Maintaining bone density in patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer: Is there an adjuvant benefit?

Clinical Breast Cancer

Volumn 9, Issue SUPPL.1, 2009, Pages

  Gnant, Michael ^a   Dubsky, Peter ^a   Fitzal, Florian ^a   Blaha, Peter ^a   Schoppmann, Sebastian ^a   Steger, Günther ^a   Marth, Christian ^b   Samonigg, Hellmut ^c   Hüttner, Katharina ^d   Fohler, Hannes ^d   Ruecklinger, Ernst ^d   Jakesz, Raimund ^a   Greil, Richard ^e  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b INNSBRUCK MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Austria)

^c MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

^d Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group   (Austria)

^e PARACELSUS MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Austria)

Author keywords

Bisphosphonates; Bone loss; Clodronate; Disease recurrence; Endocrine therapy; Risedronate; Zoledronic acid

Indexed keywords

ANASTROZOLE; ANTHRACYCLINE DERIVATIVE; ANTIESTROGEN; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; BISPHOSPHONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; CLODRONIC ACID; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DENOSUMAB; ETIDRONIC ACID; FLUOROURACIL; FULVESTRANT; GOSERELIN; IBANDRONIC ACID; LETROZOLE; METHOTREXATE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR INHIBITOR; PAMIDRONIC ACID; PLACEBO; RISEDRONIC ACID; TAMOXIFEN; TOREMIFENE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZOLEDRONIC ACID; BONE DENSITY CONSERVATION AGENT; PHARMACEUTICAL VEHICLES AND ADDITIVES;

ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BODY DENSITY; BONE DENSITY; BONE MARROW METASTASIS; BONE METASTASIS; BONE TURNOVER; BREAST CANCER; CANCER ADJUVANT THERAPY; CANCER PREVENTION; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG BINDING; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INHIBITION; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NONHUMAN; OSTEOLYSIS; OSTEOPENIA; OVARY INSUFFICIENCY; POSTMENOPAUSE; POSTMENOPAUSE OSTEOPOROSIS; PREMENOPAUSE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR VOLUME; BREAST TUMOR; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; METABOLIC BONE DISEASE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW;

ADJUVANTS, PHARMACEUTIC; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; BONE DENSITY; BONE DENSITY CONSERVATION AGENTS; BONE DISEASES, METABOLIC; BREAST NEOPLASMS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIPHOSPHONATES; FEMALE; HUMANS;

