Shifting Development in Mid-Childhood: The Influence of Between-Task Interference

Developmental Psychology

Volumn 45, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1465-1479

  Cragg, Lucy ^a   Nation, Kate ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

congruence; development; executive function; task switching

Indexed keywords

AGE; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; ATTENTION; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; COLOR VISION; CONFLICT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PATTERN RECOGNITION; PHOTOSTIMULATION; PHYSIOLOGY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; REACTION TIME; TASK PERFORMANCE;

AGE FACTORS; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ATTENTION; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COLOR PERCEPTION; CONFLICT (PSYCHOLOGY); CUES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PATTERN RECOGNITION, VISUAL; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS;

EID: 70249136932     PISSN: 00121649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0015360     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Allport A., Styles E.A., and Hsieh S. Shifting intentional set: Exploring the dynamic control of tasks. In: Umiltà C., and Moscovitch M. (Eds). Attention and performance XV: Conscious and nonconscious information processing (1994), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 421-452
2. Allport A., and Wylie G. Task switching, stimulus-response bindings, and negative priming. In: Monsell S., and Driver J. (Eds). Control of cognitive processes: Attention and performance XVIII (2000), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 35-70
3. Brass M., Ruge H., Meiran N., Rubin O., Koch I., Zysset S., et al. When the same response has different meanings: Recoding the response meaning in the lateral prefrontal cortex. NeuroImage 20 (2003) 1026-1031
4. Brooks P.J., Hanauer J.B., Padowska B., and Rosman H. The role of selective attention in preschoolers' rule use in a novel dimensional card sort. Cognitive Development 18 (2003) 195-215
5. Cepeda N.J., Kramer A.F., and Gonzalez de Sather J.C.M. Changes in executive control across the life span: Examination of task-switching performance. Developmental Psychology 37 (2001) 715-730
6. Chelune G.J., and Baer R.A. Developmental norms for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 8 (1986) 219-228
7. Cinan S. Age-related changes in concept formation, rule switching, and perseverative behaviors: A study using WCST with 12 unidimensional target cards. Cognitive Development 21 (2006) 377-382
8. Crone E.A., Bunge S.A., van der Molen M.W., and Ridderinkhof K.R. Switching between tasks and responses: A developmental study. Developmental Science 9 (2006) 278-287
9. Diamond A. Normal development of prefrontal cortex from birth to young adulthood: Cognitive functions, anatomy, and biochemistry. In: Stuss D.T., and Knight R.T. (Eds). Principles of frontal lobe function (2002), Oxford University Press, Oxford, England 466-503
10. Diamond A., Carlson S.M., and Beck D.M. Preschool children's performance in task switching on the dimensional change card sort task: Separating the dimensions aids the ability to switch. Developmental Neuropsychology 28 (2005) 689-729
11. Diamond A., and Kirkham N.Z. Not quite as grown-up as we like to think: Parallels between cognition in childhood and adulthood. Psychological Science 16 (2005) 291-297
12. Dibbets P., and Jolles J. The switch task for children: Measuring mental flexibility in young children. Cognitive Development 21 (2006) 60
13. Ellefson M.R., Shapiro L.R., and Chater N. Asymmetrical switch costs in children. Cognitive Development 21 (2006) 108
14. Garner W.R. The stimulus in information processing. American Psychologist 25 (1970) 350-358
15. Garner W.R., and Felfoldy G.L. Integrality of stimulus dimensions in various types of information processing. Cognitive Psychology 1 (1970) 225-241
16. Hale S. A global developmental trend in cognitive processing speed. Child Development 61 (1990) 653-663
17. Huizinga M., Dolan C.V., and van der Molen M.W. Age-related change in executive function: Developmental trends and a latent variable analysis. Neuropsychologia 44 (2006) 2017
18. Kail R. Sources of age differences in speed of processing. Child Development 57 (1986) 969-987
19. Kail R. Developmental change in speed of processing during childhood and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin 109 (1991) 490
20. Kirkham N.Z., Cruess L., and Diamond A. Helping children apply their knowledge to their behavior on a dimension-switching task. Developmental Science 6 (2003) 449-476
21. Kirkham N.Z., and Diamond A. Sorting between theories of perseveration: Performance in conflict tasks requires memory, attention and inhibition. Developmental Science 6 (2003) 474-476
22. Kloo D., and Perner J. Disentangling dimensions in the dimensional change card-sorting task. Developmental Science 8 (2005) 44-56
