Way finding during fire evacuation; an analysis of unannounced fire drills in a hotel at night

Building and Environment

Volumn 45, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 537-548

  Kobes, Margrethe ^a,b   Helsloot, Ira ^b   de Vries, Bauke ^c   Post, Jos G ^a   Oberijé, Nancy ^a   Groenewegen, Karin ^a  

^a Netherlands Institute for Safety   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Building design; Experimental research; Fire evacuation; Human behaviour; Way finding

Indexed keywords

BUILDING DESIGN; EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH; FIRE EVACUATION; HUMAN BEHAVIOUR; WAY FINDING;

BUILDINGS; CEMENTS; DRILLS; FIRES; SMOKE; SOCIAL SCIENCES;

EXPERIMENTS;

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN; BUILDING; DECISION MAKING; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; FIRE; HUMAN BEHAVIOR;

EID: 70350597705     PISSN: 03601323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.07.004     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Kobes M. Zelfredzaamheid bij brand. Kritische factoren voor het veilig vluchten uit gebouwen (Fire response performance. The critical factors for a safe escape out of buildings) (2008), Boom Juridische Uitgevers, Den Haag, The Netherlands
2. Purser D.A., and Bensilum M. Quantification of behaviour for engineering design standards and escape time calculations. Safety Science 38 (2001) 157-182
3. Pires T.T. An approach for modeling human cognitive behavior in evacuation models. Fire Safety Journal 40 (2005) 177-189
4. Sime J.D. Accidents and disasters: vulnerability in the built environment. Safety Science 14 (1991) 109-124
5. Sime J.D. An occupant response shelter escape time (ORSET) model. Safety Science 38 (2001) 109-125
6. Groner N.E. Intentional systems representations are useful alternatives to physical systems representations of fire-related human behavior. Safety Science 38 (2001) 85-94
7. O'Connor D.J. Integrating human behaviour factors into design. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering 28 (2005) 8-20
8. Frantzich H. A model for performance-based design of escape routes (1994), Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University, Sweden
9. Sime J.D. Crowd psychology and engineering. Safety Science 21 (1995) 1-14
10. Bryan J.L. A selected historical review of human behavior in fire. Journal of Fire Protection Engineering 16 (2002) 4-10
11. Proulx G. Occupant behaviour and evacuation. In: Proceedings of the 9th international fire protection symposium, Munich; May 25-26, 2001. p. 219-32.
12. Raubal M., and Egenhofer M.J. Comparing the complexity of way finding tasks in built environments. Environment & Planning B 25 (1998) 895-913
13. Johnson C.W. Lessons from the evacuation of the world trade centre, 9/11 2001 for the development of computer-based simulations. Cognition, Technology and Work 7 (2005) 214-240
14. Ouellette M.J. Visibility of exit signs. Progressive Architecture 74 7 (1993) 39-42
15. Graham T.L., and Roberts D.J. Qualitative overview of some important factors affecting the egress of people in hotel fires. Hospitality Management 19 (2000) 79-87
16. Sandberg A. Unannounced evacuation of large retail-stores. An evaluation of human behaviour and the computer model Simulex (1997), Lund University, Sweden
17. Benthorn L., and Frantzich H. Fire alarm in a public building: how do people evaluate information and choose evacuation exit? (1996), Department of Fire Safety Engineering, Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University, Sweden
18. Fahy RF, Proulx G. Toward creating a database on delay times to start evacuation and walking speeds for use in evacuation modelling. In: 2nd international symposium on human behaviour in fire, Boston; 2001. p. 175-83.
19. Jin T. Visibility and human behavior in fire smoke. SFPE handbook of fire protection engineering. 3rd ed. (2002), National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA
20. Gwynne S., Galea E.R., Lawrence P.J., and Filippidis L. Modelling occupant interaction with fire conditions using the building EXODUS evacuation model. Fire Safety Journal 36 (2001) 327-357
21. Isobe M., Helbing D., and Nagatani T. Many-particle simulation of the evacuation process from a room without visibility. Physical Review E 69 (2004)
22. Nagai R., Nagatani T., Isobe M., and Adachi T. Effect of exit configuration on evacuation of a room without visibility. Physica A 343 (2004) 712-724
23. Sime J.D. Affiliative behaviour during escape to building exits. Journal of Environmental Psychology 3 (1983) 21-41
24. Proulx G., and Richardson J.K. The human factor: building designers often forget how important the reactions of the human occupants are when they specify fire and life safety systems. Canadian Consulting Engineer 43 (2002) 35-36
25. Pauls J. The movement of people in buildings and design solutions for means of egress. Fire Technology 20 (1984) 27-47
26. Proulx G. Why building occupants ignore fire alarms. construction technology update 42 (2000), IRC-NRCC, Ottawa
27. Kobes M., Helsloot I., Vries B.d., Oberijé N., and Rosmuller N. Fire response performance in a hotel: behavioural research. 11th international fire science and engineering conference. Interflam 2007, conference proceedings vol. 2 (2007), Interscience, London p. 1429-34