Motor vehicle occupant injury and related hospital expenditures in children aged 3 years to 8 years covered versus uncovered

Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and Critical Care

Volumn 67, Issue SUPPL.1, 2009, Pages

  Pressley, Joyce C ^a   Trieu, Lisa ^b   Barlow, Barbara ^c   Kendig, Tiffany ^d  

^a Division of Epidemiology Human Genetics Environmental Sciences   (United States)

^b Health Policy and Management   (United States)

^c Department of Medicine   (United States)

^d Harlem Hospital ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

Disparities; Expenditures; Legislation; Motor vehicle occupant injury; Young children

Indexed keywords

CHILD; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA BASE; HOSPITAL RUNNING COST; HUMAN; LAW; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SOCIOECONOMICS; TRAFFIC; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; UNITED STATES; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; ECONOMICS; EQUIPMENT; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH DISPARITY; INJURY; STANDARD;

ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HUMANS; INFANT EQUIPMENT; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 70350455508     PISSN: 00225282     EISSN: 15298809     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181951a90     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (48)

1. Winston FK, Chen IG, Elliott MR, Arbogast KB, Durbin DR. Recent trends in child restraint practices in the United States. Pediatrics. 2004;113:e458-e464.
2. Phelan KJ, Khoury J, Gossman DC, et al. Pediatric motor vehicle related injuries in the Navajo Nation: the impact of the 1988 child occupant restraint laws Inj Prev. 2002;8:216-220.
3. Arbogast KB, Kallan MJ, Durbin DR. Effectiveness of high back and backless belt-positioning booster seats in side impact crashes. Ann Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med Conf. 2005;49:201-213.
4. Durbin DR, Chen I, Smith R, Elliott MR, Winston FK. Effects of seating position and appropriate restraint use on the risk of injury to children in motor vehicle crashes. Pediatrics. 005;115:e305-e309.
5. Weber K. Crash protection for child passengers: a review of best practice. UMTRI Res Rev. 2000;31:1-27.
6. Nance ML, Lutz N, Arbogast KB, et al. Optimal restraint reduces the risk of abdominal injury in children involved in motor vehicle crashes. Ann Surg. 2004;239:127-131. (Pubitemid 38176382)
7. Daniels F, Moore W, Conti C, et al. The role of the African-American physician in reducing traffic-related injury and death among African Americans: consensus report of the National Medical Association. J Natl Med Assoc. 2002;94:108-118.
8. Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety. Booster Seat Law Chart, February 24, 2007. Available at: http://www.saferoads.org/issues/BoosterSeatLawChart.pdf. Accessed November 16, 2007.
9. Durbin DR, Kallan MJ, Winston FK. Trends in booster seat use among young children in crashes. Pediatrics. 2001;108:E109.
10. Apsler R, Formica SW, Rosenthal AF, Robinson K. Increases in booster seat use among children of low income families and variation with age. Inj Prev. 2003;9:322-325.
11. Durbin DR, Elliott MR, Winston FK. Belt-positioning booster seats and reduction in risk of injury among children in vehicle crashes. JAMA. 2003;289:2835-2840.
12. Winston FK, Chen IG, Arbogast KB, Elliott MR, Durbin DR. Shifts in child restrain use according to child weight in the United States from 1999 to 2002. Ann Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med Conf. 2003;47:313-328.
13. Winston FK, Kallan MJ, Elliott MR, Xie D, Durbin DR. Effect of booster seat laws on appropriate restraint use by children 4 to 7 years old involved in crashes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:270-275.
14. HCUP Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 2000 and 2003. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 2000 and 2003. Available at: www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/kidoverview.jsp.
15. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System. Washington, DC: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Available at: http://www.cdc. gov/ncipc/wisqars/default.htm. Accessed November 1, 2007.
16. U. S. Census Bureau. Available at: http://www.census.gov/.
17. Meredith JW, Kilgo PD, Osler TM. Independently derived survival risk ratios yield better estimates of survival than traditional survival risk ratios when using the ICISS. J Trauma. 2003;55:933-938.
18. Rutledge R, Osler T, Emery S, Kromhout-Schiro S. The end of the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS): ICISS, an International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision-based prediction tool, outperforms both ISS and TRISS as predictors of trauma patient survival, hospital charges, and hospital length of stay. J Trauma. 1998;44:41-49. (Pubitemid 28095819)
