A descriptive review of the factors contributing to nutritional compromise in patients with head and neck cancer

Supportive Care in Cancer

Volumn 17, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1345-1351

  Chasen, Martin R ^a   Bhargava, Ravi ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Anorexia; Cachexia; Malnutrition; Nutritional sequelae

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT;

CACHEXIA; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CATABOLISM; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DYSOSMIA; DYSPHAGIA; ESOPHAGUS STRICTURE; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HUMAN; MOUTH MUCOSA; NUTRITIONAL DISORDER; NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SALIVA; SMELLING DISORDER; STARVATION; SWALLOWING; TASTE DISORDER; TUBE FEEDING; XEROSTOMIA;

CACHEXIA; DEGLUTITION DISORDERS; HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; MALNUTRITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; QUALITY OF LIFE;

EID: 70350144120     PISSN: 09414355     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-009-0684-5     Document Type: Review

References (87)

1. E Hammerlid B Wirblad C Sandin, et al. 1998 Malnutrition and food intake in relation to quality of life in head and neck cancer patients Head Neck 20 540 548 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0347(199809)20:6<540::AID-HED9>3.0.CO;2-J 1:STN:280:DyaK1czmsl2iuw%3D%3D 9702542 (Pubitemid 28361460)
2. AE van Marian Bokhorst-de van der Schueren AM van Paul DJ Leeuwen WM Kuik C Klop HP Sauerwein GB Snow JJ Quak 1999 The impact of nutritional status on the prognoses of patients with advanced head and neck cancer Cancer 86 3 519 527 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19990801)86:3<519::AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-S (Pubitemid 29347416)
3. DH Hussey HB Latourette WR Panje 1991 Head and neck cancer: an analysis of the incidence, patterns of treatment, and survival at the University of Iowa Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 152 2 16 1:STN:280:DyaK3M3gs1yhug%3D%3D 2018299
4. SA McClave W Chang 2003 Complications of enteral access Gastrointest Endosc 58 739 751 10.1016/S0016-5107(03)02147-3 10.1016/S0016-5107(03)02147-3 14595312 (Pubitemid 37370489)
5. MJ Tisdale 1997 Cancer cachexia metabolic alterations and clinical manifestations Nutrition 13 1 7 10.1016/S0899-9007(96)00313-9 1:STN:280:DyaK2s3htFCnsw%3D%3D 9058439 (Pubitemid 27098605)
6. T Westin A Jansson C Zenckert MT Hallstro MS Edstro 1988 Mental depression is associated with malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 114 1449 1453 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FltVGmtw%3D%3D 3190874 (Pubitemid 19000114)
7. GB Brookes 1985 Nutritional status-a prognostic indicator in head and neck cancer Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 93 69 74 1:STN:280:DyaL2M7msV2kug%3D%3D 3920627
8. A Raykher L Russo M Schattner L Schwartz B Scott M Shike 2007 Enteral Nutrition Support of Head and Neck Cancer Patients Nutr Clin Pract 22 1 68 73 10.1177/011542650702200168 10.1177/011542650702200168 17242458
9. CH Wu TY Hsiao JY Ko MM Hsu 2000 Dysphagia after radiation: endoscopic examination of swallowing in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 109 320 325 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7pvFGkuw%3D%3D 10737318
10. EC Ward B Bishop J Frisby M Stevens 2002 Swallowing outcomes following laryngectomy and pharyngolaryngectomy Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 128 181 186 11843728
11. H Abendstein M Nordgren M Boysen 2005 Quality of life and head and neck cancer: a 5 year prospective study Laryngoscope. 115 2183 2192 10.1097/01.MLG.0000181507.69620.14 16369164 (Pubitemid 44391633)
12. MA Van Bokhorst-de Van der Schueren SI Langendoen H Vondeling, et al. 2000 Perioperative enteral nutrition and quality of life of severely malnourished head and neck cancer patients: a randomized clinical trial Clin Nutr 19 437 444 10.1054/clnu.2000.0148 10.1054/clnu.2000.0148
13. EJ Grobbelaar S Owen A Torrance JA Wilson 2004 Nutritional challenges in head and neck cancer Clin Otolaryngol 29 307 313 10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00850. x 10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00850.x 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2czmvVagtw%3D%3D 15270813 (Pubitemid 38981316)
