메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 54, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 704-731

Clinical Policy: Critical Issues in the Management of Adult Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

EID: 70350065937     PISSN: 01960644     EISSN: 10976760     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.07.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (38)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 0037436723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deaths: preliminary data for 2001
    • Arias E., and Smith B.L. Deaths: preliminary data for 2001. Natl Vital Stat Rep 51 (2003) 1-44
    • (2003) Natl Vital Stat Rep , vol.51 , pp. 1-44
    • Arias, E.1    Smith, B.L.2
  • 2
    • 0029436293 scopus 로고
    • Medicare and Medicaid statistical supplement, 1995
    • Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
    • Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Medicare and Medicaid statistical supplement, 1995. Healthcare Finance Rev Stat Suppl (1995) 1-388
    • (1995) Healthcare Finance Rev Stat , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 1-388
  • 3
    • 0037137456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. Management of community-acquired pneumonia
    • Halm E.A., and Tierstein A.S. Clinical practice. Management of community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 347 (2002) 2039-2045
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 2039-2045
    • Halm, E.A.1    Tierstein, A.S.2
  • 4
    • 0033959389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality from invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of antibiotic resistance, 1995-1997
    • Feikin D.R., Schuchat A., Kolczak M., et al. Mortality from invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in the era of antibiotic resistance, 1995-1997. Am J Public Health 90 (2000) 223-229
    • (2000) Am J Public Health , vol.90 , pp. 223-229
    • Feikin, D.R.1    Schuchat, A.2    Kolczak, M.3
  • 5
    • 70350082766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new paradigm in emergency medicine: healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • Talan P.A., DeBleuix P., and Kollef M.H. A new paradigm in emergency medicine: healthcare-associated pneumonia. Clinical Courier 25 (2007) 1-16
    • (2007) Clinical Courier , vol.25 , pp. 1-16
    • Talan, P.A.1    DeBleuix, P.2    Kollef, M.H.3
  • 6
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 171 (2005) 388-416
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 7
    • 30344451643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia
    • Kollef M.H., Shorr A., Tabak Y.P., et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia. Chest 128 (2005) 3854-3862
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 3854-3862
    • Kollef, M.H.1    Shorr, A.2    Tabak, Y.P.3
  • 8
    • 30344480758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health-care-associated pneumonia: a new therapeutic paradigm
    • Hiramatsu K., and Niederman M.S. Health-care-associated pneumonia: a new therapeutic paradigm. Chest 128 (2005) 3784-3787
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 3784-3787
    • Hiramatsu, K.1    Niederman, M.S.2
  • 9
    • 34147213668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Joint Commission Accessed May 15, 2009.
    • The Joint Commission. Specifications manual for national hospital quality measures. http://www.jointcommission.org/PerformanceMeasurement/PerformanceMeasurement/Current+NHQM+Manual.htm Accessed May 15, 2009.
    • Specifications manual for national hospital quality measures
  • 10
    • 34249074736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emergency department operational changes in response to pay-for-performance and antibiotic timing in pneumonia
    • Pines J.M., Hollander J.E., Lee H., et al. Emergency department operational changes in response to pay-for-performance and antibiotic timing in pneumonia. Acad Emerg Med 14 (2007) 545-548
    • (2007) Acad Emerg Med , vol.14 , pp. 545-548
    • Pines, J.M.1    Hollander, J.E.2    Lee, H.3
  • 11
    • 34250795666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule
    • Kanwar M., Brar N., Khatib R., et al. Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule. Chest 131 (2007) 1865-1869
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 1865-1869
    • Kanwar, M.1    Brar, N.2    Khatib, R.3
  • 12
    • 34247893747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple screening tool for identification of community-acquired pneumonia in an inner city emergency department
    • Khalil A., Kelen G., and Rothman R.E. A simple screening tool for identification of community-acquired pneumonia in an inner city emergency department. Emerg Med J 24 (2007) 336-338
    • (2007) Emerg Med J , vol.24 , pp. 336-338
    • Khalil, A.1    Kelen, G.2    Rothman, R.E.3
  • 13
    • 33746379588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic timing and diagnostic uncertainty in Medicare patients with pneumonia. Is it reasonable to expect all patients to receive antibiotics within 4 hours?