19. SAS Institute Inc. (2004). SAS/STAT 9.1 User's Guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc. Available at: http://support.sas.com/documentation/onlinedoc/ 91pdf/sasdoc-91/-stat-ug-7313.pdf. Accessed November 1, 2007.
20. Howard A, Beben N, Rothman L, Fiissel D, MacArthur C. Evaluation of Safe Kids Week 2004: age 4 to 9? It's booster seat time! Inj Prev. 2006;12:316-319.
21. Quinones-Hinojosa A, Jun. P, Manley GT, Knudson MM, Gupta N. Airbag deployment and improperly restrained children: a lethal combination. J Trauma. 2005;59:729-733.
22. Lapidus JA, Smith NH, Ebel BE, Romero FC. Restraint use among northwest American Indian children traveling in motor vehicles. Am J Pub Health. 2005;95:1982-1988.
23. Eby DW, Bingham CR, Vivoda JM, Ragunathan T. Use of booster seats by Michigan children 4-8 years of age. Accid Anal Prev. 2005;37:1153-1161.
24. Staunton C, Davidson S, Kegler S, Dawson L, Powell K, Dellinger A. Critical gaps in child passenger safety practices, surveillance, and legislation: Georgia, 2001. Pediatrics. 2005;115:372-379.
25. Gittelman MA, Pomerantz WJ, Laurence S. An emergency department intervention to increase booster seat use for lower socioeconomic families. Acad Emerg Med. 2006;13:396-400.
26. Ebel BE, Coronado GD, Thompson B, et al. Children passenger safety behaviors in Latino communities. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2006;17:358-373.
27. Winston FK, Chen IG, Smith R, Elliott MR. Parent driver characteristics associated with sub-optimal restrain of child passengers. Traffic Inj Prev. 2006;7:373-380.
28. Gunn VL, Phillippi RM, Cooper WO. Improvement in booster seat use in Tennessee. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e131-e136.
29. Agran PF, Anderson CL, Winn DG. Violators of child passenger safety law. Pediatrics. 2004;114:109-115.
30. Funk DL, MeErlean M, Verdile VP. Parental report of child restrain devise use in an emergency department population. J Emerg Med. 2003;24:247-251.
31. Chang BA, Ebel BE, Rivara FP. Child passenger safety: potential impact of the Washington State booster seat law on childcare centers. Inj Prev. 2002;8:284-288.
32. Ebel BE, Koepsell TD, Bennett EE, Rivara FP. Too small for a seatbelt: predictors of booster seat use by child passengers. Pediatrics. 2003;111:e323-e327.
33. Lee JW, Fitzgerald K, Ebel BE. Lessons for increasing awareness and use of booster seats in a Latino community. Inj Prev. 2003;9:268-269.
34. Ehiri JE, Ejere HO, Hazen AE, Emusu D, King WD, Osberg SJ. Interventions to increase children's booster seat use: a review. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31:185-192.
35. Pierce SE, Mundt MP, Peterson NM, Katcher ML. Improving awareness and use of booster seats in Head Start families. WMJ. 2005;104:46-51.
36. Decina LE, Lococo KH. Children restrain system use and misuse in six states. Accid Anal Prev. 2005;37:583-590.
37. Smith ML, Berger LR. Assessing community child passenger safety efforts in three Northwest Tribes. Inj Prev. 2002;8:289-292.
38. Winston FK, Durbin DR, Kallan MJ, Moll EK. The danger of premature graduation to seat belts for young children. Pediatrics. 2000;105:1179-1183.
39. Winston FK, Durbin DR. Buckle up! Is not enough: enhancing protection of the restrained child. JAMA. 1999;281:2070-2072.
40. Sherwood CP, Gopalan S, Abdelilah Y, Marshall RJ, Crandall JR. Vehicle interior interactions and kinematics of rear facing child restraints in frontal crashes. Ann Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med Conf. 2005;49:214-228.
41. Arbogast KB, Ghati Y, Menon RA, Tylko S, Tamborra N, Morgan RM. Field investigation of children restraints in side impact crashes. Traffic Inj Prev. 2005;6:351-360.
42. Huot M, Brown J, Kelly P, Bilston LE. Effectiveness of high back belt positioning booster seats in side impacts. Traffic Inj Prev. 2005;6:147-155.
43. Sances A Jr, Kumaresan S, Clarke R, Renfroe D, Herbst B, Pozzi M. Biomechanical analysis of motor vehicle seat belt buckles. Biomed Sci Instrum. 2003;39:224-228. (Pubitemid 36433432)
44. Committee on Injury and Poison Prevention. American Academy of Pediatrics. Selecting and using the most appropriate car safety seats for growing children: guidelines for counseling parents. Pediatrics. 2002;109:550-553.
45. Trifiletti LB, Shields W, Bishal D, McDonald E, Reynaud F, Gielen A. Tipping the scales: obese children and child safety seats. Pediatrics. 2006;117:1197-1202.
46. Teret SP, Jones AS, Williams AF, Wells JK. Child restraint laws: an analysis of gaps in coverage. Am J Pub Health. 1986;76:31-34.
47. Bingham CR, Eby DW, Hockanson HM, Greenspan AI. Factors influencing the use of booster seats: a state-wide survey of parents. Accid Anal Prev. 2006;38:1028-1037.
48. Miller TR, Zaloshnja E, Hendrie D. Cost-outcome analysis of booster seats for auto occupants aged 4 to 7 years. Pediatrics. 2006;118:1994-1998.