnetic resonance findings of hemichorea-hemiballismus associated with diabetic hyperglycemia: a hyperviscosity syndrome?
    • Chu K., Kang D.W., Kim D.E., et al. Diffusion-weighted and gradient echo magnetic resonance findings of hemichorea-hemiballismus associated with diabetic hyperglycemia: a hyperviscosity syndrome?. Arch Neurol 59 3 (2002) 448-452
    • (2002) Arch Neurol , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 448-452
    • Chu, K.1    Kang, D.W.2    Kim, D.E.3
  • 87
    • 0030011744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chorea-ballismus with nonketotic hyperglycemia in primary diabetes mellitus
    • Lai P.H., Tien R.D., Chang M.H., et al. Chorea-ballismus with nonketotic hyperglycemia in primary diabetes mellitus. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17 6 (1996) 1057-1064
    • (1996) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 1057-1064
    • Lai, P.H.1    Tien, R.D.2    Chang, M.H.3
  • 88
    • 34047150351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal neuronal loss, reversible subcortical focal T2 hypointensity in seizures with a nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state
    • Raghavendra S., Ashalatha R., Thomas S.V., et al. Focal neuronal loss, reversible subcortical focal T2 hypointensity in seizures with a nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. Neuroradiology 49 4 (2007) 299-305
    • (2007) Neuroradiology , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 299-305
    • Raghavendra, S.1    Ashalatha, R.2    Thomas, S.V.3
  • 89
    • 0019125079 scopus 로고
    • Epilepsia partialis continua associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia: clinical and biochemical profile of 21 patients
    • Singh B.M., and Strobos R.J. Epilepsia partialis continua associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia: clinical and biochemical profile of 21 patients. Ann Neurol 8 2 (1980) 155-160
    • (1980) Ann Neurol , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-160
    • Singh, B.M.1    Strobos, R.J.2
  • 90
    • 0022893726 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral edema complicating nonketotic hyperosmolar coma
    • Arieff A.I. Cerebral edema complicating nonketotic hyperosmolar coma. Miner Electrolyte Metab 12 5-6 (1986) 383-389
    • (1986) Miner Electrolyte Metab , vol.12 , Issue.5-6 , pp. 383-389
    • Arieff, A.I.1
  • 91
    • 0015589393 scopus 로고
    • Studies on mechanisms of cerebral edema in diabetic comas. Effects of hyperglycemia and rapid lowering of plasma glucose in normal rabbits
    • Arieff A.I., and Kleeman C.R. Studies on mechanisms of cerebral edema in diabetic comas. Effects of hyperglycemia and rapid lowering of plasma glucose in normal rabbits. J Clin Invest 52 3 (1973) 571-583
    • (1973) J Clin Invest , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 571-583
    • Arieff, A.I.1    Kleeman, C.R.2
  • 92
    • 0023185874 scopus 로고
    • Possible mechanism for cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Van der Meulen J.A., Klip A., and Grinstein S. Possible mechanism for cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis. Lancet 2 8554 (1987) 306-308
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8554 , pp. 306-308
    • Van der Meulen, J.A.1    Klip, A.2    Grinstein, S.3
  • 93
    • 0033826717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on mechanisms of cerebral edema in diabetic comas: effects of hyperglycemia and rapid lowering of plasma glucose in normal rabbits (J Clin Invest 52:571-83, 1973)
    • Arieff A.I., and Kleeman C.R. Studies on mechanisms of cerebral edema in diabetic comas: effects of hyperglycemia and rapid lowering of plasma glucose in normal rabbits (J Clin Invest 52:571-83, 1973). J Am Soc Nephrol 11 9 (2000) 1776-1788
    • (2000) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.11 , Issue.9 , pp. 1776-1788
    • Arieff, A.I.1    Kleeman, C.R.2
  • 94
    • 15444342055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient focal neurologic deficits associated with hypoglycaemia in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Italian Collaborative Paediatric Diabetologic Group
    • Pocecco M., and Ronfani L. Transient focal neurologic deficits associated with hypoglycaemia in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Italian Collaborative Paediatric Diabetologic Group. Acta Paediatr 87 5 (1998) 542-544
    • (1998) Acta Paediatr , vol.87 , Issue.5 , pp. 542-544
    • Pocecco, M.1    Ronfani, L.2
  • 95
    • 0000358420 scopus 로고
    • Transient hypoglycemic hemiplegia
    • Montgomery B.M., and Pinner C.A. Transient hypoglycemic hemiplegia. Arch Intern Med 114 (1964) 680-684
    • (1964) Arch Intern Med , vol.114 , pp. 680-684
    • Montgomery, B.M.1    Pinner, C.A.2
  • 96