    • Metersky M.L., Sweeney T.A., Getzow M.B., et al. Antibiotic timing and diagnostic uncertainty in Medicare patients with pneumonia. Is it reasonable to expect all patients to receive antibiotics within 4 hours?. Chest 130 (2006) 16-21
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 16-21
    • Metersky, M.L.1    Sweeney, T.A.2    Getzow, M.B.3
  • 14
    • 35349031624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of emergency department crowding on time to antibiotics in patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Fee C., Weber E.J., Maak C.A., et al. Effect of emergency department crowding on time to antibiotics in patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Emerg Med 50 (2007) 501-509
    • (2007) Ann Emerg Med , vol.50 , pp. 501-509
    • Fee, C.1    Weber, E.J.2    Maak, C.A.3
  • 15
    • 35349030754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of emergency department crowding measures on time to antibiotics for patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Pines J.M., Localio A.R., Hollander J.E., et al. The impact of emergency department crowding measures on time to antibiotics for patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Emerg Med 50 (2007) 510-516
    • (2007) Ann Emerg Med , vol.50 , pp. 510-516
    • Pines, J.M.1    Localio, A.R.2    Hollander, J.E.3
  • 16
    • 33746359338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between emergency department crowding and hospital performance on antibiotic timing for pneumonia and percutaneous intervention for myocardial infarction
    • Pines J.M., Hollander J.E., Localio A.R., et al. The association between emergency department crowding and hospital performance on antibiotic timing for pneumonia and percutaneous intervention for myocardial infarction. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 873-878
    • (2006) Acad Emerg Med , vol.13 , pp. 873-878
    • Pines, J.M.1    Hollander, J.E.2    Localio, A.R.3
  • 17
    • 30744456545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a predictive rule for the management of community-acquired pneumonia
    • Capelastegui A., Espana P.P., Quintana J.M., et al. Validation of a predictive rule for the management of community-acquired pneumonia. Eur Respir J 27 (2006) 151-157
    • (2006) Eur Respir J , vol.27 , pp. 151-157
    • Capelastegui, A.1    Espana, P.P.2    Quintana, J.M.3
  • 18
    • 16244385921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective comparison of three validated prediction rules for prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Aujesky D., Auble T.E., Yealy D.M., et al. Prospective comparison of three validated prediction rules for prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Med 118 (2005) 384-392
    • (2005) Am J Med , vol.118 , pp. 384-392
    • Aujesky, D.1    Auble, T.E.2    Yealy, D.M.3
  • 19
    • 0031012761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Fine M.J., Auble T.E., Yealy D.M., et al. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 336 (1997) 243-250
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 243-250
    • Fine, M.J.1    Auble, T.E.2    Yealy, D.M.3
  • 20
    • 0038554228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study
    • Lim W.S., van der Eerden M.M., Laing R., et al. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 58 (2003) 377-382
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 377-382
    • Lim, W.S.1    van der Eerden, M.M.2    Laing, R.3
  • 21
    • 2542594078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergency department community-acquired pneumonia trial: methodology of a quality improvement intervention
    • Yealy D.M., Auble T.E., Stone R.A., et al. The emergency department community-acquired pneumonia trial: methodology of a quality improvement intervention. Ann Emerg Med 43 (2004) 770-782
    • (2004) Ann Emerg Med , vol.43 , pp. 770-782
    • Yealy, D.M.1    Auble, T.E.2    Stone, R.A.3
  • 22
    • 27644473067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services community-acquired pneumonia initiative: what went wrong?
    • Walls R.M., and Resnick J. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services community-acquired pneumonia initiative: what went wrong?. Ann Emerg Med 46 (2005) 409-411
    • (2005) Ann Emerg Med , vol.46 , pp. 409-411
    • Walls, R.M.1    Resnick, J.2
  • 23
    • 33646444112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JCAHO/CMS core measures for community-acquired pneumonia
    • Fee C., Sharpe B.A., Nguy M., et al. JCAHO/CMS core measures for community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Emerg Med 47 (2006) 505-506
    • (2006) Ann Emerg Med , vol.47 , pp. 505-506
    • Fee, C.1    Sharpe, B.A.2    Nguy, M.3
  • 24
    • 27644565754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood cultures for community-acquired pneumonia: can we hit the target without a shotgun?
