Automatic recognition of gait patterns exhibiting patellofemoral pain syndrome using a support vector machine approach

IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine

Volumn 13, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 810-817

  Lai, Daniel T H ^a   Levinger, Pazit T ^b   Begg, Rezaul K ^a   Gilleard, Wendy Lynne ^c   Palaniswami, Marimuthu ^d  

^a VICTORIA UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c SOUTHERN CROSS UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Gait analysis; Ground reaction forces (GRFs); Kinematics; Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS); Support vector machines (SVMs)

Indexed keywords

AGE GROUPS; AUTOMATED SYSTEMS; AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION; BIOMECHANICAL FACTORS; CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; CLASSIFICATION PERFORMANCE; FEATURE SELECTION; FEATURE SETS; GAIT PARAMETERS; GAIT PATTERN; GROUND REACTION FORCES; GROUND REACTION FORCES (GRFS); HILL CLIMBING; KINETIC FEATURES; KNEE PAIN; LEAVE-ONE-OUT; OPTIMAL CLASSIFIERS; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME (PFPS); PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROMES; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL DIFFERENCES; TEST RESULTS;

BIOMECHANICS; GAIT ANALYSIS; GEARS; IMAGE RETRIEVAL; KINEMATICS; MULTILAYER NEURAL NETWORKS; OPTIMIZATION; VECTORS;

SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; AUTOMATED PATTERN RECOGNITION; FEMALE; GAIT; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; TIBIA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALGORITHMS; ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE; FEMALE; GAIT; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME; PATTERN RECOGNITION, AUTOMATED; TIBIA;