    • 0021828468 scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycemia: causes, neurological manifestations, and outcome
    • Malouf R., and Brust J.C. Hypoglycemia: causes, neurological manifestations, and outcome. Ann Neurol 17 5 (1985) 421-430
    • (1985) Ann Neurol , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 421-430
    • Malouf, R.1    Brust, J.C.2
  • 97
    • 0023228448 scopus 로고
    • Hypoglycemic hemiplegia: two cases and a clinical review
    • Foster J.W., and Hart R.G. Hypoglycemic hemiplegia: two cases and a clinical review. Stroke 18 5 (1987) 944-946
    • (1987) Stroke , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 944-946
    • Foster, J.W.1    Hart, R.G.2
  • 98
    • 0020566803 scopus 로고
    • Persistent vegetative state with high cerebral blood flow following profound hypoglycemia
    • Agardh C.D., Rosen I., and Ryding E. Persistent vegetative state with high cerebral blood flow following profound hypoglycemia. Ann Neurol 14 4 (1983) 482-486
    • (1983) Ann Neurol , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 482-486
    • Agardh, C.D.1    Rosen, I.2    Ryding, E.3
  • 99
    • 0023936013 scopus 로고
    • Electroencephalography and visually evoked potentials during moderate hypoglycemia
    • Tamburrano G., Lala A., Locuratolo N., et al. Electroencephalography and visually evoked potentials during moderate hypoglycemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 66 6 (1988) 1301-1306
    • (1988) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.66 , Issue.6 , pp. 1301-1306
    • Tamburrano, G.1    Lala, A.2    Locuratolo, N.3
  • 100
    • 0024472174 scopus 로고
    • Association between diabetes, severe hypoglycaemia, and electroencephalographic abnormalities
    • Soltesz G., and Acsadi G. Association between diabetes, severe hypoglycaemia, and electroencephalographic abnormalities. Arch Dis Child 64 7 (1989) 992-996
    • (1989) Arch Dis Child , vol.64 , Issue.7 , pp. 992-996
    • Soltesz, G.1    Acsadi, G.2
  • 101
    • 33845966028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid improvement of diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities after glucose infusion in hypoglycaemic coma
    • Maruya J., Endoh H., Watanabe H., et al. Rapid improvement of diffusion-weighted imaging abnormalities after glucose infusion in hypoglycaemic coma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 78 1 (2007) 102-103
    • (2007) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 102-103
    • Maruya, J.1    Endoh, H.2    Watanabe, H.3
  • 102
    • 33747447694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in early diagnosis and prognosis of hypoglycemia
    • Lo L., Tan A.C., Umapathi T., et al. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging in early diagnosis and prognosis of hypoglycemia. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27 6 (2006) 1222-1224
    • (2006) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 1222-1224
    • Lo, L.1    Tan, A.C.2    Umapathi, T.3
  • 103
    • 0035845666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion-weighted MR in hypoglycemic coma
    • Finelli P.F. Diffusion-weighted MR in hypoglycemic coma. Neurology 57 5 (2001) 933
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , Issue.5 , pp. 933
    • Finelli, P.F.1
  • 104
    • 33751257146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute adrenal insufficiency
    • ix
    • Bouillon R. Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 35 4 (2006) 767-775 ix
    • (2006) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 767-775
    • Bouillon, R.1
  • 105
    • 0018581236 scopus 로고
    • Musculoskeletal manifestations of Addison's disease
    • Calabrese L.H., and White C.S. Musculoskeletal manifestations of Addison's disease. Arthritis Rheum 22 5 (1979) 558
    • (1979) Arthritis Rheum , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 558
    • Calabrese, L.H.1    White, C.S.2
  • 106
    • 0017736460 scopus 로고
    • Polyradiculoneuropathy in Addison's disease. Case report and review of literature
    • Abbas D.H., Schlagenhauff R.E., and Strong H.E. Polyradiculoneuropathy in Addison's disease. Case report and review of literature. Neurology 27 5 (1977) 494-495
    • (1977) Neurology , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 494-495
    • Abbas, D.H.1    Schlagenhauff, R.E.2    Strong, H.E.3
  • 107
    • 0023133644 scopus 로고
    • Myopathy in Addison's disease
    • Mor F., Green P., and Wysenbeek A.J. Myopathy in Addison's disease. Ann Rheum Dis 46 1 (1987) 81-83
    • (1987) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-83
    • Mor, F.1    Green, P.2    Wysenbeek, A.J.3
  • 108
    • 52649146416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency presenting as an acute neurologic emergency in a peripubertal girl