    • Moran G.J., and Abrahamian F.M. Blood cultures for community-acquired pneumonia: can we hit the target without a shotgun?. Ann Emerg Med 46 (2005) 407-408
    • (2005) Ann Emerg Med , vol.46 , pp. 407-408
    • Moran, G.J.1    Abrahamian, F.M.2
  • 25
    • 33747794040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrowing in on JCAHO recommendations for community-acquired pneumonia
    • Rothman R.E., Quianzon C.C.L., and Kelen G.D. Narrowing in on JCAHO recommendations for community-acquired pneumonia. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 983-985
    • (2006) Acad Emerg Med , vol.13 , pp. 983-985
    • Rothman, R.E.1    Quianzon, C.C.L.2    Kelen, G.D.3
  • 26
    • 0027526556 scopus 로고
    • The origins, benefits, harms, and implications of emergency medicine clinical policies
    • Schriger D.L., Cantrill S.V., and Greene C.S. The origins, benefits, harms, and implications of emergency medicine clinical policies. Ann Emerg Med 22 (1993) 597-602
    • (1993) Ann Emerg Med , vol.22 , pp. 597-602
    • Schriger, D.L.1    Cantrill, S.V.2    Greene, C.S.3
  • 27
    • 33847155159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
    • Mandell L.A., Wunderink R.G., Anzueto A., et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 44 (2007) S27-S72
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.44
    • Mandell, L.A.1    Wunderink, R.G.2    Anzueto, A.3
  • 28
    • 0035122683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonvalue of the initial microbiological studies in the management of nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia
    • Theerthakarai R., El-Halees W., Ismail M., et al. Nonvalue of the initial microbiological studies in the management of nonsevere community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 119 (2001) 181-184
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , pp. 181-184
    • Theerthakarai, R.1    El-Halees, W.2    Ismail, M.3
  • 29
    • 8644234187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe community-acquired pneumonia: assessment of microbial aetiology as mortality factor
    • Paganin F., Lilienthal F., Bourdin A., et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia: assessment of microbial aetiology as mortality factor. Eur Respir J 24 (2004) 779-785
    • (2004) Eur Respir J , vol.24 , pp. 779-785
    • Paganin, F.1    Lilienthal, F.2    Bourdin, A.3
  • 30
    • 0242298139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aetiology and clinical presentation of mild community-acquired bacterial pneumonia
    • Beovic B., Bonac B., Kese D., et al. Aetiology and clinical presentation of mild community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 22 (2003) 584-591
    • (2003) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. 584-591
    • Beovic, B.1    Bonac, B.2    Kese, D.3
  • 31
    • 0344519703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of blood cultures to the clinical management of adult patients admitted to the hospital with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective observational study
    • Campbell S.G., Marrie T.J., Anstey R., et al. The contribution of blood cultures to the clinical management of adult patients admitted to the hospital with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective observational study. Chest 123 (2003) 1142-1150
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1142-1150
    • Campbell, S.G.1    Marrie, T.J.2    Anstey, R.3
  • 32
    • 0028826346 scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility of blood cultures in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia without defined underlying risks
    • Chalasani N.P., Valdecanas M.A., Gopal A.K., et al. Clinical utility of blood cultures in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia without defined underlying risks. Chest 108 (1995) 932-936
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , pp. 932-936
    • Chalasani, N.P.1    Valdecanas, M.A.2    Gopal, A.K.3
  • 33
    • 3242756686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limited usefulness of initial blood cultures in community acquired pneumonia
    • Corbo J., Friedman B., Bijur P., et al. Limited usefulness of initial blood cultures in community acquired pneumonia. Emerg Med J 21 (2004) 446-448
    • (2004) Emerg Med J , vol.21 , pp. 446-448
    • Corbo, J.1    Friedman, B.2    Bijur, P.3
  • 35
    • 0029972822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of routine microbial investigation in community-acquired pneumonia treated in a tertiary care center
    • Ewig S., Bauer T., Hasper E., et al. Value of routine microbial investigation in community-acquired pneumonia treated in a tertiary care center. Respiration 63 (1996) 164-169
    • (1996) Respiration , vol.63 , pp. 164-169
    • Ewig, S.1    Bauer, T.2    Hasper, E.3
  • 36
    • 0033542045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes and outcomes of care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: results from the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) cohort study