EID: 70249149001     PISSN: 15268209     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3816/CBC.2009.s.002     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Garcia M, Jemal A, Ward EM, et al. Global Cancer Facts & Figures, 2007. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society; 2007.
2. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 2005;365:1687-717.
3. Winer E P, Hudis C, Burstein HJ, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology technology assessment on the use of aromatase inhibitors as adjuvant therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: status report 2004. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:619-29.
4. Cummings SR, Browner WS, Bauer D, et al. Endogenous hormones and the risk of hip and vertebral fractures among older women. N Engl J Med 1998;339:733-8.
5. Bjarnason K, Hassager C, Ravn P, et al. Early postmenopausal diminution of forearm and spinal bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study. Osteoporos Int 1995;5:35-8.
6. Finkelstein JS, Brockwell SE, Mehta V, et al. Bone mineral density changes during the menopause transition in a multiethnic cohort of women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:861-8.
7. Mazzuoli G, Acca M, Pisani D, et al. Annual skeletal balance and metabolic bone marker changes in healthy early postmenopausal women: results of a prospective study. Bone 2000;26:381-6.
8. Pouilles JM, Tremollieres F, Ribot C. Effect of menopause on femoral and vertebral bone loss. J Bone Miner Res 1995;10:1531-6.
9. Zhang HC, Kushida K, Atsumi K, et al. Effects of age and menopause on spinal bone mineral density in Japanese women: a ten-year prospective study. Calcif Tissue Int 2002;70:153-7.
10. Warming L, Hassager C, Christiansen C. Changes in bone mineral density with age in men and women: a longitudinal study. Osteoporos Int 2002;13:105-12.
11. Brodie A, Lu Q, Long B. Aromatase and its inhibitors. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1999;69:205-10.
12. Eastell R, Hannon RA, Cuzick J, et al. Effect of an aromatase inhibitor on BMD and bone turnover markers: 2-year results of the Anastrozole, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) trial (18233230). J Bone Miner Res 2006;21:1215-23.
13. Pfeilschifter J, Diel IJ. Osteoporosis due to cancer treatment: pathogenesis and management. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:1570-93.
14. Shapiro CL, Manola J, Leboff M. Ovarian failure after adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with rapid bone loss in women with early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:3306-11.
15. Bines J, Oleske DM, Cobleigh MA. Ovarian function in premenopausal women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1996;14:1718-29.
16. Bruning P F, Pit MJ, de Jong-Bakker M, et al. Bone mineral density after adjuvant chemotherapy for premenopausal breast cancer. Br J Cancer 1990;61:308-10.
17. Lower EE, Blau R, Gazder P, et al. The risk of premature menopause induced by chemotherapy for early breast cancer. J Womens Health Gend Based Med 1999;8:949-54.
18. Nordin BE, Need AG, Chatterton BE, et al. The relative contributions of age and years since menopause to postmenopausal bone loss. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:83-8.
19. Boyle WJ, Simonet WS, Lacey DL. Osteoclast differentiation and activation. Nature 2003;423:337-42.
20. Rogers MJ, Gordon S, Benford HL, et al. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates. Cancer 2000;88(suppl) :2961-78.
21. Hillner BE, Ingle JN, Chlebowski RT, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2003 update on the role of bisphosphonates and bone health issues in women with breast cancer [published correction appears in J Clin Oncol 2004;22:1351].
22. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:4042-57.
23. Lipton A, Cook R, Saad F, et al. Normalization of bone markers is associated with improved survival in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors and elevated bone resorption receiving zoledronic acid. Cancer 2008;113:193-201.
24. Aapro MS. Long-term implications of bone loss in breast cancer. Breast 2004;13(suppl 1):S29-37.
25. Winter MC, Holen I, Coleman RE. Exploring the anti-tumour activity of bisphosphonates in early breast cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2008;34:453-75.
26. Lipton A, Jun. S. RANKL inhibition in the treatment of bone metastases. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2008;2:197-203.
27. Ellis GK, Bone HG, Chlebowski RT, et al. Randomized trial of denosumab in patients receiving adjuvant aromatase inhibitors for nonmetastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:4875-82.
28. Saarto T, Blomqvist C, Välimäki M, et al. Chemical castration induced by adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil chemotherapy causes rapid bone loss that is reduced by clodronate: a randomized study in premenopausal breast cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 1997;15:1341-7.
29. Vehmanen L, Saarto T, Elomaa I, et al. Long-term impact of chemotherapyinduced ovarian failure on bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal breast cancer patients. The effect of adjuvant clodronate treatment. Eur J Cancer 2001;37:2373-8.
30. Saarto T, Vehmanen L, Blomqvist C, et al. Ten-year follow-up of 3 years of oral adjuvant clodronate therapy shows significant prevention of osteoporosis in earlystage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:4289-95.
31. Delmas PD, Balena R, Confravreux E, et al. Bisphosphonate risedronate prevents bone loss in women with artificial menopause due to chemotherapy of breast cancer: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Oncol 1997;15:955-62.
32. Fuleihan GE-H, Salamoun M, Mourad YA, et al. Pamidronate in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced bone loss in premenopausal women with breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:3209-14.
33. Rosen LS, Gordon DH, Dugan W Jr, et al. Zoledronic acid is superior to pamidronate for the treatment of bone metastases in breast carcinoma patients with at least one osteolytic lesion. Cancer 2004;100:36-43
34. Black DM, Delmas PD, Eastell R, et al. Once-yearly zoledronic acid for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1809-22.
35. Brown JE, Ellis S P, Lester JE, et al. Prolonged efficacy of a single dose of the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid. Clin Cancer Res 2007;13:5406-10.
36. Hershman DL, McMahon DJ, Crew KD, et al. Zoledronic acid prevents bone loss in premenopausal women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:4739-45.
37. Gnant M, Mlineritsch B, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, et al. Adjuvant endocrine therapy plus zoledronic acid in premenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer: 5-year follow-up of the ABCSG-12 bone-mineral density substudy. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:840-9.