    • Bremer A.A., Ranadive S., Conrad S.C., et al. Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency presenting as an acute neurologic emergency in a peripubertal girl. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 21 8 (2008) 799-803
    • (2008) J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 799-803
    • Bremer, A.A.1    Ranadive, S.2    Conrad, S.C.3
  • 109
    • 0038054450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency
    • Arlt W., and Allolio B. Adrenal insufficiency. Lancet 361 9372 (2003) 1881-1893
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , Issue.9372 , pp. 1881-1893
    • Arlt, W.1    Allolio, B.2
  • 110
    • 33947170939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal insufficiency: still a cause of morbidity and death in childhood
    • Shulman D.I., Palmert M.R., and Kemp S.F. Adrenal insufficiency: still a cause of morbidity and death in childhood. Pediatrics 119 2 (2007) e484-e494
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , Issue.2
    • Shulman, D.I.1    Palmert, M.R.2    Kemp, S.F.3
  • 111
    • 0342617536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confusion after visiting the radiology department
    • Devendra D., Walker A., MacFarlane I.A., et al. Confusion after visiting the radiology department. Lancet 350 9080 (1997) 780
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , Issue.9080 , pp. 780
    • Devendra, D.1    Walker, A.2    MacFarlane, I.A.3
  • 112
    • 0032806548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome
    • Randeva H.S., Schoebel J., Byrne J., et al. Classical pituitary apoplexy: clinical features, management and outcome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 51 2 (1999) 181-188
    • (1999) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) , vol.51 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-188
    • Randeva, H.S.1    Schoebel, J.2    Byrne, J.3
  • 113
    • 0024558473 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary apoplexy presenting as monocular blindness
    • Noel N.E., and Ruthman J.C. Pituitary apoplexy presenting as monocular blindness. Ann Emerg Med 18 4 (1989) 414-417
    • (1989) Ann Emerg Med , vol.18 , Issue.4 , pp. 414-417
    • Noel, N.E.1    Ruthman, J.C.2
  • 114
    • 0027530190 scopus 로고
    • Pituitary apoplexy: endocrine, surgical and oncological emergency. Incidence, clinical course and treatment with reference to 799 cases of pituitary adenomas
    • Bonicki W., Kasperlik-Zaluska A., Koszewski W., et al. Pituitary apoplexy: endocrine, surgical and oncological emergency. Incidence, clinical course and treatment with reference to 799 cases of pituitary adenomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 120 3-4 (1993) 118-122
    • (1993) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.120 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 118-122
    • Bonicki, W.1    Kasperlik-Zaluska, A.2    Koszewski, W.3
  • 115
    • 0026803246 scopus 로고
    • Twelve cases of pituitary apoplexy
    • Vidal E., Cevallos R., Vidal J., et al. Twelve cases of pituitary apoplexy. Arch Intern Med 152 9 (1992) 1893-1899
    • (1992) Arch Intern Med , vol.152 , Issue.9 , pp. 1893-1899
    • Vidal, E.1    Cevallos, R.2    Vidal, J.3
  • 117
    • 33745660994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status epilepticus caused by a myxoedema coma
    • Jansen H.J., Doebe S.R., Louwerse E.S., et al. Status epilepticus caused by a myxoedema coma. Neth J Med 64 6 (2006) 202-205
    • (2006) Neth J Med , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 202-205
    • Jansen, H.J.1    Doebe, S.R.2    Louwerse, E.S.3
  • 118
    • 0027231145 scopus 로고
    • Life-threatening thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid storm
    • Burch H.B., and Wartofsky L. Life-threatening thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid storm. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 22 2 (1993) 263-277
    • (1993) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-277
    • Burch, H.B.1    Wartofsky, L.2
  • 119
    • 33751338460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm
    • vii
    • Nayak B., and Burman K. Thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 35 4 (2006) 663-686 vii
    • (2006) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 663-686
    • Nayak, B.1    Burman, K.2
  • 120
    • 0032485315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute thyrotoxic neuropathy-Basedow's paraplegia revisited
    • Pandit L., Shankar S.K., Gayathri N., et al. Acute thyrotoxic neuropathy-Basedow's paraplegia revisited. J Neurol Sci 155 2 (1998) 211-214
    • (1998) J Neurol Sci , vol.155 , Issue.2 , pp. 211-214
    • Pandit, L.1    Shankar, S.K.2    Gayathri, N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.