    • Fine M.J., Stone R.A., Singer D.E., et al. Processes and outcomes of care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: results from the Pneumonia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) cohort study. Arch Intern Med 159 (1999) 970-980
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 970-980
    • Fine, M.J.1    Stone, R.A.2    Singer, D.E.3
  • 37
    • 0032990275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of blood cultures in community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: influence of antibiotic treatment before admission
    • Glerant J.C., Hellmuth D., Schmit J.L., et al. Utility of blood cultures in community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: influence of antibiotic treatment before admission. Respir Med 93 (1999) 208-212
    • (1999) Respir Med , vol.93 , pp. 208-212
    • Glerant, J.C.1    Hellmuth, D.2    Schmit, J.L.3
  • 38
    • 0034931115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia on the usefulness of blood cultures
    • Waterer G.W., and Wunderink R.G. The influence of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia on the usefulness of blood cultures. Respir Med 95 (2001) 78-82
    • (2001) Respir Med , vol.95 , pp. 78-82
    • Waterer, G.W.1    Wunderink, R.G.2
  • 39
    • 27644440329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do emergency department blood cultures change practice in patients with pneumonia?
    • Kennedy M., Bates D.W., Wright S.B., et al. Do emergency department blood cultures change practice in patients with pneumonia?. Ann Emerg Med 46 (2005) 393-400
    • (2005) Ann Emerg Med , vol.46 , pp. 393-400
    • Kennedy, M.1    Bates, D.W.2    Wright, S.B.3
  • 40
    • 1642496876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting bacteremia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Metersky M.L., Ma A., Bratzler D.W., et al. Predicting bacteremia in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169 (2004) 342-347
    • (2004) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.169 , pp. 342-347
    • Metersky, M.L.1    Ma, A.2    Bratzler, D.W.3
  • 41
    • 20044394019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of intensive diagnostic microbiological investigation in low- and high-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • van der Eerden M.M., Vlaspolder F., de Graaff C.S., et al. Value of intensive diagnostic microbiological investigation in low- and high-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 24 (2005) 241-249
    • (2005) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 241-249
    • van der Eerden, M.M.1    Vlaspolder, F.2    de Graaff, C.S.3
  • 42
    • 33745247379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood cultures do not change management in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Ramanujam P., and Rathlev N.K. Blood cultures do not change management in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Acad Emerg Med 13 (2006) 740-745
    • (2006) Acad Emerg Med , vol.13 , pp. 740-745
    • Ramanujam, P.1    Rathlev, N.K.2
  • 43
    • 0032793392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients
    • Socan M., Marinic-Fiser N., Kraigher A., et al. Microbial aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 18 (1999) 777-782
    • (1999) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.18 , pp. 777-782
    • Socan, M.1    Marinic-Fiser, N.2    Kraigher, A.3
  • 44
    • 0025823333 scopus 로고
    • The value of routine microbial investigation in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Woodhead M.A., Arrowsmith J., Chamberlain-Webber R., et al. The value of routine microbial investigation in community-acquired pneumonia. Respir Med 85 (1991) 313-317
    • (1991) Respir Med , vol.85 , pp. 313-317
    • Woodhead, M.A.1    Arrowsmith, J.2    Chamberlain-Webber, R.3
  • 45
    • 0012816946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial microbiologic studies did not affect outcome in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Sanyal S., Smith P.R., Saha A.C., et al. Initial microbiologic studies did not affect outcome in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160 (1999) 346-348
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 346-348
    • Sanyal, S.1    Smith, P.R.2    Saha, A.C.3
  • 46
    • 0032723895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of blood cultures on antibiotic therapy in pneumococcal pneumonia
    • Waterer G.W., Jennings S.G., and Wunderink R.G. The impact of blood cultures on antibiotic therapy in pneumococcal pneumonia. Chest 116 (1999) 1278-1281
    • (1999) Chest , vol.116 , pp. 1278-1281
    • Waterer, G.W.1    Jennings, S.G.2    Wunderink, R.G.3
  • 47
    • 0035944368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processes of care, illness severity, and outcomes in the management of community-acquired pneumonia at academic hospitals
