Frequency of isolation of various subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella from urban slums of Karachi, Pakistan

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 13, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 668-672

  Zafar, Afia ^a   Hasan, Rumina ^a   Nizami, Shaikh Qamaruddin ^a   von Seidlein, Lorenz ^b   Soofi, Sajid ^a   Ahsan, Tanwir ^a   Chandio, Saeeda ^a   Habib, Atif ^a   Bhutto, Naveed ^a   Siddiqui, Fahad J ^a   Rizvi, Arjumand ^a   Clemens, John D ^b   Bhutta, Zulfiqar A ^a  

^a AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY   (Pakistan)

^b International Vaccine Institute   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Antimicrobial resistance; Multi drug resistance; Shigella subtypes; Species distribution

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; AMPICILLIN; CEFTRIAXONE; CHLORAMPHENICOL; COTRIMOXAZOLE; NALIDIXIC ACID; OFLOXACIN;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM ISOLATE; BACTERIUM ISOLATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIARRHEA; DISEASE SURVEILLANCE; FECES ANALYSIS; HUMAN; INFECTION RATE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NONHUMAN; PAKISTAN; POVERTY; SHIGELLA; SHIGELLA BOYDII; SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE; SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; SHIGELLA SONNEI; SHIGELLOSIS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; STRAIN DIFFERENCE; URBAN AREA;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; DYSENTERY, BACILLARY; FECES; HUMANS; MICROBIAL SENSITIVITY TESTS; PAKISTAN; SEROTYPING; SHIGELLA; SPECIES SPECIFICITY; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 70350571207     PISSN: 12019712     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.10.005     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the control of shigellosis, including epidemics due to Shigella dysenteriae type 1. Geneva: WHO; 2005. Available at: http://www.who.int/child_adolescent_health/documents/9241592330/en/.(accessed December 2008).
2. World Health Organization. Global strategy for containment of antimicrobial resistance. WHO/CDS/CSR/DRS/2001.2a. Geneva: WHO; 2001. Available at: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/WHO%20Global%20Strategy%20-%20Executive%20Summary%20-%20English%20version.pdf (accessed December 2008).
3. von Seidlein L., Kim D.R., Ali M., Lee H., Wang X., Thiem V.D., et al. A multicenter study of Shigella diarrhea in six Asian countries: disease burden, clinical manifestation, and microbiology. PLoS Med 3 (2006) e353
4. Houang E.T., Chu Y.W., Ng T.K., and Cheng A.F. Study of the relatedness of isolates Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei obtained in 1986 and 1987 and in 1994 and 1995 from Hong Kong. J Clin Microbiol 36 (1998) 2404-2407
5. Maurelli A.T., Lampel K.A., Hui Y.H., Pierson M.D., and Gorham J.R. Foodborne disease handbook. Vol. 1. Bacterial pathogens. 2nd ed (2001), Dekker, New York p. 323-43
6. Kotloff K.L., Winickoff J.P., Ivanoff B., Clemens J.D., Swerdlow D.L., Sansonetti P.J., et al. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull World Health Organ 77 (1999) 651-666
7. Rasolofo-Razanamparany V., Cassel-Beraud A.M., Roux J., Sansonetti P.J., and Phalipon A. Predominance of serotype-specific mucosal antibody response in Shigella flexneri infected humans living in an area of endemicity. Infect Immunol 69 (2001) 5230-5234
8. Fontaine A., Arondel J., and Sansonetti P.J. Construction and evaluation of live attenuated vaccine strains of Shigella flexneri and Shigella dysenteriae. Res Microbiol 141 (1990) 907-912
9. Robin G., Keisari Y., Slepon R., Ashkenazi S., and Cohen D. Quantitative analysis of IgG class and subclass and IgA serum response to Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri 2a polysaccharides following vaccination with Shigella conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 6 (1999) 3109-3115
10. Oaks E.V., and Turbyfill K.R. Development and evaluation of a Shigella flexneri 2a and S. sonnei bivalent invasin complex (Invaplex) vaccine. Vaccine 20 (2006) 2290-2301
11. Kansakar P., Malla S., and Ghimire G.R. Shigella isolates of Nepal: changes in the incidence of Shigella subgroups and trends of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 5 (2007) 32-37
12. Sivapalasingam S., Nelson J.M., Joyce, Hoekstra M., Angulo F.J., and Mintz E.D. High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates in the United States tested by the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System from 1999 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50 (2006) 49-54
13. Kuo C.Y., Su L.H., Perera J., Carlos C., Tan B.H., Kumarasinghe G., et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella isolates in eight Asian countries, 2001-2004. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 41 (2008) 107-111
14. Sire J.M., Macondo E.A., Perrier-Gros-Claude J.D., Siby T., Bahsoun I., Seck A., et al. Antimicrobial resistance in Shigella species isolated in Dakar, Senegal (2004-2006). Jpn J Infect Dis 61 (2008) 307-309
