The pattern of physical activity in relation to health outcomes in boys

International Journal of Pediatric Obesity

Volumn 4, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 306-315

  Stone, Michelle R ^a   Rowlands, Ann V ^a   Middlebrooke, Andrew R ^a   Jawis, M Nidzam ^a   Eston, Roger G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Accelerometry; Child; Endothelial function; Health; Iontophoresis

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM; OXYGEN;

ACCELEROMETRY; AEROBIC CAPACITY; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHILD; CHILD HEALTH; EXERCISE; FOREARM BLOOD FLOW; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IONTOPHORESIS; LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; LEAN BODY WEIGHT; MALE; MICROVASCULATURE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REST; SCHOOL CHILD; SEX DIFFERENCE; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ACCELERATION; ACETYLCHOLINE; ACTIGRAPHY; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; EXERCISE; FOREARM; HABITS; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; IONTOPHORESIS; LASER-DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; MALE; MICROCIRCULATION; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NITROPRUSSIDE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; REGIONAL BLOOD FLOW; SKIN; TIME FACTORS; VASODILATION; VASODILATOR AGENTS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 70349277098     PISSN: 17477166     EISSN: 17477174     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/17477160902846179     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Strong WB, Malina RM, Blimkie CJ, et al. Evidence based physical activity for school-age youth. J Pediatr. 2005;/146:/ 732-7.
2. Health Canada and the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology. Canada's physical activity guide for youth. Cat. No. H39-611/2002-IE. Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, Ottawa, Ont; 2002.
3. Corbin CB, Pangrazi RP. Physical activity for children: a statement of guidelines for children aged 5-12, 2nd ed. Reston, Va: National Association for Sport and Physical Education; 2004.
4. Baranowski T, Hooks P, Tsong Y, et al. Aerobic physical activity among third- to sixth-grade children. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1987;/8:/203-6.
5. Trost SG, Pate RR, Sallis JF, et al. Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;/34:/350-5.
6. Rowlands AV, Pilgrim EL, Eston RG. Patterns of habitual activity across weekdays and weekend days in 9-11-year-old children. Prev Med. 2008;/46:/317-24.
7. Bailey RC, Olson J, Pepper SL, et al. The level and tempo of children's physical activities: an observational study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;/27:/1033-41.
8. Berman N, Bailey R, Barstow TJ, et al. Spectral and bout detection analysis of physical activity patterns in healthy, prepubertal boys and girls. Am J Human Biol. 1998;/10:/ 289-97.
9. Rowlands AV. Accelerometer assessment of physical activity in children: an update. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2007;/19:/252-66.
10. Baquet G, Stratton G, Van Praagh E, et al. Improving physical activity assessment in prepubertal children with high-frequency accelerometry monitoring: a methodological issue. Prev Med. 2007;/44:/143-7.
11. Riddoch CJ, Mattocks C, Deere K, et al. Objective measurement of levels and patterns of physical activity. Arch Dis Child. 2007;/92:/963-9.
12. Dencker M, Andersen LB. Health-related aspects of objectively measured daily physical activity in children. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2008;/28:/133-44.
13. Andersen LB, Harro M, Sardinha LB, et al. Physical activity and clustered cardiovascular risk in children: a cross-sectional study (The European Youth Heart Study). Lancet. 2006;/368:/ 299-304. (Pubitemid 44067246)
14. Leary SD, Ness AR, Smith GD, et al. Physical activity and blood pressure in childhood: findings from a populationbased study. Hypertension. 2008;/51:/92-8.
15. Vita JA, Keaney JF Jr. Endothelial function: a barometer for cardiovascular risk? Circulation. 2002;/106:/640-2.
16. Watts K, Beye P, Siafarikas A, et al. Exercise training normalizes vascular dysfunction and improves central adiposity in obese adolescents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;/43:/ 1823-7
17. Abbott RA, Harkness MA, Davies PS. Correlation of habitual physical activity levels with flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery in 5-10 year old children. Atherosclerosis. 2002;/160:/233-9.
18. Huonker M, Halle M, Keul J. Structural and functional adaptations of the cardiovascular system by training. Int J Sports Med. 1996;/17(Suppl 3):/S164-72.