14. F Kiesow 1894 Beiträge zur physiologischen Psychologie des geschmackssinnes Wundts Philos Stud 10 329 368
15. SS Schiffman 1983 Taste and smell in disease: I N Engl J Med 308 1275 1279 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7pt1ehuw%3D%3D 6341841
16. Duffy V, Lucchina L, Fast K, Bartoshuk L (1998) Taste and cancer. In: Berger A (ed) Principles and practice of supportive oncology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp 141-151
17. H Kitagoh H Tomita 1995 Healing process of taste receptor disturbance Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 98 267 280 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3it1eqsg%3D%3D 7707185 (Japanese)
18. RS Wickham M Rehwaldt C Kefer S Shott K Abbas E Glynn-Tucker C Potter C Blendowski 1999 Taste changes experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy Oncol Nurs Forum 26 697 706 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3mvF2nsA%3D%3D 10337648
19. S Hamlet J Faull B Klein, et al. 1997 Mastication and swallowing in patients with post-irradiation xerostomia Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 37 789 796 10.1016/S0360-3016(96)00604-9 1:STN:280:DyaK2s3nsFSmuw%3D%3D 9128953 (Pubitemid 27181310)
20. IN Fernando T Pate L Billingham C Hammond S Hallmark J Glaholm J Henk 1995 The effect of head and neck irradiation on taste dysfunction: a prospective study Clinical Oncology 7 3 173 178 10.1016/S0936-6555(05)80511-4 1:STN:280:DyaK28%2FlslGgtg%3D%3D 7547520
21. N Magne PY Marcy C Foa, et al. 2001 Comparison between nasogastric tube feeding and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in advanced head and neck cancer patients Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 258 89 92 10.1007/s004050000311 10.1007/s004050000311 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrjslWgug%3D%3D 11307612 (Pubitemid 32186485)
22. G Bonanni F Perazzi 1965 Behavior of taste sensitivity in patients subjected to high energy radiologic treatment for tumors of the oral cavity Nunt Radiol 31 383 397 1:STN:280:DyaF28%2Fjs1KhsQ%3D%3D 4953924
23. K Tanikawa 1963 Clinical and experimental studies on radiation injury to taste Nippon Acta Radiol 23 704 712 1:STN:280:DyaF2c%2Fktlamtw%3D%3D 14085595
24. LK Schwartz JM Weiffenbach IH Valdez PC Fox 1993 Taste intensity performance in patients irradiated to the head and neck Physiol Behav 53 4 671 677 10.1016/0031-9384(93)90172-C 1:STN:280:DyaK3s3ovVOisA%3D%3D 8511171 (Pubitemid 23132235)
25. KL Mossman RI Henkin 1978 Radiation-induced changes in taste acuity in cancer patients Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 4 663 670 1:STN:280: DyaE1M%2Fksl2ksg%3D%3D 711538
26. KL Mossman JD Chencharick AC Scheer, et al. 1979 Radiation induced changes in gustatory function: comparison of effects of neutron and photon irradiation Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 5 521 528 1:STN:280: DyaE1M3hsF2nsg%3D%3D 457498
27. K Mossman A Shatzman J Chencharick 1982 Long-term effects of radiotherapy on taste and salivary function in man Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 8 991 997 1:STN:280:DyaL383msFajuw%3D%3D 7107441
28. LM Bartoshuk 1990 Chemosensory alterations and cancer therapies NCI Monogr 9 179 184 2342591
29. SS Donaldson RA Lenon 1979 Alterations of nutritional status: impact of chemotherapy and radiation therapy Cancer 43 2036 10.1002/1097-0142(197905)43: 5+<2036::AID-CNCR2820430712>3.0.CO;2-7 10.1002/1097-0142(197905)43: 5+<2036::AID-CNCR2820430712>3.0.CO;2-7 1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXkvValu7c%3D 109184
30. KS Chua SK Reddy MC Lee RB Patt 1999 Pain and loss of function in head and neck cancer survivors J Pain Symptom Manage 18 193 202 10.1016/S0885- 3924(99)00070-6 10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00070-6 1:STN:280:DyaK1Mvks1agug%3D%3D 10517041 (Pubitemid 29459125)
31. ID Mandel 1987 The functions of saliva J Dent Res 66 Spec no 623 627 3497964
32. JS Cooper K Fu J Marks S Silverman 1995 Late effects of radiation therapy in the head and neck region Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 31 1141 1164 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3ivFCluw%3D%3D 7713779
