메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 137, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 2263-2285

Impacts of soil heating condition on precipitation simulations in the weather research and forecasting model

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; ENERGY STATUS; EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR MEDIUM-RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS; HEAVY RAINS; HORIZONTAL GRADIENTS; INITIAL TIME; LAND SURFACE MODELS; LOW LEVEL JET; LOWER BOUNDARY; LOWER BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; MOISTURE FLUXES; NEAR SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE; NEAR-SURFACE; POSITIVE VALUE; REANALYSIS; REGIONAL WEATHER; SENSIBLE AND LATENT HEAT FLUXES; SOIL HEATING; SOIL LAYER; SOIL TEMPERATURE; SURFACE EXCHANGES; SURFACE HEATING; THERMAL FIELD; UNDERLYING SURFACE; WEATHER AND CLIMATE FORECASTS; WEATHER RESEARCH AND FORECASTING MODELS;

EID: 70350302251     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR2684.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (30)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0024920939 scopus 로고
    • A parameterization of heterogeneous land surfaces for atmospheric numerical models and its impact on regional meteorology
    • Avissar, R., and R. Pielke, 1989: A parameterization of heterogeneous land surfaces for atmospheric numerical models and its impact on regional meteorology. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 2113-2136.
    • (1989) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.117 , pp. 2113-2136
    • Avissar, R.1    Pielke, R.2
  • 2
    • 9444260366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the land surface and boundary layer models in two operational versions of the NCEP Eta model using FIFE data
    • Betts, A. K., F. Chen, K. E. Mitchell, and Z. Janjic, 1997: Assessment of the land surface and boundary layer models in two operational versions of the NCEP Eta model using FIFE data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2896-2916.
    • (1997) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.125 , pp. 2896-2916
    • Betts, A.K.1    Chen, F.2    Mitchell, K.E.3    Janjic, Z.4
  • 3
    • 0026276957 scopus 로고
    • Effects of spatial variations of soil moisture and vegetation on the evolution of a prestorm environment: A numerical case study
    • Chang, J.-T., and P. J. Wetzel, 1991: Effects of spatial variations of soil moisture and vegetation on the evolution of a prestorm environment: A numerical case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1368-1390.
    • (1991) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.119 , pp. 1368-1390
    • Chang, J.-T.1    Wetzel, P.J.2
  • 4
    • 0001222682 scopus 로고
    • Impact of land-surface moisture variability on local shallow convective cumulus and precipitation in large-scale models
    • Chen, F., and R. Avissar, 1994: Impact of land-surface moisture variability on local shallow convective cumulus and precipitation in large-scale models. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 1382-1401.
    • (1994) J. Appl. Meteor , vol.33 , pp. 1382-1401
    • Chen, F.1    Avissar, R.2
  • 5
    • 0035303091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling an advanced land surface - hydrology model with the Penn State - NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity
    • Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an advanced land surface - hydrology model with the Penn State - NCAR MM5 modeling system. Part I: Model implementation and sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585.
    • (2001) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.129 , pp. 569-585
    • Chen, F.1    Dudhia, J.2
  • 6
    • 0030465032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of land surface evaporation by four schemes and comparison with FIFE observations
    • Chen, F., and Coauthors, 1996: Modeling of land surface evaporation by four schemes and comparison with FIFE observations. J. Geophys. Res., 101 (D3), 7251-7268.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res , vol.101 , Issue.D3 , pp. 7251-7268
    • Chen, F.1
  • 7
    • 28144436882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of surface sensible weather forecasts by the WRF and the Eta models over the western United States
    • Cheng, W. Y. Y., and W. J. Steenburgh, 2005: Evaluation of surface sensible weather forecasts by the WRF and the Eta models over the western United States. Wea. Forecasting, 20, 812-821.
    • (2005) Wea. Forecasting , vol.20 , pp. 812-821
    • Cheng, W.Y.Y.1    Steenburgh, W.J.2
  • 8
    • 34047227951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between air and soil temperature trends and periodicities in the permafrost regions of Russia
    • doi:10.1029/2005JF000342
    • Chudinova, S. M., O. W. Frauenfeld, R. G. Barry, T. Zhang, and V. A. Sorokovikov, 2006: Relationship between air and soil temperature trends and periodicities in the permafrost regions of Russia. J. Geophys. Res., 111, F02008, doi:10.1029/2005JF000342.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res , vol.111
    • Chudinova, S.M.1    Frauenfeld, O.W.2    Barry, R.G.3    Zhang, T.4    Sorokovikov, V.A.5
  • 9
    • 0029528410 scopus 로고
    • Numerical simulations of the effect of soil moisture and vegetation cover on the development of deep convection
    • Clark, C. A., and R. W. Arritt, 1995: Numerical simulations of the effect of soil moisture and vegetation cover on the development of deep convection. J. Appl. Meteor., 34, 2029-2045.