EID: 70349427171     PISSN: 10897771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TITB.2009.2022927     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. J. E. Taunton, M. B. Byan, D. B. Clement, D. C. McKenzie, D. R. Lloyd-Smith, and B. D. Zumbo, "A retrospective case-control analysis of 2002 running injuries," Br. J. Sports Med., vol. 32, pp. 95-101, 2002.
2. C. Yates and W. A. Grana, "Patellofemoral pain-A prospective study," Orthopaedics, vol. 9, pp. 663-667, 1986.
3. P. D. Austermuehle, "Common knee injuries in primary care," Nurse Pract., vol. 26, pp. 26-45, 2001.
4. M. Fredericson and C. M. Powers, "Practical management of patellofemoral pain," Clin. J. Sport Med., vol. 12, pp. 36-38, 2002.
5. M. S. Juhn, "Patellofemoral pain syndrome: A review and guidelines for treatment," Amer. Fam. Phys., vol. 60, pp. 2012-2022, 1999.
6. R. P. Grelsamer and J. R. Klein, "The biomechanics of the patellofemoral joint," J. Orthopaedic Sports Phys. Therapy, vol. 28, pp. 286-298, 1998.
7. R. P. Grelsamer and J. McConnell, The Patella: A Team Approach. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen, 1998.
8. L. H. Woodland and R. S. Francis, "Parameters and comparisons of the quadriceps angle of college-aged men and women in the supine and standing positions," Amer. J. Sports Med., vol. 20, pp. 208-211, 1992.
9. P. G. Kramer, "Patella malalignment syndrome: Rationale to reduce excessive lateral pressure," J. Orthopaedic Sports Phys. Therapy, vol. 8, pp. 301-309, 1986.
10. M. R. Buchbinder, N. J. Napora, and E. W. Biggs, "The relationship of abnormal pronation to chondromalacia of the patella in distance runners," J. Amer. Podiatr. Assoc., vol. 69, pp. 159-162, 1979.
11. D. Tiberio, "The effect of excessive subtalar joint pronation on patellofemoral mechanics: A theoretical model," J. Orthopaedic Sports Phys. Therapy, vol. 9, pp. 160-165, 1987.
12. M. J. Duffey, D. Martin, W. Cannon, T. Craven, and S. P. Messier, "Etiology factors associated with anterior knee pain in distance runners," Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., vol. 32, pp. 1825-1832, 2000.
13. J. A. Coplan, "Rotational motion of the knee: A comparison of normal and pronating subjects," J. Orthopaedic Sports Phys. Therapy, vol. 10, pp. 366-369, 1989.
14. K. A. Kirby, "Biomechanics of the normal and abnormal foot," J. Amer. Podiatr. Med. Assoc., vol. 90, pp. 30-34, 2000.
15. J. Hamill, B. T. Bates, and K. G. Holt, "Timing of lower extremity joint actions during treadmill running," Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., vol. 24, pp. 807-813, 1992.
16. S. P. Messier, S. E. Davis, W. W. Curl, R. B. Lowery, and R. J. Pack, "Etiologic factors associated with patellofemoral pain in runners," Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., vol. 23, pp. 1008-1015, 1991.
17. M. J. Callaghan and V. Baltzopoulos, "Gait analysis in patients with anterior knee pain," Clin. Biomech., vol. 9, pp. 79-84, 1994.
18. C. M. Powers, P. Chen, S. F. Reischl, and J. Perry, "Comparison of foot pronation and lower extremity rotation in persons with and without patellofemoral pain," Foot Ankle Int., vol. 23, pp. 634-640, 2002.
19. P. Levinger and W. Gilleard, "Tibia and rearfoot motion and ground reaction forces in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome duringwalking," Gait Posture, vol. 25, pp. 2-8, 2007.
20. C. M. Powers, J. G. Heino, S. Rao, and J. Perry, "The influence of patellofemoral pain on lower limb loading during gait," Clin. Biomech., vol. 14, pp. 722-728, 1999.
21. L. Edenbrandt, B. Devine, and P. W. Macfarlane, "Neural networks for classification of ECGST-T segments," J. Electrocardiol., vol. 26, pp. 239-240, 1993.
22. R. T. Lauer, B. T. Smith, and R. R. Betz, "Application of a neuro-fuzzy network for gait event detection using electromyography in the child with cerebral palsy," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 1532-1540, Sep. 2005.
23. R. Begg, D. Lai, S. Taylor, and M. Palaniswami, "SVM models in the diagnosis of balance impairments," in Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Intell. Sens. Inf. Process., 2005, vol. 1, pp. 248-253.
24. G. Bortolan and J. L. Willems, "Diagnostic ECG classification based on neural networks," J. Electrocardiol., vol. 26, pp. 75-79, 1993.
25. V. N. Vapnik, The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory, 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2000.
26. R. K. Begg, M. Palaniswami, and B. Owen, "Support vector machines for automated gait recognition," IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 828-838, May 2005.
27. S. S. Haykin, Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1999.
28. B. Schölkopf and A. J. Smola, Learning With Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, Optimization, and Beyond. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.
29. M. Biscevic, D. Tomic, V. Starc, and D. Smrke, "Gender differences in knee kinematics and its possible consequences," Croat. Med. J., vol. 46, pp. 253-260, 2005.
30. W. J. Hurd, T. L.Chmielewski, M. J. Axe, I. Davis, and L. Snyder-Mackler, "Differences in normal and perturbed walking kinematics between male and female athletes," Clin. Biomech., vol. 19, pp. 465-472, 2004.
31. I. McClay and K. Manal, "A comparison of three-dimensional lower extremity kinematics during running between excessive pronators and normals," Clin. Biomech., vol. 13, pp. 195-203, 1998.
32. I. Guyon and A. Elisseeff, "An introduction to variable and feature selection," J. Mach. Learn. Res., vol. 3, pp. 1157-1182, 2003.
33. T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, and J. H. Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction. NewYork: Springer-Verlag, 2001.
34. D. J. Stefanyshyn, P. Stergiou, V. M. Lun, W. H. Meeuwisse, and J. T. Worobets, "Knee angular impulse as a predictor of patellofemoral pain in runners," Amer. J. Sports Med., vol. 34, pp. 1844-1851, 2006.
35. Y. Thijs, D. Van Tiggelen,, P. Roosen, D. De Clercq,, and E. Witvrouw, " A prospective study on gait-related intrinsic risk factors for patellofemoral pain," Clin. J. Sport Med., vol. 17, pp. 437-445, 2007.
36. R. Donatelli, "Abnormal biomechanics of the foot and ankle," J. Orthopaedic Sports Phys. Therapy, vol. 9, pp. 11-16, 1987.
37. M. L. Root, W. P. Orien, and J. H. Weed, Normal and Abnormal Function of Foot: Clinical Biomechanics. vol. 2, Los Angeles, CA: Clin. Biomech. Corp., 1977.
38. N. Stergiou, B. T. Bates, and S. L. James, "Asynchrony between subtalar and knee joint function during running," Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., vol. 31, pp. 1645-1655, 1999.
39. C. P. Chen, M. J. Chen, Y. C. Pei, H. L. Lew, P. Y. Wong, and S. F. Tang, "Sagittal plane loading response during gait in different age groups and in people with knee osteoarthritis," Amer. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil., vol. 82, pp. 307-312, 2003.
40. A. E. Hunt and R. M. Smith, "Mechanism and control of the flat versus normal foot during the stance phase of walking," Clin. Biomech., vol. 19, pp. 391-397, 2004.