38. Gnant M F, Mlineritsch B, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, et al. Zoledronic acid prevents cancer treatment-induced bone loss in premenopausal women receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy for hormone-responsive breast cancer: a report from the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:820-8.
39. Shapiro CL, Halabi S, Gibson G, et al. Zoledronic acid preserves bone mineral density in premenopausal women who develop ovarian failure due to adjuvant chemotherapy. Presented at: 44th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology; May 30-June 3, 2008; Chicago, IL. Abstract 512.
40. Saarto T, Vehmanen L, Elomaa I, et al. The effect of clodronate and antioestrogens on bone loss associated with oestrogen withdrawal in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2001;84:1047-51.
41. Confavreux CB, Fontana A, Guastalla J P, et al. Estrogen-dependent increase in bone turnover and bone loss in postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated with anastrozole. Prevention with bisphosphonates. Bone 2007;41:346-52.
42. Greenspan SL, Brufsky A, Lembersky BC, et al. Risedronate prevents bone loss in breast cancer survivors: a 2-year, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2644-52.
43. Schenk N, Lombart A, Frassol[da]ti A, et al. The E-ZO-FAST trial: zoledronic acid (ZA) effectively inhibits aromatase inhibitor associated bone loss (AIBL) in postmenopausal women (PMW) with early breast cancer (EBC) receiving adjuvant letrozole (Let). Eur J Cancer Suppl 2007;5:186 (abstract 2008).
44. Brufsky A, Bundred N, Coleman R, et al. Integrated analysis of zoledronic acid for prevention of aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant letrozole. Oncologist 2008;13:503-14.
45. Frassoldati A, Brufsky A, Bundred N, et al. The effect of zoledronic acid on aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer receiving adjuvant letrozole: 24-month integrated follow-up of the Z-FAST and ZO-FAST trials. Presented at: 33rd Congress of the European Society for Medical Oncology; September 12-16, 2008; Stockholm, Sweden. Abstract 185 PD
46. Hines SL, Mincey BA, Sloan JA, et al. N02C1: a phase III randomized, placebocontrolled, double-blind trial of risedronate for prevention of bone loss in premenopausal women undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(suppl) :12s (abstract 525).
47. Van Poznak C, Hannon RA, Clack G, et al. The SABRE (Study of Anastrozole with the Bisphosphonate Risedronate) study: 12-month analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007;106(suppl 1):S37 (abstract 502).
48. Singh S, Cuzick J, Edwards R, et al. Effect of anastrozole on bone mineral density after one year of treatment: results from bone sub-study of the International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS-II). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007;106(suppl 1): S9 (abstract 28).
49. Lester JE, Dodwell D, Purohit O P, et al. Use of monthly oral ibandronate to prevent anastrozole-induced bone loss during adjuvant treatment for breast cancer: two-year results from the ARIBON study. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(15 suppl) :19s (abstract 554).
50. Study to determine treatment effects of denosumab in patients with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy: ClinicalTrials.gov [Web site]. Available at: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00556374. Accessed: April 30, 2009.
51. Mundy GR. Metastasis to bone: causes, consequences and therapeutic opportunities. Nat Rev Cancer 2002;2:584-93.
52. Zaghloul MS, Boutrus R, El-Hosieny H, et al. A controlled prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial of zoledronic acid in bony metastatic bladder cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(suppl) :257s (abstract 5033).
53. Avilés A, Nambo MJ, Neri N, et al. Antitumor effect of zoledronic acid in previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma. Med Oncol 2007;24:227-30.
54. Mystakidou K, Katsouda E, Parpa E, et al. Randomized, open label, prospective study on the effect of zoledronic acid on the prevention of bone metastases in patients with recurrent solid tumors that did not present with bone metastases at baseline. Med Oncol 2005;22:195-201.
55. Lin A, Park J, Melisko M, et al. Zoledronic acid as adjuvant therapy for women with early stage breast cancer and occult tumor cells in bone marrow. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007;106(suppl 1):S40 (abstract 510).
56. Rack BK, Jueckstock J, Genss E-M, et al. Effect of zoledronate on persisting isolated tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients without recurrence of early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007;106(suppl 1):S40 (abstract 511).
57. Lin AY, Park JW, Scott J, et al. Zoledronic acid as adjuvant therapy for women with early stage breast cancer and disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow. J Clin Oncol 2008;26(suppl) :20s (abstract 559).
58. Vincenzi B, Santini D, Dicuonzo G, et al. Zoledronic acid-related angiogenesis modifications and survival in advanced breast cancer patients. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2005;25:144-51.
59. Powles T, Paterson A, McCloskey E, et al. Reduction in bone relapse and improved survival with oral clodronate for adjuvant treatment of operable breast cancer [ISRCTN83688026] [published correction appears in Breast Cancer Res 2006;8:406].
60. Breast Cancer Res 2006;8:R13.
61. Diel IJ, Solomayer E-F, Costa SD, et al. Reduction in new metastases in breast cancer with adjuvant clodronate treatment. N Engl J Med 1998;339:357-63.
62. Diel IJ, Jaschke A, Solomayer E F, et al. Adjuvant oral clodronate improves the overall survival of primary breast cancer patients with micrometastases to the bone marrow: a long-term follow-up. Ann Oncol 2008;19:2007-11.
63. Saarto T, Blomqvist C, Virkkunen P, et al. Adjuvant clodronate treatment does not reduce the frequency of skeletal metastases in node-positive breast cancer patients: 5-year results of a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:10-7.
64. Saarto T, Vehmanen L, Virkkunen P, et al. Ten-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of adjuvant clodronate treatment in node-positive breast cancer patients. Acta Oncol 2004;43:650-6.
65. Ha TC, Li H. Meta-analysis of clodronate and breast cancer survival. Br J Cancer 2007;96:1796-801.
66. Gnant M, Mlineritsch B, Schippinger W, et al. Endocrine therapy plus zoledronic acid in premenopausal breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2009;360:679-91.
67. Gnant M, Mlineritsch B, Schippinger W, et al. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) improved disease-free (DFS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in premenopausal women with early breast cancer (ERBC) receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy: multivariate analysis of efficacy data from the Austrian Breast and Colorectal Cancer Study Group (ABCSG)-12. Ann Oncol 2008;19(suppl 8):44 (abstract 69O).