Biochemical composition, energy content and chemical antifeedant and antifoulant defenses of the colonial Antarctic ascidian Distaplia cylindrica

Marine Biology

Volumn 145, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 885-894

  McClintock, J B ^a   Amsler, M O ^a   Amsler, C D ^a   Southworth, K J ^a   Petrie, C ^b   Baker, B J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIFEEDANT; BENTHOS; BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; BIOFOULING; CHEMICAL DEFENSE;

ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; ANTARCTICA; ANVERS ISLAND; ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC; WEST ANTARCTICA; WORLD;

ASCIDIA; ASCIDIACEA; ASTERIAS; ASTEROIDEA; BACILLARIOPHYTA; DISTAPLIA; HOLOZOA CYLINDRICA; ODONTASTER;

EID: 7044226314     PISSN: 00253162     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00227-004-1388-5     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Amsler CD, McClintock JB, Baker BJ (2000a) Chemical defenses of Antarctic marine organisms: a re-evaluation of the latitudinal hypothesis. In: Davison W, Howard-Williams C, Broadey P (eds) Antarctic ecosystems: models for wider ecological understanding. Proceedings of the 7th SCAR international biology symposium. N.Z. Natural Science, Christchurch, New Zealand, pp 158-164
2. Amsler CD, Moeller CB, McClintock JB, Iken KB, Baker BJ (2000b) Chemical defenses against diatom fouling in Antarctic marine sponges. Biofouling 16:29-45
3. Amsler CD, Iken KB, McClintock JB, Baker BJ (2001a) Secondary metabolites from antarctic marine organisms and their ecological implications. In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine chemical ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., pp 267-300
4. Amsler CD, McClintock JB, Baker BJ (2001b) Secondary metabolites as mediators of trophic interactions among antarctic marine organisms. Am Zool 41:17-26
5. Arntz WE, Gutt J, Klages M (1997) Antarctic marine biodiversity: In: Battaglia B, Valenica J, Walton DWH (eds) Antarctic communities: species, structure and survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 3-14
6. Bakus GJ (1981) Chemical defense mechanisms of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Science 211:497-498
7. Bakus GJ, Green G (1974) Toxicity of sponges and holothurians: a geographic pattern. Science 185:951-953
8. Bavestrello G, Arillo A, Calcinai C, Lanza S, Ara M, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Gaino E (2000) Parasitic diatoms inside Antarctic sponges. Biol Bull (Woods Hole) 198:29-33
9. Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248-254
10. Brey T, Rumohr H, Ankar S (1988) Energy content of macrobenthic invertebrates: general conversion factors from weight to energy. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 117:271-278
11. Brody S (1945) Bioenergetics and growth. Hafner, New York
12. Bryan PJ, McClintock JB, Slattery M, Rittschof DP (2003) A comparative study of the non-acidic chemically mediated antifoulant properties of three sympatric species of ascidians associated with seagrass habitats. Biofouling 18:235-245
13. Cerrano C, Arillo A, Bavestrello G, Calcinai B, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Penna A, Sara M, Totti C (2000) Diatom invasion in the antarctic hexactinellid sponge Scolvmastia joubini. Polar Biol 23:441-444
14. Chanas B, Pawlik JR (1995) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. II. Spicules, tissue toughness, and nutritional quality. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 127:195-211
15. Chanas B, Pawlik JR (1996) Does the skeleton of a sponge provide a defense against predatory reef fish? Oecologia 107:225-231
16. Cronin G (2001) Resource allocation in seaweeds and marine invertebrates: chemical defense patterns in relation to defense theories. In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine chemical ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., pp 325-354
17. Davis AR (1991) Alkaloids and ascidian chemical defense: evidence for the ecological role of natural products from Eudistoma olivaceum. Mar Biol 111:375-379
18. Davis AR, Wright AE (1989) Interspecific differences in fouling of two congeneric ascidians (Eudistoma olivaceum and E. capsulatum): is surface acidity an effective defense? Mar Biol 102:491-497
19. Dayton PK, Robilliard GA, DeVries AL (1969) Anchor ice formation in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica and its biological effects. Science 163:273-274
20. Dayton PK, Robilliard GA, Paine RT, Dayton LB (1974) Biological accommodation in the benthic community at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Ecol Monogr 44:105-128
21. Dayton PK, Mordida BJ, Bacon F (1994) Polar marine communities. Am Zool 34:90-100
22. Dearborn JH (1977) Foods and feeding characteristics of antarctic asteroids and ophioroids. In: Llano GA (ed) Adaptations with antarctic ecosystems. Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, pp 293-326
23. Dell RK (1972) Antarctic benthos. Adv Mar Biol 10:1-216
24. Dubois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PA, Smith R (1953) Colorimetric determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28:350-356