19. Mattocks C, Leary S, Ness A, et al. Calibration of an accelerometer during free-living activities in children. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2007;/2:/218-26.
20. Masse LC, Fuemmeler BF, Anderson CB, et al. Accelerometer data reduction: a comparison of four reduction algorithms on select outcome variables. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;/37:/S544-54.
21. Rudolf MC, Greenwood DC, Cole TJ, et al. Rising obesity and expanding waistlines in schoolchildren: a cohort study. Arch Dis Child. 2004;/89:/235-7.
22. Slaughter MH, Lohman TG, Boileau RA, et al. Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum Biol. 1988;/60:/709-23.
23. Armstrong N, Faulkner S. Aerobic fitness. In: Armstrong N, ed. Paediatric Exercise Physiology. London, UK: Elsevier, 2007. p. 166.
24. Rowland T. Aerobic Fitness. In: Rowland T, ed. Children's Exercise Physiology, 2nd ed. Human Kinetics, 1999. p. 92.
25. Rowlands AV, Eston RG, Ingledew DK. Relationship between activity levels, aerobic fitness, and body fat in 8- to 10-yr-old children. J Appl Physiol. 1999;/86:/1428-35.
26. Ramsay JE, Ferrell WR, Greer IA, et al. Factors critical to iontophoretic assessment of vascular reactivity: implications for clinical studies of endothelial dysfunction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2002;/39:/9-17.
27. Malkova D, Evans RD, Frayn KN, et al. Prior exercise and postprandial substrate extraction across the human leg. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000;/279:/E1020-8.
28. Rossi M, Santoro G, Maurizio S, et al. Spectral analysis of skin blood flowmotion before and after exercise in healthy trained and in sedentary subjects. Int J Sports Med. 2006;/27:/ 540-5.
29. Kvernmo HD, Stefanovska A, Kirkeboen KA, et al. Enhanced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in human skin vasculature induced by physical conditioning. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1998;/79:/30-6.
30. Reed KE, Warburton DE, Lewanczuk RZ, et al. Arterial compliance in young children: the role of aerobic fitness. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2005;/12:/492-7.
31. Kingwell BA, Sherrard B, Jennings GL, et al. Four weeks of cycle training increases basal production of nitric oxide from the forearm. Am J Physiol. 1997;/272:/H1070-7.
32. Goodyear LJ, Hirshman MF, Horton ES. Exercise-induced translocation of skeletal muscle glucose transporters. Am J Physiol. 1991;/261:/E795-9.
33. Gielen S, Hambrecht R. The childhood obesity epidemic: impact on endothelial function. Circulation. 2004;/109:/ 1911-3.
34. Brown MD. Exercise and coronary vascular remodelling in the healthy heart. Exp Physiol. 2003;/88:/645-58.
35. Goldberger AL, Peng CK, Lipsitz LA. What is physiologic complexity and how does it change with aging and disease? Neurobiol Aging. 2002;/23:/23-6.
36. Goldberger AL. Fractal variability versus pathologic periodicity: complexity loss and stereotypy in disease. Perspect Biol Med. 1997;/40:/543-61.
37. Nagai N, Matsumoto T, Kita H, et al. Autonomic nervous system activity and the state and development of obesity in Japanese school children. Obes Res. 2003;/11:/25-32.
38. Nagai N, Moritani T. Effect of physical activity on autonomic nervous system function in lean and obese children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2004;/28:/27-33.
39. Kaufman CL, Kaiser DR, Steinberger J, et al. Relationships of cardiac autonomic function with metabolic abnormalities in childhood obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007;/15:/ 1164-71.
40. Ness AR, Leary SD, Mattocks C, et al. Objectively Measured Physical Activity and FatMass in a Large Cohort of Children. PLoS Med. 2007;/4:/e97.
41. Healy GN, Dunstan DW, Salmon J, et al. Breaks in sedentary time: beneficial associations with metabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 2008;/31:/661-6.
42. Riddoch CJ, Bo Andersen L, Wedderkopp N, et al. Physical activity levels and patterns of 9- and 15-yr-old European children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;/36:/86-92.
43. Slyper AH. Clinical review 168: What vascular ultrasound testing has revealed about pediatric atherogenesis, and a potential clinical role for ultrasound in pediatric risk assessment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;/89:/3089-95.
44. McCarthy HD, Jarrett KV, Crawley HF. The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0-16.9 y. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001;/55:/902-7.
45. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: A Working Group Report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. Pediatr. 1996;98:649-58.