    • (1995) J. Appl. Meteor , vol.34 , pp. 2029-2045
    • Clark, C.A.1    Arritt, R.W.2
  • 10
    • 70350303236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate Data Office, 1981: Monthly meteorological report of surface observations in China, 1980.01-12. Beijing Meteorological Center, Meteorological Press, 2352 pp.
    • Climate Data Office, 1981: Monthly meteorological report of surface observations in China, 1980.01-12. Beijing Meteorological Center, Meteorological Press, 2352 pp.
  • 11
    • 70350336735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate Data Office, 1984: Monthly meteorological report of surface observations in China, 1980.01-12. Beijing Meteorological Center, Meteorological Press, 2328 pp.
    • Climate Data Office, 1984: Monthly meteorological report of surface observations in China, 1980.01-12. Beijing Meteorological Center, Meteorological Press, 2328 pp.
  • 12
    • 0000791134 scopus 로고
    • An operation objective analysis system
    • Cressman, G. P., 1959: An operation objective analysis system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 87, 367-374.
    • (1959) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.87 , pp. 367-374
    • Cressman, G.P.1
  • 13
    • 0042412325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Common Land Model
    • Dai, Y., and Coauthors, 2003: The Common Land Model. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 1013-1023.
    • (2003) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc , vol.84 , pp. 1013-1023
    • Dai, Y.1
  • 14
    • 0000223791 scopus 로고
    • Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture, with inclusion of a layer of vegetation
    • Deardorff, J. W., 1978: Efficient prediction of ground surface temperature and moisture, with inclusion of a layer of vegetation. J. Geophys. Res., 83, 1889-1903.
    • (1978) J. Geophys. Res , vol.83 , pp. 1889-1903
    • Deardorff, J.W.1
  • 15
    • 0022853924 scopus 로고
    • The influence of variations in surface treatment on 24-hour forecasts with a limited area model, including a comparison of modeled and satellite-measure surface temperatures
    • Diak, G. R., S. Heikkinen, and J. Bates, 1986: The influence of variations in surface treatment on 24-hour forecasts with a limited area model, including a comparison of modeled and satellite-measure surface temperatures. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 215-232.
    • (1986) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.114 , pp. 215-232
    • Diak, G.R.1    Heikkinen, S.2    Bates, J.3
  • 16
    • 0024921060 scopus 로고
    • Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model
    • Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.46 , pp. 3077-3107
    • Dudhia, J.1
  • 17
    • 0028668491 scopus 로고
    • Variation in soil parameters: Implications for modeling surface fluxes and atmospheric boundary-layer development
    • Ek, M., and R. H. Cuenca, 1994: Variation in soil parameters: Implications for modeling surface fluxes and atmospheric boundary-layer development. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 70, 369-383.
    • (1994) Bound.-Layer Meteor , vol.70 , pp. 369-383
    • Ek, M.1    Cuenca, R.H.2
  • 18
    • 0000213821 scopus 로고
    • Land surface hydrology parameterization for atmospheric general circulation models including subgrid-scale spatial variability
    • Entekhabi, D., and P. S. Eagleson, 1989: Land surface hydrology parameterization for atmospheric general circulation models including subgrid-scale spatial variability. J. Climate, 2, 816-831.
    • (1989) J. Climate , vol.2 , pp. 816-831
    • Entekhabi, D.1    Eagleson, P.S.2
  • 19
    • 70350334959 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary analysis of relationship between torrential rain and underlying heat field in mid- and lower-reaches of Yangtze River
    • Fan, X., 1993: A preliminary analysis of relationship between torrential rain and underlying heat field in mid- and lower-reaches of Yangtze River. Plateau Meteor., 12, 322-327.
    • (1993) Plateau Meteor , vol.12 , pp. 322-327
    • Fan, X.1
  • 20
    • 70350323616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural feature of soil temperature and precipitation and soil heat flux fields of strong earthquakes
    • Fan, X., and M. Tang, 1996: Structural feature of soil temperature and precipitation and soil heat flux fields of strong earthquakes. Chin. J. Geophys., 39, 247-261.
