Medicine and public health in a multiethnic world

Journal of Public Health

Volumn 31, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 315-321

  Bhopal, Raj ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ethnicity; Health services; Population groups; Public health; Race

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; CULTURAL COMPETENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ETHNIC GROUP; GENETICS; HEALTH DISPARITY; HUMAN; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METHODOLOGY; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; RACE; RISK FACTOR; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; CULTURAL COMPETENCY; DATA COLLECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; ETHNIC GROUPS; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HUMANS; PREJUDICE; PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 70349228856     PISSN: 17413842     EISSN: 17413850     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdp069     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. McBride G. The coming of age of multicultural medicine. PLoS Med 2005;2:0181-182
2. Daniels K, Swartz L. Understanding health care workers' anxieties in a diversifying world. PLoS Med 2007;4(11):e319.
3. Rankin J, Bhopal R. Understanding of heart disease and diabetes in a South Asian community: cross-sectional study testing the 'snowball' sample method. Public Health 2001;115:253-260
4. Kai J, Bhopal R. Ethnic diversity in health and disease. In: Kai J (ed). Ethnicity, Health and Primary Care. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications, 2003,15-25.
5. Welshman J, Bashford A. Tuberculosis, migration, and medical examination: lessons from history. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60:282-284
6. Gould SJ. The Mismeasure of Man. London: Pelican Books Ltd, 1984.
7. Blumenbach JF. The Anthropological Treatises of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach. London: Anthropological Society, 1865.
8. Bhopal R. The beautiful skull and Blumenbach's errors: the birth of the scientific concept of race. Br Med J 2007;335(7633):1308-1309
9. Nevell L, Gordon A, Wood B. Homo floresiensis and Homo sapiens size-adjusted cranial shape variation. Am J Phys Anthropol 2007;44:177-178
10. Neanderthal. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 2008. Available from URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthal (1 July 2009, date last accessed).
11. Bhopal RS. Ethnicity, Race, and Health in Multicultural Societies; Foundations for Better Epidemiology, Public Health, and Health Care. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
12. Afshari R, Bhopal RS. Changing pattern of use of 'ethnicity' and 'race' in scientific literature. Int J Epidemiol 2002;31(5):1074.
13. Bhopal R. Glossary of terms relating to ethnicity and race: for reflection and debate. Journal Epidemiological Community Health 2003;58:441-445
14. Kohn M. The Race Gallery: The Return of Racial Science. London: Jonathan Cape, 1995.
15. Gill PS, Kai J, Bhopal RS et al. Health care needs assessment: black and minority ethnic groups. In: Stevens A (ed). The Epidemiologically Based Needs Assessment Reviews. Abingdon: Radcliffe Medical Press Ltd, 2007. http://www.hcna.bham.ac.uk/documents/04-HCNA3-D4.pdf (1 July 2009, date last accessed).]
16. Senior P, Bhopal RS. Ethnicity as a variable in epidemiological research. Br Med J 1994;309:327-329
17. Harper S, Lynch J, Meersman SC et al. An overview of methods for monitoring social disparities in cancer with an example using trends in lung cancer incidence by area-socioeconomic position and race-ethnicity, 1992-2004. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167(8): 889-899
18. Bhopal RS. Re: An overview of methods for monitoring social disparities in cancer with an example using trends in lung cancer incidence by area-socioeconomic position and race-ethnicity, 1992-2004. Am J Epidemiol 2008;168(10):1214-1216
19. Freemantle CJ, Read AW, de Klerk NH et al. Patterns, trends, and increasing disparities in mortality for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal infants born in Western Australia, 1980-2001: population database study. Lancet 2006;367:1758-1766
20. Bhopal R, Unwin N, White M et al. Heterogeneity of coronary heart disease risk factors in Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi and European origin populations: cross sectional study. Br Med J 1999;319: 215-220
21. Mensah GA, Mokdad AH, Ford ES et al. State of disparities in cardiovascular health in the United States. Circulation 2005;111(10): 1233-1241
22. Bhopal R, Rahemtulla T, Sheikh A. Persistent high stroke mortality in Bangladeshi populations. Br Med J 2005;331:1096-1097
23. Sniderman AD, Bhopal R, Prabhakaran D et al. Why might South Asians be so susceptible to central obesity and its atherogenic consequences? The adipose tissue overflow hypothesis. Int J Epidemiol 2007;36(1):220-225
24. Marmot MG, Adelstein AM, Bulusu L. Immigrant Mortality in England and Wales 1970-1978. Causes of Death by Country of Birth. London: HMSO, 1984.
25. The Department of Health. Health Survey for England 1999: The Health of Minority Ethnic Groups, Vols 1 and 2. London: The Stationary Office, 1999.
26. Harper S, Lynch J, Burris S et al. Trends in the black-white life expectancy gap in the United States, 1983-2003. JAMA 2007;297(11):1224-1232
27. MacPherson W. The Stephen Lawrence Inquiry Report. London: The Stationery Office, 1999.
28. Bhopal RS. Hitler on race and health in Mein Kampf: a stimulus to anti-racism in the health professions. Diversity Health Social Care 2005;2:119-125
29. Guilfoyle J, Kelly L, Pierre-Hansen N. Prejudice in medicine: our role in creating health care disparities. Can Fam Physician 2008;54(11):1511-1513
30. Montagu A. Man's Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race. 6th edn. London: Sage Publications Ltd, 1997.
31. Johnson JA. Ethnic differences in cardiovascular drug response: potential contribution of pharmacogenetics. Circulation 2008;118(13): 1383-1393
32. Hunt LM, Megyesi MS. The ambiguous meanings of the racial/ ethnic categories routinely used in human genetics research. Soc Sci Med 2008;66(2):349-361
33. Taylor AL, Ziesche S, Yancy C et al. Combination of isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine in blacks with heart failure. N Engl J Med 2004;351:2049-2057
34. Temple R, Stockbridge NL. BiDil for heart failure in black patients: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration perspective. Ann Intern Med 2007;146:57-62.
35. Lee S, Mountain J, Koenig B et al. The ethics of characterizing difference: guiding principles on using racial categories in human genetics. Genome Biol 2008;9(7):404.
36. Kaplan JB, Bennett T. Use of race and ethnicity in biomedical publication. JAMA 2003;289:2709-2716
37. Mckeigue PM. Mapping genes underlying ethnic differences in disease risk by linkage disequilibrium in recently admixed populations. Am J Hum Genet 1997;60:188-196
38. Kai J, Spencer J, Wilkes M et al. Learning to value ethnic diversity-what, why and how? Med Educ 1999;33:616-623
39. Caldwell SH, Popenoe R. Perceptions and misperceptions of skin color. Am Coll Phys 1995;122:41-43