25. Eastman J (1994) Antarctic fish biology. Academic, San Diego
26. Faulkner DJ (2000) Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 1:7-55
27. Freeman NK, Lindgren FT, Ng YC, Nichols AV (1957) Infrared spectra of some lipoproteins and related lipids. J Biol Chem 203:293-304
28. Furrow FB, Amlser CD, McClintock JB, Baker BJ (2003) Surface sequestration of chemical feeding deterrents in the Antarctic sponge Latrunculia apicalis as an optimal defense against sea star spongivory. Mar Biol 143:443-449
29. Green G (1977) Ecology of toxicity in marine sponges. Mar Biol 40:207-215
30. Hay ME, Kappel QE, Fenical W (1994) Synergisms in plant defenses against herbivores: interactions of chemistry, calcification, and plant quality. Ecology 75:1714-1726
31. Heine JN, McClintock JB, Slattery M, Weston J (1991) Energetic composition, biomass, and chemical defense in the common antarctic nemertean Parborlasia corrugatus McIntosh. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 153:15-25
32. Hirose E (1999) Pigmentation and acid storage in the tunic: protective functions of the tunic cells in the tropical ascidian Phallusia nigra. Invertebr Biol 118:414-422
33. Koh LL, Goh NKC, Chou LM, Tan YW (2000) Chemical and physical defenses of Singapore gorgonians (Octocorallia: Gorgonacea). J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 251:103-115
34. Kott P (1969) Antarctic Ascidiacea. Antarct Res Ser 13:1-239
35. Kott P (1989) Form and function in the Ascidiacea. Bull Mar Sci 45:253-276
36. Kowalke J, Tatian M, Sahade R, Arntz W (2001) Production and respiration of Antarctic ascidians. Polar Biol 24:663-669
37. Kühne S (1997) Solitäre Ascidien in der Potter Cove (King George Island, Antarktis), ihre ökologische Bedeutung und Populationsdynamik. Rep Polar Res 252:1-153
38. Lambert G (1979) Early post-metamorphic growth, budding and spicule formation in the compound ascidian Cystodes lobatus. Biol Bull (Woods Hole) 157:464-477
39. Lawrence JM (1973) Level, content, and caloric equivalents of the lipid, carbohydrate and protein in the body components of Luidia clathrata (Echinodermata: Asteroidea: Platyasterida) in Tampa Bay. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 11:263-274
40. Lindquist N, Hay ME, Fenical W (1992) Defense of ascidians and their conspicuous larvae: adult vs larval chemical defenses. Ecol Monogr 62:547-568
41. Mahon AR, Amsler CD, McClintock JB, Amsler MO, Baker BJ (2003) Tissue-specific palatability and chemical defenses against macropredators and pathogens in the common articulate brachiopod Liothyrella uva from the Antarctic Peninsula. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 290:197-210
42. McClintock JB (1987) Investigation of the relationship between invertebrate predation and biochemical composition, energy content, spicule armament and toxicity of benthic sponges at McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. Mar Biol 94:479-487
43. McClintock JB (1994) The trophic biology of antarctic echinoderms. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 111:191-202
44. McClintock JB. Baker BJ (1997a) A review of the chemical ecology of antarctic marine invertebrates. Am Zool 37:329-342
45. McClintock JB, Baker BJ (1997b) Palatability and chemical defenses in the eggs, embryos, and larvae of shallow-water antarctic marine invertebrates. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 154:121-131
46. McClintock JB. Baker BJ (2001) Marine chemical ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., USA
47. McClintock JB, Pearse JS, Bosch I (1988) Population structure and energetics of the shallow-water antarctic seastar Odontaster validus in contrasting habitats. Mar Biol 99:235-246
48. McClintock JB, Heine J, Slattery M, Weston J (1991) Biochemical and energetic composition, population biology, and chemical defense of the antarctic ascidian Cnemidocarpa verrucosa Lesson. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 147:163-175
49. McClintock JB, Slattery M, Thayer CW (1993) Energy content and chemical defense of the articulate brachiopod Liothyrella uva from the Antarctic Peninsula. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 169:103-116
50. McClintock JB, Baker BJ, Steinberg DK (2001) The chemical ecology of holoplankton and meroplankton. In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine chemical ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., pp 195-226
51. Millar RH (1971) The biology of ascidians. Adv Mar Biol 9:1-100
52. Moeller CB (1998) Aspects of the chemical ecology of Antarctic marine sponges. MS thesis, University of Alabama, Birmingham
53. Monteiro SM, Chapman MG, Underwood AJ (2002) Patches of the ascidian Pyura stolonifera (Heller, 1878): structure of habitat and associated intertidal assemblages. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 270:171-189
54. Paine RT (1964) Ash and calorie determinations of sponge and opisthobranch tissue. Ecology 45:384-387
55. Paine RT (1971) The measurement and application of the calorie to ecological problems. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 2:145-164