    • (1996) Chin. J. Geophys , vol.39 , pp. 247-261
    • Fan, X.1    Tang, M.2
  • 21
    • 70350343689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating Beaufort Sea coastal wind events using MM5 and WRF
    • Fairbanks, AK, National Weather Service, University of Alaska Fairbanks, p
    • Fan, X., J. R. Krieger, D. J. Morton, J. Zhang, M. D. Shulski, and A. E. Klenne, 2007: Simulating Beaufort Sea coastal wind events using MM5 and WRF. Proc. Great Alaska Weather Modeling Symposium, Fairbanks, AK, National Weather Service, University of Alaska Fairbanks, p. 11.
    • (2007) Proc. Great Alaska Weather Modeling Symposium , pp. 11
    • Fan, X.1    Krieger, J.R.2    Morton, D.J.3    Zhang, J.4    Shulski, M.D.5    Klenne, A.E.6
  • 22
    • 0041591467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric controls on soil moisture-boundary layer interactions. Part II: Feed-backs within the continental United States
    • Findell, K. L., and E. A. B. Eltahir, 2003: Atmospheric controls on soil moisture-boundary layer interactions. Part II: Feed-backs within the continental United States. J. Hydrometeor., 4, 570-583.
    • (2003) J. Hydrometeor , vol.4 , pp. 570-583
    • Findell, K.L.1    Eltahir, E.A.B.2
  • 23
    • 0037101740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques
    • doi:10.1029/ 2002GL015311
    • Grell, G. A., and D. Devenyi, 2002: A generalized approach to parameterizing convection combining ensemble and data assimilation techniques. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1693, doi:10.1029/ 2002GL015311.
    • (2002) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.29 , pp. 1693
    • Grell, G.A.1    Devenyi, D.2
  • 24
    • 0030620641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Borehole temperatures and a baseline for 20th-century global warming estimates
    • Harris, R. N., and D. S. Chapman, 1997: Borehole temperatures and a baseline for 20th-century global warming estimates. Science, 275, 1618-1621.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 1618-1621
    • Harris, R.N.1    Chapman, D.S.2
  • 25
    • 1842587750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A revised approach to ice microphysics process for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation
    • Hong, S.-Y., J. Dudhia, and S.-H. Chen, 2004: A revised approach to ice microphysics process for the bulk parameterization of clouds and precipitation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 103-120.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.132 , pp. 103-120
    • Hong, S.-Y.1    Dudhia, J.2    Chen, S.-H.3
  • 26
    • 0029772619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deriving century-long trends of surface temperature change from borehole temperatures
    • Huang, S., P. Y. Shen, and H. N. Pollack, 1996: Deriving century-long trends of surface temperature change from borehole temperatures. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 257-260.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.23 , pp. 257-260
    • Huang, S.1    Shen, P.Y.2    Pollack, H.N.3
  • 27
    • 0004856410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The surface layer parameterization in the NCEP Eta Model. Preprints
    • Norfolk, VA, Amer. Meteor. Soc
    • Janjic, Z. I., 1996: The surface layer parameterization in the NCEP Eta Model. Preprints, 11th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction, Norfolk, VA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 354-355.
    • (1996) 11th Conf. on Numerical Weather Prediction , pp. 354-355
    • Janjic, Z.I.1
  • 28
    • 70350347359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Janjic, Z. I., 2002: Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 scheme in the NCEP Meso Model. NCEP Office Note, 437, 61 pp.
    • Janjic, Z. I., 2002: Nonsingular implementation of the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 scheme in the NCEP Meso Model. NCEP Office Note, 437, 61 pp.
  • 29
    • 4143112257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regions of strong coupling between soil moisture and precipitation
    • Koster, R. D., and Coauthors, 2004: Regions of strong coupling between soil moisture and precipitation. Science, 305, 1138-1140.
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , pp. 1138-1140
    • Koster, R.D.1
  • 30
    • 0022923616 scopus 로고
    • Changing climate: Geothermal evidence from permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic
    • Lachenbruch, A. H., and B. V. Marshall, 1986: Changing climate: Geothermal evidence from permafrost in the Alaskan Arctic. Science, 234, 689-696.