33. M Larsson B Hedelin I Johansson E Athlin 2005 Eating problems and weight loss for patients with head and neck cancer Cancer Nurs 28 425 435 10.1097/00002820-200511000-00004 10.1097/00002820-200511000-00004 16330963 (Pubitemid 44378096)
34. DM Brizel TH Wasserman M Henke, et al. 2000 Phase III randomized trial of amifostine as a radioprotector in head and neck cancer J Clin Oncol 18 3339 3345 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnslSqu7g%3D 11013273
35. S Hamlet J Faull B Klein, et al. 1997 Mastication and swallowing in patients with post-irradiation xerostomia Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 37 789 796 10.1016/S0360-3016(96)00604-9 1:STN:280:DyaK2s3nsFSmuw%3D%3D 9128953 (Pubitemid 27181310)
36. AM Rose-Ped LA Bellm JB Epstein A Trotti C Gwede HJ Fuchs 2002 Complications of radiation therapy for head and neck cancers Cancer Nurs 25 461 467 10.1097/00002820-200212000-00010 10.1097/00002820-200212000-00010 12464838
37. M Machtay DI Rosenthal D Hershock, et al. 2002 Organ preservation therapy using induction plus concurrent chemoradiation for advanced resectable oropharyngeal carcinoma: a University of Pennsylvania Phase II Trial J Clin Oncol 20 3964 3971 10.1200/JCO.2002.11.026 10.1200/JCO.2002.11.026 12351593
38. H Abendstein M Nordgren M Boysen 2005 Quality of life and head and neck cancer: a 5 year prospective study Laryngoscope 115 2183 2192 10.1097/01.MLG.0000181507.69620.14 10.1097/01.MLG.0000181507.69620.14 16369164 (Pubitemid 44391633)
39. JA Logemann BR Pauloski AW Rademaker, et al. 2003 Xerostomia: 12-month changes in saliva production and its relationship to perception and performance of swallow function, oral intake, and diet after chemoradiation Head Neck 25 432 437 10.1002/hed.10255 10.1002/hed.10255 12784234 (Pubitemid 36577026)
40. N Bhattacharyya 2002 Factors predicting survival for cancer of the ethmoid sinus Am J Rhinol 16 5 281 286 12422974 (Pubitemid 35314860)
41. O Ekberg G Nylander 1983 Pharyngeal dysfunction after treatment for pharyngeal cancer with surgery and radiotherapy Gastrointest Radiol 8 97 104 10.1007/BF01948099 10.1007/BF01948099 1:STN:280:DyaL3s3htVOmsg%3D%3D 6343174
42. TM Mekhail DJ Adelstein LA Rybicki MA Larto JP Saxton P Lavertu 2001 Enteral nutrition during the treatment of head and neck carcinoma Cancer 91 1785 1790 10.1002/1097-0142(20010501)91:9<1785::AID-CNCR1197>3.0.CO;2-1 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3jvFOqtw%3D%3D 11335904 (Pubitemid 32377965)
43. G Laurell T Kraepelien P Mavroidis, et al. 2003 Stricture of the proximal esophagus in head and neck carcinoma patients after radiotherapy Cancer 97 1693 1700 10.1002/cncr.11236 12655526 (Pubitemid 36350712)
44. PD Maguire MB Meyerson CR Neal, et al. 2004 Toxic cure: hyperfractionated radiotherapy with concurrent cisplatin and fluorouracil for stage III, and IVA head-and neck cancer in the community Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Physiol 58 698 704 10.1016/S0360-3016(03)01576-1 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVyhur0%3D (Pubitemid 38221124)
45. NP Nguyen CC Moltz C Frank, et al. 2004 Dysphagia following chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer Ann Oncol 15 383 388 10.1093/annonc/mdh101 10.1093/annonc/mdh101 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2c7gvVeltg%3D%3D 14998839 (Pubitemid 38444540)
46. MB Gillespie MB Brodsky TA Day FS Lee B Martin-Harris 2004 Swallowing-related quality of life after head and neck cancer treatment Laryngoscope 114 8 1362 1367 10.1097/00005537-200408000-00008 10.1097/00005537-200408000-00008 15280708 (Pubitemid 39045503)
47. N MacDonald 2003 Understanding and managing cancer cachexia J Am Coll Surg 197 1 143 161 10.1016/S1072-7515(03)00382-X 12831935 (Pubitemid 36759189)
48. Giacosa A, Frascio F, Sukkar SG, Roncella S (1995) Cytokines and nutritional response in cancer cachexia. Paper presented at the National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
49. E Bruera S Carraro E Roca L Cedaro R Chacon 1984 Association between malnutrition and caloric intake, emesis, psychological depression, glucose taste and tumour mass Cancer Treat Rep 68 873 1:STN:280:DyaL2c3jtlygsA%3D%3D 6733700
50. WK Evans DW Nixon JM Daly, et al. 1987 A randomized study of oral nutritional support versus ad lib nutritional intake during chemotherapy for advanced colorectal and non-small-cell lung cancer J Clin Oncol 5 113 1:STN:280:DyaL2s7htFKksA%3D%3D 3027267