56. Parry DL (1984) Chemical properties of the test of ascidians in relation to predation. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 17:279-282
57. Paul VJ (1992) Ecological role of marine natural products. Cornstock, London
58. Paul VJ, Lindquist N, Fenical W (1990) Chemical defense of the tropical ascidian Atapazoa sp. and its nudibranch predators Nembrotha spp. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 59:109-118
59. Pawlik JR (1993) Marine invertebrate chemical defenses. Chem Rev 93:1911-1922
60. Pawlik JR, Chanas B, Tooner RJ, Fenical W (1995) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against predatory reef fish. I. Chemical deterrency. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 127:183-194
61. Peterson JK, Schou O, Thor P (1995) Growth and energetics in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 120:175-184
62. Pisut DP, Pawlik JR (2002) Anti-predatory chemical defenses of ascidians: secondary metabolites or inorganic acids? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 270:203-214
63. Puglisi MP, Paul VJ, Biggs J, Slattery M (2002) Co-occurrence of chemical and structural defenses in the gorgonian corals of Guam. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 239:105-114
64. Rhoades D (1979) Evolution of plant defenses against herbivores. In: Rosenthal GA, Janzen DH (eds) Herbivores. Academic, New York, pp 4-54
65. Slattery M, McClintock JB (1995) Population structure and feeding deterrence in three shallow-water Antarctic soft corals. Mar Biol 122:461-470
66. Slattery M, McClintock JB, Heine JN (1995) Chemical defenses in antarctic soft corals: evidence for antifouling compounds. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 190:61-77
67. Sluiter CP (1906) Tuniciers. Expedition antarctique francaise 1903-1905, vol 6. pp 1-48
68. Smith MJ, Dehnel PA (1970) The chemical and enzymatic analyses of the tunic of the ascidian Halocynthia aurantium (Pallas). Comp Biochem Physiol 35:17-30
69. Sokal RR, Rohlf FJ (1995) Biometry. Freeman, New York
70. Stoecker D (1978) Resistance of a tunicate to fouling. Biol Bull (Woods Hole) 155:615-626
71. Stoecker D (1980a) Chemical defenses of ascidians against predators. Ecology 61:1327-1334
72. Stoecker D (1980b) Relationship between chemical defense and ecology in benthic ascidians. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 3:257-265
73. Stoecker D (1980c) Distribution of acid and vanadium in Rhopalaea birkeland Tokioka. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 48:277-281
74. Targett TE (1981) Trophic ecology and structure of coastal antarctic fish communities. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 4:243-263
75. Tarjuelo I, Lopez-Lengentil S, Codina M, Turon X (2002) Defence mechanisms of adults and larvae of colonial ascidians: patterns of palatability and toxicity. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 235:103-115
76. Tatian M, Sahade R, Doucet ME, Esnal GB (1998a) Some aspects of antarctic ascidians (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of Potter Cove, King George Island. Ber Polarforsh 299:113-118
77. Tatian M, Sahade R, Doucet ME, Esnal GB (1998b) Ascidians (Tunicata, Ascidiacea) of Potter Cove, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Antarct Sci 10:147-152
78. Teo SL-M, Ryland JS (1994) Toxicity and palatability of some British ascidians. Mar Biol 120:297-303
79. Teo SL-M, Ryland JS (1995) Potential antifouling mechanisms using toxic chemicals in some British ascidians. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 188:49-62
80. Tugwell S, Branch GM (1989) Differential polyphenolic distribution among tissues in the kelps Eklonia maxima, Laminaria pallida and Macrocystis augustifolia in relation to plant-defense theory. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 129:219-230
81. van Alstyne KL, Wylie CR, Paul VJ (1994) Antipredator defenses in tropical Pacific soft corals (Coelenterata: Alcyonacea). II. The relative importance of chemical and structural defenses in three species of Sinularia. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 178:17-34
82. Vervoort HC, Pawlik JR, Fenical W (1998) Chemical defense of the Caribbean ascidian Didemnum conchyliatum. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 164:221-228
83. Wacasey JW, Atkinson EG (1987) Energy values of marine benthic invertebrates from the Canadian Arctic. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 39:243-250
84. Waddell B, Pawlik JR (2000a) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against invertebrate predators. I. Assays with hermit crabs. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 195:125-132
85. Waddell B, Pawlik JR (2000b) Defenses of Caribbean sponges against invertebrate predators. II. Assays with sea stars. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 195:133-144
86. Young CM (1986) Defenses and refuges: alternative mechanisms of coexistence between a predatory gastropod and its ascidian prey. Mar Biol 91:513-522
87. Young DN, Howard BM, Fenical W (1980) Subcellular localization of brominated secondary metabolites in the red alga Laurencia synderae. J Phycol 16:182-185