    • (1986) Science , vol.234 , pp. 689-696
    • Lachenbruch, A.H.1    Marshall, B.V.2
  • 31
    • 0000735520 scopus 로고
    • The influence of soil and vegetation on the development of mesoscale circulations
    • Mahfouf, J. F., E. Richard, and P. Mascart, 1987: The influence of soil and vegetation on the development of mesoscale circulations. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 26, 1483-1495.
    • (1987) J. Climate Appl. Meteor , vol.26 , pp. 1483-1495
    • Mahfouf, J.F.1    Richard, E.2    Mascart, P.3
  • 32
    • 0021629389 scopus 로고
    • The sensitivity of numerically simulated climates to land surface boundary conditions
    • J. T Houghton, Ed, Cambridge University Press
    • Mintz, Y., 1984: The sensitivity of numerically simulated climates to land surface boundary conditions. The Global Climate, J. T Houghton, Ed., Cambridge University Press, 79-105.
    • (1984) The Global Climate , pp. 79-105
    • Mintz, Y.1
  • 33
    • 0000453046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brwon, M. J. Iacono, and 5. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmosphere: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
    • Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brwon, M. J. Iacono, and 5. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmosphere: RRTM, a validated correlated-k model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (D14), 16 663-16 682.
  • 34
    • 0023485671 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between soil hydrology and boundary-layer development
    • Pan, H. L., and L. Mahrt, 1987: Interaction between soil hydrology and boundary-layer development. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 38, 185-202.
    • (1987) Bound.-Layer Meteor , vol.38 , pp. 185-202
    • Pan, H.L.1    Mahrt, L.2
  • 35
    • 0034936141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the spatial distribution of vegetation and soils on the prediction of cumulus convective rainfall
    • Pielke, R. A., Sr., 2001: Influence of the spatial distribution of vegetation and soils on the prediction of cumulus convective rainfall. Rev. Geophys., 39, 151-177.
    • (2001) Rev. Geophys , vol.39 , pp. 151-177
    • Pielke Sr., R.A.1
  • 36
    • 0032500824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change record in subsurface temperatures: A global perspective
    • Pollack, H. N., S. Huang, and P.-Y. Shen, 1998: Climate change record in subsurface temperatures: A global perspective. Science, 282, 279-281.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 279-281
    • Pollack, H.N.1    Huang, S.2    Shen, P.-Y.3
  • 37
    • 70350341930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skamarock, W. C, J. B. Klemp, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, D. M. Barker, W. Wang, and J. G. Powers, 2005: A description of the advanced research WRF Version 2. NCAR Tech. Note 468, STR, 88 pp
    • Skamarock, W. C., J. B. Klemp, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, D. M. Barker, W. Wang, and J. G. Powers, 2005: A description of the advanced research WRF Version 2. NCAR Tech. Note 468 + STR, 88 pp.
  • 38
    • 0030616449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling the exchange of energy, water, and carbon between continents and the atmosphere
    • doi:10.1126/science.275.5299.502
    • Sellers, P. J., and Coauthors, 1997: Modeling the exchange of energy, water, and carbon between continents and the atmosphere. Science, 275, doi:10.1126/science.275.5299.502.
    • (1997) Science , vol.275
    • Sellers, P.J.1
  • 39
    • 0020463209 scopus 로고
    • Influence of land-surface evapotranspiration on the Earth's climate
    • doi:10.1126/science.215.4539.1498
    • Shukla, J., and Y. Mintz, 1982: Influence of land-surface evapotranspiration on the Earth's climate. Science, 215, doi:10.1126/science.215.4539.1498.
    • (1982) Science , vol.215
    • Shukla, J.1    Mintz, Y.2
  • 40
    • 33845410681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will perturbing soil moisture improve warm-season ensemble forecasts? A proof of concept
    • Sutton, C., T. M. Hamill, and T. T. Warner, 2006: Will perturbing soil moisture improve warm-season ensemble forecasts? A proof of concept. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 3174-3189.
    • (2006) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.134 , pp. 3174-3189
    • Sutton, C.1    Hamill, T.M.2    Warner, T.T.3
  • 41
    • 5244371779 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal mean soil temperature anomaly field at depth 3.2m and its application in prediction for flood season
    • Tang, M., and J. Zhang, 1994: Seasonal mean soil temperature anomaly field at depth 3.2m and its application in prediction for flood season. Plateau Meteor., 13, 178-187.
