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note
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Systematics: Class Mammalia; Clade Trechnotheria (1); Superfamily Spalacotheroidea (9,10); Family Zhangheotheriidae; Genus Maotherium (10); sp. nov. Maotherium asiaticus. Holotype: Henan Geological Museum, Zhengzhou, China (HGM 41H-III-0321; Figs. 1 and 2), an almost complete skull, and most of the postcranial skeleton. Etymology: asiaticas, Latin for the Asiatic provenance of zhangheotheriids. Locality and Age: Lujiatun Locality (120°54'41"E, 41°36'26"N), Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China; the Yixian Formation. The site dated to be 123.2 = 1.0 million years old 122). Diagnosis: 13, C1, P1, M5; i3, d, pi, m6. M. asiaticus is referred to Maotherium by apomorphies shared by Maotherium sinensis (type species): deep precondylar notch of mandible, a deep ectoflexus on upper molars with cusp B', a gradient in increasingly acute angle in triangulation of molar cusps toward the posterior molar, sigmoidal shape of the posterior ventral border of mandible. Differs from M. sinensis in having apomorphies of low central cusp between B' and C; M. asiaticus has the tibial distal styloid process and the proximolateral process of the metatarsal 5 (all three features absent in M. sinensis). Full diagnosis in 122).
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Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
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We thank G. Cui for fossil preparation; M. R. Dawson for improving the manuscript; and R. Asher, Y. Chai, and A. Tucker for discussion. Support from the 973 Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Q.J.); from Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Beijing) (C.-X.Y.), from NSF (USA), National Natural Science Foundation (China), and National Geographic Society (Z.-X.L.); and from Henan Provincial Government to Z.-L.Z. and L.X.
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We thank G. Cui for fossil preparation; M. R. Dawson for improving the manuscript; and R. Asher, Y. Chai, and A. Tucker for discussion. Support from the 973 Project of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Q.J.); from Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (Beijing) (C.-X.Y.), from NSF (USA), National Natural Science Foundation (China), and National Geographic Society (Z.-X.L.); and from Henan Provincial Government (to Z.-L.Z. and L.X.).
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