15. Djie-Maletz A., Reither K., Danour S., Anyidoho L., Saad E., Danikuu F., et al. High rate of resistance to locally used antibiotics among enteric bacteria from children in Northern Ghana. J Antimicrob Chemother 61 (2008) 1315-1318
16. Taneja N. Changing epidemiology of shigellosis and emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Shigellae in India. J Clin Microbiol 45 (2007) 678-679
17. Bhattacharya S., Khanal B., Bhattaarai N.R., and Das M.L. Prevalence of Shigella species and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in eastern Nepal. J Health Popul Nutr 23 (2005) 339-342
18. Pazhani G.P., Ramamurthy T., Mitra U., Bhattacharya S.K., and Niyogi S.K. Species diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species isolated between 2001 and 2004 from hospitalized children with diarrhoea in Kolkata (Calcutta) India. Epidemiol Infect 133 (2005) 1089-1095
19. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility testing. Document M2-A8. 8th ed. Wayne, PA: National Committee on Clinical Laboratory Standards; 2003, p. 2-16.
20. Coimbra R.S., Lenormand P., Grimont F., Bouvet P., Matsushita S., and Grimont P.A. Molecular and phenotypic characterization of potentially new Shigella dysenteriae serotype. J Clin Microbiol 39 (2001) 618-621
21. Dutta S., Dutta P., Matsushita S., Bhattacharya S.K., and Yoshida S. Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, Kolkata, India. Emerg Infect Dis 9 (2003) 1471-1474
22. Talukder K.A., Khajanchi B.K., Islam M.A., Dutta D.K., Islam Z., Safa A., et al. Genetic relatedness of ciprofloxacin-resistant Shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated in south Asia. J Antimicrob Chemother 54 (2004) 730-734
23. Woodward D.L., Clark C.G., Caldeira R.A., Ahmed R., Soule G., Bryden L., et al. Identification and characterization of Shigella boydii 20 serovar nov., a new emerging Shigella serotype. J Med Microbiol 54 (2005) 741-748
24. Grimont F., Lejay-Collin M., Talukder K.A., Carle I., Issenhuth S., LeRoux, et al. Identification of a group of Shigella-like isolates as Shigella boydii 20. J Med Microbiol 56 (2007) 749-754
25. Talukdar K.A., Islam Z., Islam M.A., Dutta D.K., Safa A., Ansaruzzaman M., et al. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of provisional serotype Shigella flexneri 1c and colonal relationships with 1a and 1b strains isolated in Bangladesh. J Clin Microbiol 41 (2003) 110-117
26. Hossain M.A., Rahman M., Ahmed Q.S., Malek M.A., Sack R.B., and Albert M.J. Increasing frequency of mecillinam-resistant Shigella isolates in urban Dhaka and rural Matlab, Bangladesh: a six years observation. J Antimicrob Chemother 42 (1998) 99-102
27. Naik D.G. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella species in Asmara, Eritrea, northeast Africa. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 39 (2006) 392-395
28. Ardalan K.M., Zali M.R., Dallal M.M., Hemami M.R., and Ahrabi S.S. Prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species among patients with acute diarrhoea in Karaj, Tehran, Iran. J Health Popul Nutr 21 (2003) 96-102
29. Khalil K., Khan S.R., Mazhar K., Kauser B., and Lindblom G. Occurrence and susceptibility to antibiotics of Shigella species in stools of hospitalized children with bloody diarrhoea. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 (1998) 800-803
30. Ahmed K., Shakoori F.R., and Shakoori A.R. Aetiology of shigellosis in northern Pakistan. J Health Popul Nutr 21 (2003) 32-39
31. Ashkenazi S., May-Zahav M., Sulkes J., Zilberberg R., and Samara Z. Increasing antimicrobial resistance of Shigella isolates in Israel during 1984-1992. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39 (1995) 819-823
32. Talukder K.A., Islam Z., Dutta D.K., Islam M.A., Bijay K.K., Ishrat J.A., et al. Antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity of Shigella sonnei isolated from patients with diarrhea between 1999 and 2003 in Bangladesh. J Clin Microbiol 55 (2006) 1257-1263
33. Fulla N., Prado V., Dur'N C., Lagos R., and Levine M. Surveillance for antimicrobial resistance profile among Shigella species isolated from a semirural community in the northern administrative area of Santiago, Chile. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72 (2005) 851-854
34. Yiu-Wai C., Houang E.T., Lyon D.J., Ling J.M., Ng T.K., and Cheng F.B. Antimicrobial resistance in Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei in Hong Kong 1986-1995. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42 (1998) 440-443
35. Isenbarger D.W., Hoge C.W., and Chittima P.S. Comparative antibiotic resistance of diarrheal pathogens from Vietnam and Thailand, 1996-1999. Emerg Infect Dis 8 (2002) 2
36. Wang X., Du L., Seidlein L.V., Xu Z.Y., Zhang Y.L., Hao Z.Y., et al. Occurrence of shigellosis in the young and elderly in rural China: results of a 12 month population based surveillance study. Am J Trop Hyg 73 (2005) 416-422
37. Prado V., Lagos R., Nataro J.P., Martin O.S., Arellano C., Wang J.Y., et al. Population-based study of the incidence of Shigella diarrhea and causative serotypes in Santiago, Chile. Pediatric Infect Dis J 18 (1999) 500-505
38. Sonowala M., Saraswathi K., and Deodar L.P. Serogroup prevalence of Shigella in Bombay. J Postgrad Med 41 (1995) 104-106