51. L Ovesen L Allingstrup EL Hannibal OP Hansen 1993 Effect of dietary counselling on food intake, body weight, response rate, survival and quality of life in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a prospective, randomized study J Clin Oncol 11 2043 1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2FhsFahtA%3D%3D 8410128
52. F Strasser 2003 Eating-related disorders in patients with advanced cancer Support Care Cancer 11 11 20 12527949
53. GB Brookes 1985 Nutritional status: a prognostic indicator in head and neck cancer Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 93 69 74 1:STN:280:DyaL2M7msV2kug%3D%3D 3920627
54. JJ Reilly 1990 Does nutrition management benefit the head and neck cancer patient? Oncology 4 105 115 1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FgtFyhtQ%3D%3D 2144997
55. lL D'Antonio GJ Zimmermen DF Cella SA Long 1996 Quality of life and functional status measures in patients with head and neck cancer Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 122 482 487 8615964
56. GM Devins HJ Stam JP Koopmans 1994 Psychosocial impact of laryngectomy mediated by perceived stigma and illness intrusiveness Can J Psychiatry 39 608 616 1:STN:280:DyaK2M7ivFSitQ%3D%3D 7828112
57. M Shike 1996 Nutrition therapy for the cancer patient Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 10 221 10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70336-1 1:STN:280:DyaK28vhvVOrtg%3D%3D 8821569 (Pubitemid 26048356)
58. NP Nguyen CC Moltz C Frank, et al. 2004 Dysphagia following chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer Ann Oncol 15 383 388 10.1093/annonc/mdh101 10.1093/annonc/mdh101 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2c7gvVeltg%3D%3D 14998839 (Pubitemid 38444540)
59. N MacDonald 2005 Anorexia-cachexia syndrome Eur J Palliat Care 12 2 Suppl 8 15
60. PK Nicholas JD Leuner JM Hatfield, et al. 2006 Using the Cancer Rehabilitation Questionnaire in patients with colorectal cancer Rehabil Nurs 31 106 113 16669572
61. RP Morton ADM Davies J Baker GA Baker PM Stell 1984 Quality of life in treated head and neck cancer patients: a preliminary report Clin Otolaryngol 9 181 185 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1984.tb01493.x 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1984.tb01493.x 1:STN:280:DyaL2M%2FisFCrtQ%3D%3D 6488570
62. Bond MR (1979) Psychological and emotional aspects of cancer pain. In: Bonica JJ, Ventafredda V (eds) Advances in pain research and therapy. International Symposium on Pain of Advanced Cancer, vol 2. Raven Press, New York, pp 81-88
63. T Westin A Jannsson C Zenckert T Hallstrom S Edstrom 1988 Mental depression is associated with malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 114 1449 1453 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FltVGmtw%3D%3D 3190874 (Pubitemid 19000114)
64. J Bukberg D Penman JC Holland 1984 Depression in hospitalized cancer patients Psychosom Med 46 199 212 1:STN:280:DyaL2c3kvVGktw%3D%3D 6739680
65. G Bolund 1985 Suicide and cancer: II. Medical factors in suicide by cancer 'patients in Sweden, 1973-1976 J Psychosoc Oncol 3 1 31 52 10.1300/J077v03n01-03 10.1300/J077v03n01-03 (Pubitemid 15023795)
66. NL Farberow S Ganzler F Cutter D Reynolds 1971 An eight-year survey of hospital suicides Life-Threat Beha 6 1 184 201
67. JR Saunders MS Brown RM Hirata DA Jaques 1991 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients with head and neck malignancies Am J Surg 162 381 3 10.1016/0002-9610(91)90153-5 1951893
68. DE Larson DD Burton KW Schroeder EP Di Mango 1987 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: indications, success, complications, and mortality in 314 consecutive patients Gastroenterology 93 48 52 1:STN:280:DyaL2s3hvFOgtA%3D%3D 3108063
69. M Shike YN Berner H Gerdes, et al. 1989 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunostomy for long term enteral feeding in patients with cancer of the head and neck Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 101 549 554 1:STN:280:DyaK3c%2Fot1Cmuw%3D%3D 2512533
70. JS Scott RA de la Torre SW Unger 1991 Comparison of operative versus percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement in the elderly Am Surg 57 338 340 1:STN:280:DyaK3M3kslKqtQ%3D%3D 1903908