    • Dedier J., Singer D.E., Chang Y., et al. Processes of care, illness severity, and outcomes in the management of community-acquired pneumonia at academic hospitals. Arch Intern Med 161 (2001) 2099-2104
    • (2001) Arch Intern Med , vol.161 , pp. 2099-2104
    • Dedier, J.1    Singer, D.E.2    Chang, Y.3
  • 48
    • 0031472414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia
    • Meehan T.P., Fine M.J., Krumholz H.M., et al. Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia. JAMA 278 (1997) 2080-2084
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 2080-2084
    • Meehan, T.P.1    Fine, M.J.2    Krumholz, H.M.3
  • 49
    • 0026063937 scopus 로고
    • Contaminant blood cultures and resource utilization. The true consequences of false-positive results
    • Bates D.W., Goldman L., and Lee T.H. Contaminant blood cultures and resource utilization. The true consequences of false-positive results. JAMA 265 (1991) 365-369
    • (1991) JAMA , vol.265 , pp. 365-369
    • Bates, D.W.1    Goldman, L.2    Lee, T.H.3
  • 50
    • 1542719625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective observational study of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia: effect of discordant therapy on mortality
    • Lujan M., Gallego M., Fontanals D., et al. Prospective observational study of bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia: effect of discordant therapy on mortality. Crit Care Med 32 (2004) 625-631
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , pp. 625-631
    • Lujan, M.1    Gallego, M.2    Fontanals, D.3
  • 51
    • 0028332577 scopus 로고
    • Severe community-acquired pneumonia. Etiology, epidemiology, and prognosis factors. French Study Group for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit
    • Moine P., Vercken J.B., Chevret S., et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia. Etiology, epidemiology, and prognosis factors. French Study Group for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit. Chest 105 (1994) 1487-1495
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Moine, P.1    Vercken, J.B.2    Chevret, S.3
  • 52
    • 33746339953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics and pneumonia: is timing everything or just a cause of more problems?
    • Houck P.M. Antibiotics and pneumonia: is timing everything or just a cause of more problems?. Chest 130 (2006) 1-3
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 1-3
    • Houck, P.M.1
  • 53
    • 1642286527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Houck P.M., Bratzler D.W., Nsa W., et al. Timing of antibiotic administration and outcomes for Medicare patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 637-644
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 637-644
    • Houck, P.M.1    Bratzler, D.W.2    Nsa, W.3
  • 54
    • 33746334760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Waterer G.W., Kessler L.A., and Wunderink R.G. Delayed administration of antibiotics and atypical presentation in community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 130 (2006) 11-15
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , pp. 11-15
    • Waterer, G.W.1    Kessler, L.A.2    Wunderink, R.G.3
  • 55
    • 0242636978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early administration of antibiotics does not shorten time to clinical stability in patients with moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia
    • Silber S.H., Garrett C., Singh R., et al. Early administration of antibiotics does not shorten time to clinical stability in patients with moderate-to-severe community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 124 (2003) 1798-1804
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , pp. 1798-1804
    • Silber, S.H.1    Garrett, C.2    Singh, R.3
  • 56
    • 19044378448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing in-hospital mortality in community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective study of patients not initially admitted to the ICU
    • Marrie T.J., and Wu L. Factors influencing in-hospital mortality in community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective study of patients not initially admitted to the ICU. Chest 127 (2005) 1260-1270
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , pp. 1260-1270
    • Marrie, T.J.1    Wu, L.2
  • 57
    • 0037170578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid antibiotic delivery and appropriate antibiotic selection reduce length of hospital stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: link between quality of care and resource utilization
    • Battleman D.S., Callahan M., and Thaler H.T. Rapid antibiotic delivery and appropriate antibiotic selection reduce length of hospital stay of patients with community-acquired pneumonia: link between quality of care and resource utilization. Arch Intern Med 162 (2002) 682-688
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 682-688
    • Battleman, D.S.1    Callahan, M.2    Thaler, H.T.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.