    • (1994) Plateau Meteor , vol.13 , pp. 178-187
    • Tang, M.1    Zhang, J.2
  • 42
    • 70350346499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A summary of flood-season precipitation prediction by using the method of underground information during the recent ten years
    • Tang, M., Z. Zhao, and Z. Ma, 1997: A summary of flood-season precipitation prediction by using the method of underground information during the recent ten years (1985-1994). Climatic Environ. Res., 2, 55-60.
    • (1997) Climatic Environ. Res , vol.2 , pp. 55-60
    • Tang, M.1    Zhao, Z.2    Ma, Z.3
  • 43
    • 0029434637 scopus 로고
    • An improved land surface parameterization scheme in the ECMWF model and its validation
    • Viterbo, P., and A. C. M. Bejaars, 1995: An improved land surface parameterization scheme in the ECMWF model and its validation. J. Climate, 8, 2816-2748.
    • (1995) J. Climate , vol.8 , pp. 2816-2748
    • Viterbo, P.1    Bejaars, A.C.M.2
  • 44
    • 0026613525 scopus 로고
    • Geothermal evidence from Canada for a cold period before recent climatic warming
    • Wang, K., and T. J. Lewis, 1992: Geothermal evidence from Canada for a cold period before recent climatic warming. Science, 256, 1003-1005.
    • (1992) Science , vol.256 , pp. 1003-1005
    • Wang, K.1    Lewis, T.J.2
  • 45
    • 0001005190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison study of convective parameterization schemes in a mesoscale model
    • Wang, W., and N. L. Seaman, 1997: A comparison study of convective parameterization schemes in a mesoscale model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 252-278.
    • (1997) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.125 , pp. 252-278
    • Wang, W.1    Seaman, N.L.2
  • 47
    • 84863701663 scopus 로고
    • Review of ten-year (1975-1984) flood-season precipitation forecasts
    • Xin, J.-S., 1985: Review of ten-year (1975-1984) flood-season precipitation forecasts. Plateau Meteor., 4, 372-381.
    • (1985) Plateau Meteor , vol.4 , pp. 372-381
    • Xin, J.-S.1
  • 48
    • 0035657359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of land surface processes on simulation of the U.S. hydrological cycle: A case study of the 1993 flood using the SSiB land surface model in the NCEP Eta regional model
    • Xue, Y., F. J. Zeng, K. E. Mitchell, Z. Janjic, and E. Rogers, 2001: The impact of land surface processes on simulation of the U.S. hydrological cycle: A case study of the 1993 flood using the SSiB land surface model in the NCEP Eta regional model. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 2833-2860.
    • (2001) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.129 , pp. 2833-2860
    • Xue, Y.1    Zeng, F.J.2    Mitchell, K.E.3    Janjic, Z.4    Rogers, E.5
  • 49
    • 85006664222 scopus 로고
    • A simplified biosphere model for global climate studies
    • Xue, Y., P. J. Sellers, J. L. Kinter III, and J. Shukla, 1991: A simplified biosphere model for global climate studies. J. Climate, 4, 345-364.
    • (1991) J. Climate , vol.4 , pp. 345-364
    • Xue, Y.1    Sellers, P.J.2    Kinter III, J.L.3    Shukla, J.4
  • 50
    • 0035029565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An amplified signal of climatic change in soil temperatures during the last century at Irkutsk, Russia
    • Zhang, T., R. G. Barry, D. Gilichinsky, S. S. Bykhovets, V. A. Sorokovikov, and J. Ye, 2001: An amplified signal of climatic change in soil temperatures during the last century at Irkutsk, Russia. Climatic Change, 49, 41-76.
    • (2001) Climatic Change , vol.49 , pp. 41-76
    • Zhang, T.1    Barry, R.G.2    Gilichinsky, D.3    Bykhovets, S.S.4    Sorokovikov, V.A.5    Ye, J.6
  • 51
    • 58049099097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change: Evidence from Russian historical soil temperature measurements
    • Abstract 01485, Available online at
    • Zhang, T., M. Serreze, R. G. Barry, D. Gilichinsky, and A. Etringer, 2003: Climate change: Evidence from Russian historical soil temperature measurements. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 5, Abstract 01485. [Available online at http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EAE03/01485/ EAE03-J-01485.pdf.]
    • (2003) Geophysical Research Abstracts , vol.5
    • Zhang, T.1    Serreze, M.2    Barry, R.G.3    Gilichinsky, D.4    Etringer, A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.