71. JS Stern 1986 Comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with surgical gastrostomy at a community hospital Am J Gastroenterol 81 1171 1173 1:STN:280:DyaL2s%2Fntleltg%3D%3D 3788925
72. SM Pender MG Courtney E Rajan B McAdam JF Fielding 1993 Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: results of an Irish single unit series Ir J Med Sci 162 452 455 10.1007/BF02942187 10.1007/BF02942187 1:STN:280:DyaK2c7ls1Kktg%3D%3D 8113033
73. M Schattner R Barrera S Nygard 2001 Outcome of home enteral nutrition in patients with malignant dysphagia Nutr Clin Pract 16 5 292 295 10.1177/088453360101600506 10.1177/088453360101600506
74. A Dietz J Nollert H Maier V Rudat M Fientje 1995 The problem of radiotherapy or chemotherapy induced mucositis of the mouth and pharynx. Effects of accelerated chemoradiation with carboplatinum on patients with inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Experiences in Heidelberg HNO 43 403 413 1:STN:280:DyaK2MvgtlWkug%3D%3D 7545657
75. I Bosaeus P Daneryd E Svanberg K Lundholm 2001 Dietary intake and resting energy expenditure in relation to weight loss in unselected cancer patients Int J Cancer 93 380 383 10.1002/ijc.1332 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlt12gsbw%3D 11433403 (Pubitemid 32592057)
76. MA Piquet M Ozsahin I Larpin A Zouhair P Coti, et al. 2002 Early nutritional intervention in oropharyngeal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy Support Care Cancer 10 502 504 10.1007/s00520-002-0364-1 12353130 (Pubitemid 36056276)
77. C Loser S Wolters UR Folsch 1998 Enteral long-term nutrition via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in 210 patients Dig Dis Sci 43 2549 2557 10.1023/A:1026615106348 10.1023/A:1026615106348 1:STN:280: DyaK1M%2FjvFOmtw%3D%3D 9824149
78. MA Hull J Rawlings FE Murray, et al. 1993 Audit of outcomes of long-term enteral nutrition by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Lancet 341 869 897 10.1016/0140-6736(93)93072-9 10.1016/0140-6736(93)93072-9 1:STN:280: DyaK3s3hvVeksA%3D%3D 8096573 (Pubitemid 23094521)
79. CB Pearce HD Duncan 2002 Enteral feeding, nasogastric, nasojejunal, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, or jejunostomy: its indications and limitations Postgrad Med 78 198 204 10.1136/pmj.78.918.198 10.1136/pmj.78.918. 198 1:STN:280:DC%2BD387pslWntg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 34293320)
80. J Crosby D Duerkesen 2005 A retrospective survey of tube-related complications in patients receiving long-term home enteral nutrition Dig Dis Sci 50 1712 1717 10.1007/s10620-005-2923-z 10.1007/s10620-005-2923-z 16133977 (Pubitemid 41203670)
81. L Howard L Patton 1998 Outcome of long-term enteral feeding Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 8 705 723 1:STN:280:DyaK1czhvF2ksQ%3D%3D 9654576
82. A Raykher M Schattner A Friedman, et al. 2004 Safety and efficacy of pretreatment placement of PEG tubes in head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemoradiation treatment Clin Nutr 23 757 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.003 10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.003
83. JS Scolapio PR Spangler Romano M Michelle MP McLaughlin JR Salassa 2001 Prophylactic placement of gastrostomy feeding tubes before radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer: Is it worthwhile? J Clin Gastroenterol 33 215 217 10.1007/BF02942187 10.1097/00004836-200109000-00009 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3MvlsFShuw%3D%3D 11500610
84. AT Zogbaum P Fitz V Duffy 2004 Tube feeding may improve adherence to radiation treatment schedule in head and neck cancer Topics Clin Nutr 19 95 106
85. MES Beaver KE Matheny DB Roberts JN Myers 2001 Predictors of weight loss during radiation therapy Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125 645 648 10.1067/mhn.2001.120428 10.1067/mhn.2001.120428 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MnpsFaqsw%3D%3D 11743469 (Pubitemid 33664943)
86. FR Amann H Iro D Sailer R Sauer 1997 The influence of supportive 8 years of clinical experience in 232 patients Surg Endosc 11 741 744 10.1007/s004649900440 10.1007/s004649900440 1:STN:280:DyaK2szmt1ensw%3D%3D 9214323
87. MR Chasen AP Dippenaar 2008 Cancer nutrition and rehabilitation-its time has come! Curr Oncol 15 3 117 122 10.3747/co.v15i3.244 1:STN:280: DC%2BD1cvisl2kug%3D%3D 18596892