23. Kloo D., Perner J., Kerschhuber A., Dabernig S., and Aichhorn M. Sorting between dimensions: Conditions of cognitive flexibility in preschoolers. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 100 (2008) 115-134
24. Koch I., and Allport A. Cue-based preparation and stimulus-based priming of tasks in task switching. Memory & Cognition 34 (2006) 433-444
25. Kray J., Eber J., and Lindenberger U. Age differences in executive functioning across the lifespan: The role of verbalization in task preparation. Acta Psychologica 115 (2004) 143-165
26. Kray J., and Eppinger B. Effects of associative learning on age differences in task-set switching. Acta Psychologica 123 (2006) 187
27. Kray J., Li K.Z.H., and Lindenberger U. Age-related changes in task-switching components: The role of task uncertainty. Brain and Cognition 49 (2002) 363-381
28. Kray J., and Lindenberger U. Adult age differences in task switching. Psychology and Aging 15 (2000) 126-147
29. Liston C., Matalon S., Hare T.A., Davidson M.C., and Casey B.J. Anterior cingulate and posterior parietal cortices are sensitive to dissociable forms of conflict in a task-switching paradigm. Neuron 50 (2006) 643-653
30. Mayr U. Age differences in the selection of mental sets: The role of inhibition, stimulus ambiguity, and response-set overlap. Psychology and Aging 16 (2001) 96-109
31. Mayr U., and Bryck R.L. Outsourcing control to the environment: Effects of stimulus/response locations on task selection. Psychological Research 71 (2007) 107-116
32. Meiran N. Reconfiguration of processing mode prior to task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 22 (1996) 1423-1442
33. Meiran N. Reconfiguration of stimulus task sets and response task sets during task switching. In: Monsell S., and Driver J.S. (Eds). Control of cognitive processes: Attention and performance XVIII (2000), MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 377-399
34. Meiran N., Chorev Z., and Sapir A. Component processes in task switching. Cognitive Psychology 41 (2000) 211-253
35. Monsell S. Task switching. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 7 (2003) 134-140
36. Monsell S., Yeung N., and Azuma R. Reconfiguration of task-set: Is it easier to switch to the weaker task?. Psychological Research 63 (2000) 250-264
37. Perner J., and Lang B. What causes 3-year-olds' difficulty on the dimensional change card sorting task?. Infant and Child Development 11 (2002) 93-105
38. Reimers S., and Maylor E.A. Task switching across the life span: Effects of age on general and specific switch costs. Developmental Psychology 41 (2005) 661
39. Rennie D.A.C., Bull R., and Diamond A. Executive functioning in preschoolers: Reducing the inhibitory demands of the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task. Developmental Neuropsychology 26 (2004) 423-443
40. Ridderinkhof K.R., van der Molen M.W., Band G.P.H., and Bashore T.R. Sources of interference from irrelevant information: A developmental study. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 65 (1997) 315-341
41. Rogers R.D., and Monsell S. Costs of a predictible switch between simple cognitive tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 124 (1995) 207-231
42. Rubin O., and Meiran N. On the origins of the task mixing cost in the cuing task-switching paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 31 (2005) 1477-1491
43. Schouten A., Oostrom K.J., Peters A.C.B., Verloop D., and Jennekens-Schinkel A. Set-shifting in healthy children and in children with idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 42 (2000) 392-397
44. Shepp B.E., and Barrett S.E. The development of perceived structure and attention: Evidence from divided and selective attention tasks. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 51 (1991) 434
45. Sohn M., and Anderson J.R. Stimulus-related priming during task switching. Memory & Cognition 31 (2003) 775-780
46. Strutt G.F., Anderson D.R., and Well A.D. A developmental study of the effects of irrelevant information on speeded classification. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 20 (1975) 127-135
47. Towse J.N., Redbond J., Houston-Price C.M.T., and Cook S. Understanding the dimensional change card sort: Perspectives from task success and failure. Cognitive Development 15 (2000) 347
48. Waszak F., Hommel B., and Allport A. Task-switching and long-term priming: Role of episodic stimulus-task bindings in task-shift costs. Cognitive Psychology 46 (2003) 361-413
49. Welsh M.C., Pennington B.F., and Groisser D.B. A normative-developmental study of executive function: A window on prefrontal function in children. Developmental Neuropsychology 7 (1991) 131-149
50. Wylie G., and Allport A. Task switching and the measurement of "switch costs.". Psychological Research 63 (2000) 212
51. Zelazo P.D., Frye D., and Rapus T. An age-related dissociation between knowing rules and using them. Cognitive Development 11 (1996) 37-63
52. Zelazo P.D., Müller U., Frye D., and Marcovitch S. The development of executive function in early childhood. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 68 3, Serial No. 274 (2003)