Optimal insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 361, Issue 18, 2009, Pages 1801-1803

  Michael, Roden ^a,b  

^a LEIBNIZ CENTER FOR DIABETES RESEARCH AT HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY DÜSSELDORF   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL DÜSSELDORF   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIPHASIC INSULIN; GLUCOSE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; INSULIN GLARGINE; LONG ACTING INSULIN;

CLINICAL TRIAL; EDITORIAL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HUMAN; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN;

EID: 70350534271     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe0908706     Document Type: Editorial

References (15)

1. Krssak M, Brehm A, Bernroider E, et al. Alterations in postprandial hepatic glycogen metabolism in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2004;53:3048-3056 (Pubitemid 39564478)
2. Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, et al. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009;360:129-39. [Errata, N Engl J Med 2009;361:1024-5, 1028.]
3. Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, et al. Medical management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetologia 2009;52:17-30.
4. Lasserson DS, Glasziou P, Perera R, Holman RR, Farmer AJ. Optimal insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analyses. Diabetologia 2009;52:1990-2000.
5. Holman RR, Thorne KI, Farmer AJ, et al. Addition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2007;357:1716-1730 (Pubitemid 350005153)
6. Bretzel RG, Nuber U, Landgraf W, Owens DR, Bradley C, Linn T. Once-daily basal insulin glargine versus thrice-daily prandial insulin lispro in people with type 2 diabetes on oral hypoglycaemic agents (APOLLO): an open randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008;371:1073-1084 [Erratum, Lancet 2008;372:718.]
7. Hollander P, Cooper J, Bregnhøj J, Pedersen CB. A 52-week, multinational, open-label, parallel-group, noninferiority, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with insulin glargine in a basal-bolus regimen with mealtime insulin aspart in patients with type 2 diabetes. Clin Ther 2008;30:1976-1987
8. Holman RR, Farmer AJ, Davies MJ, et al. Three-year efficacy of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes. N Engl Med 2009;361:1736-1747
9. Weinstein D, Simon M, Yehezkel E, Laron Z, Werner H. Insulin analogues display IGF-I-like mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities in cultured cancer cells. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2009;25:41-49
10. Szendroedi J, Schmid AI, Chmelik M, et al. Muscle mitochondrial ATP synthesis and glucose transport/phosphorylation in type 2 diabetes. PLoS Med 2007;4(5):e154. (Pubitemid 46842577)
11. Lachin JM, Genuth S, Nathan DM, Zinman B, Rutledge BN. Effect of glycemic exposure on the risk of microvascular complications in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial - revisited. Diabetes 2008;57:995-1001.
12. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, Matthews DR, Neil HA. 10-Year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1577-1589
13. Raz I, Wilson PWF, Strojek K, et al. Effects of prandial versus fasting glycemia on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: the HEART2D trial. Diabetes Care 2009;32:381-386
14. Gaede P, Lund-Andersen H, Parving HH, Pedersen O. Effect of a multifactorial intervention on mortality in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008;358:580-591 (Pubitemid 351214285)
15. Weng J, Li Y, Xu W, et al. Effect of intensive insulin therapy on beta-cell function and glycaemic control in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a multicentre randomised parallel-group trial. Lancet 2008;371:1753-1760 (Pubitemid 351697950)